Plagiarism,eh__Howtorecognizeitandgetitoutofyourlife

1、Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Few people set out to be plagiarists. But for many students, plagiarism happens.Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Why do we plagiarize?Were pressed for time It doesnt seem like a big deal Other people w

2、rite better than we do Were not sure what plagiarism is all about, so we take a chance We believe most profs dont have the time to check on us We believe most profs dont have the Internet skills to figure out what we did. Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life So What Exac

3、tly Is Plagiarism?Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life The Oxford English Dictionary defines it as follows:“The action or practice of taking someone elses work, idea, etc., and passing it off as ones own; literary theft.” (Oxford English Dictionary: http:/)Plagiarism, eh

4、? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Does this mean I cant quote from or refer to anyone elses writing?No, it doesnt mean that.You can use other peoples writing if you follow the right rules.Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life When Quoting, you need quota

5、tion marks, a reference, and an item in your bibliography “Information literacy is the natural extension of the concept of literacy in our information society. Information literacy is the catalyst required to transform the information society of today into the learning society of tomorrow.” (Bruce,

6、2002) BibliographyBruce, C. (2002). Information literacy as a catalyst for educational change: A background paper. White Paper Prepared for Unesco, the US National Commission on Libraries and Information Science, and the National Forum on Information Literacy, for use at the Information Literacy, Me

7、etings of Experts, Prague, the Czech Republic, 1-17. Retrieved July 14, 2006 from /International_Conference/papers/bruce-fullpaper.pdfPlagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life When referring to an authors work, you dont need quotation marks, but you do need a reference, and a

8、n item in your bibliography Maughan (2001) demonstrates that the information literacy gap in higher education is leaving university graduates devoid of the very skills they require to function well within the information workplace. BibliographyMaughan, P. D. (2001). Assessing information literacy am

9、ong undergraduates: A discussion of the literature and the University of California-Berkeley assessment experience. College & Research Libraries, 62(1), 71-85. Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life The heart of the problem of plagiarism is MISREPRESENTATIONwhich breaks al

10、l the rules for using other peoples workPlagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life In Western Society, a persons words and ideas are considered to be the property of the person who originates them.Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Stealing a per

11、sons words is similar to stealing somebodys car and impressing your friends by pretending its yours.Its theft, but more seriously, its misrepresentation.Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Any time I leave the impression that the words or ideas Ive written are mine, whe

12、n actually they came from someone else, I am plagiarizing.Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Because passing off someone elses words or ideas as your own is misrepresentation, it is viewed as academic fraud as well as academic theft.Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize i

13、t and get it out of your life The penalties are severe anything from a failed research paper to a failed course to expulsion from the institution. Its that serious.Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life So what are the boundaries?How do I know when Ive become a plagiarist?

14、Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Some boundaries are obvious: If I copy material from a book or article, dont use quotation marks and dont provide a citation to the source, I am stealing someone elses words and pretending they are mine.Plagiarism, eh? : How to recogn

15、ize it and get it out of your life If I get someone else to write my paper or buy a paper from a commercial source or simply copy a whole paper off the Internet, I am clearly plagiarizing.Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life I plagiarize if I take something off the Inter

16、net? But isnt the Internet free for all? People post things there so other people can use them. Ah, but youre confusing access and plagiarism. Even if people give you permission to use their material, using it without indicating the source makes it look like its your material. Thats plagiarism.Plagi

17、arism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Other boundaries are not so clear: What if I use a chart or some other graphic off the Internet, something that isnt really words? Is that plagiarism?Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Yes it is. It is still

18、content, even if it isnt words. As such, it is the property of the one who created it, and passing it off as yours is plagiarism.Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life What if I take a paragraph of text and just change a few words to make it my own? Am I still a plagiarist

19、? Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Yes you are. The problem here is a subtle one, so lets try to understand it.When you just change a few words, the structure of the original is still there the form of the paragraph, the arrangement of sentences, the ideas in their s

20、equence. You may change some of the words, but you are stealing the structure. Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life What if I dont use another authors words at all but I find an author that has a great idea that I dont see anywhere else. Can I use it?Plagiarism, eh? : Ho

21、w to recognize it and get it out of your life Only if you create a citation to show that the idea is not yours but came from this other author. Otherwise you are stealing an idea.Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Weve looked at some examples, but what ties them all to

