醫(yī)學英語翻譯與寫作：ch4 Translation of Words

1、Translation of WordsChapter 4 Translation of WordsTranslation of Some General WordsTranslation of Medical Terms Translation of some General WordsThe Choice of Meanings of WordsExtending the Meanings of WordsSubmedical WordsThe Choice of Meanings of Wordsgeneral outline general secretary general purp

2、ose general war general knowledge general check general hospital general health condition general practitioner general surgery general anesthesia general round general peritonitis Exercises in class:1. China has made significant progress in developing the use of traditional herbal medicine in conjun

3、ction with the procedures of the western school.2. The principles of tomography first evolved in the early 1920s, though its instruments were developed in the late 1930s, and mainly used for the chest.3. The patient was then seriously ill and a mass had developed overlying the sternum between the th

4、ird and fourth interspace on the right side.Exercises in class:1. Avoidance of heavy food is very important for the patients suffering from peptic ulcer.2. Patients should be warned not to eat a heavy meal immediately after injection.3. A heavy person with heavy complexion was breathing heavily and

5、in a heavy condition due to heavy drinking last night.The Choice of Meanings of the WordsExamples:The aim of this study was to define the incidence of distal bile duct carcinoma cases. This neoplasm accounted for 14% of all periampullary (壺腹周圍的）malignancies between 19901996. Preoperative investigati

6、ons allowed to recognize distal bile duct cancers in a minority of patients with malignant oncogenesis.Extending the meanings of wordsExercises in class:Architecture outlines may be preserved though all cellular details is lost.The constitutional effect of acute inflammation is characterized by leuk

7、ocytosis and antibody formation.The course of the disease is extremely stormy with either a rapid progression to death or an equally rapid improvement.From the sidelines it often seems to me that people from 75 to 85 may well be made of better material and stand up to operations in a more satisfacto

8、ry way than individuals between 55 and 65 years.Submedical Words Exercises in class:As the term approaches, there is a good possibility of complications.The term cardiac arrest may be defined as an unexplained and unanticipated cessation of cardiac activity.Heart failure is a frequent and important

9、complication of subacute bacterial endocarditis.The treatment of pulmonary edema due to congestive heart failure is outlined below.The cough is dry first and later productive of rusty or bloody sputum.The Translation of Medical TermsFree translationTransliterationImage TranslationForm TranslationFre

10、e translationmetabolic rate （新陳）代謝率secondary syndrome 繼發(fā)性綜合征 passive immunity 被動免疫graft-versus-host reaction 移植物抗宿主反應ascending colon 升結(jié)腸central nervous system 中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng) Free translationglomerulonephritis 腎小球腎炎sympathetic stimulation 交感神經(jīng)刺激bicuspid valve二尖瓣 /tricuspid valve 三尖瓣hypertrophy肥大/hyperplasia

11、增生atrophy萎縮/hypotrophy生長不足，營養(yǎng)不良/hypoplasia發(fā)育不全Free translationASD = atrial septal defect 房間隔缺損CRH = corticotrophin releasing hormone 促腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素釋放激素NGF = nerve growth factor 神經(jīng)生長因子A-FP=Alpha-fetoprotein 甲胎蛋白 EB virus=Epstein Barr virus EB病毒DIC=disseminated intravascular coagulation 彌漫性血管內(nèi)凝血 UV=ultravio

12、let 紫外線TSH= thyroid-stimulating hormone 促甲狀腺激素Free translation Int Med=internal medicine 內(nèi)科 Surgitool = Surgical tool 外科器械 redox = reduction oxidation還原氧化反應 atrial fibrillation心房纖維性顫動（房顫） chronic bronchitis 慢性支氣管炎（慢支） hyperthyroidism 甲狀腺機能亢進（甲亢）Transliteration AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrom

13、e) 艾滋病SARS ( severe acute respiratory syndrome) 薩斯PRAVDA（prednisone, ara-C, vincristine, daunomycin, asparagine） 普雷佛達（強的松、阿糖胞苷、長春新堿、道諾霉素、門冬酰胺聯(lián)合方案）Transliterationhertz 赫茲（赫）calorie/calory 卡路里（卡） roentgen 倫琴（倫）volt伏特（伏）ampere 安培（安）Transliterationdexamethasone 地塞米