22、gether? Its the idea of “Intellectual Property.” What comes out of my mind and is communicated to others remains my property. If you use my intellectual property as if it were your own, you are plagiarizing. Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Its Starting to Look Like

23、Everything is PlagiarismPlagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life What can I legitimately use as an information source without having to make a citation for it?Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Your own ideas Your own analysis/evaluation of oth

24、er peoples ideas (once you have provided citations for the ideas themselves) Common knowledge knowledge that you find in several sources that are not themselves depending on a single earlier source.Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Tricky Situations and How to Get Out

25、 of Them1. You are planning to use some material from a source, but you would rather not quote from it. Is paraphrasing OK?Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life This depends on what you mean by “paraphrasing.” By its etymology “para” meaning “with” and “phrase” meaning (w

26、ell) “phrase” - a paraphrase is a phrase by phrase rewriting of text into your own words (or mostly your own words). Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Heres an example (using my own writing so I wont be accused of plagiarism) Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and

27、get it out of your life The original:The paraphraseStudy both for a few seconds.Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life The paraphrase you looked at is just a doctored version of the original, changed a bit so it looks like something different.But the word order, paragraph

28、structure, and even some of the actual words are the same. Thats plagiarism. If you dont believe it, go back and look at the previous slide again. Even with the changes, the whole paraphrase is still 80% the intellectual property of the original author. Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get

29、it out of your life How do you avoid the paraphrasing trap?Simple. Dont paraphrase INTERPRET! Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life The originalThe Interpretation(Note that very few of the original words were used, that the interpretation reveals an UNDERSTANDING rather t

30、han an IMITATION of the original, and that the interpretation is considerably shorter than the original.)Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Whats the difference between paraphrasing and interpreting?In paraphrasing, you are rewriting the original phrase by phrase, sent

31、ence by sentence.When you interpret, you read the text, step back and ask, “What is this person saying?” With interpretation, you are not depending on what the author said phrase by phrase, but what the author meant overall. Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Heres a s

32、imple example:Your friend says to you, I havent eaten for a long time, so why dont we stop at McDonalds? Someone nearby says, What does he want? Paraphrase: “He hasnt had a meal for awhile and wants to go to McDonalds.” (Changes words but not basic structure. No attempt to interpret)Interpretation:

33、“Hes hungry and wants to get a burger. (Gets at underlying meaning)Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Tricky Situations and How to Get Out of Them2. The source you are reading says it much better than you could. Whats wrong with using the writers words, if they help th

34、e reader of your paper to understand the situation better?Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Theres nothing wrong with using someone elses words, as long as you quote them and create a citation (note or reference) to the source.Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and

35、 get it out of your life Better still Quote a short portion (no more than 4 or 5 lines) and present the rest as your own interpretation:“Quotation, blah, blah.” Brown goes on to argue that the real answer to this problem isetc. (Brown 2004)Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your

36、 life Dont fear your own words. Most research papers major on interpretation rather than quotation, e.g.:At the graduate level, it appears that students prefer integrating their information literacy assignment work with their own projects and that they value face to face interaction with their infor

37、mation literacy instructors (Turnbull, Frost, & Foxlee, 2003; Washington-Hoagland & Clougherty, 2002). (an interpretation of these sources, rather than a quotation) Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Lets Practice: Are the Following Plagiarism or Not?Original source: T

38、he effort required to provide online information literacy instruction is intense. Your paper: The effort required to provide online information literacy instruction is intense. Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life PlagiarismIt quotes the source without any indication tha

39、t the words are not yours.Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Lets Practice: Are the Following Plagiarism or Not?Original source: The effort required to provide online information literacy instruction is intense. Your paper: ”The effort required to provide online inform

40、ation literacy instruction is intense.” (Smith 2006, p.42) Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Not PlagiarismYouve used quotation marks and cited the source so that no one believes that these are your own wordsPlagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your

41、 life Lets Practice: Are the Following Plagiarism or Not?Original source: The effort required to provide online information literacy instruction is intense. Your paper: Smith (2006, p.42) argues that providing online courses in information literacy is hard work. Plagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it

42、 and get it out of your life Not PlagiarismYouve interpreted without quoting, have cited your source, and have not used a great deal of the original terminologyPlagiarism, eh? : How to recognize it and get it out of your life Lets Practice: Are the Following Plagiarism or Not?Original source: The effort required to provide online information literacy instruction is intense. Your paper: The work neede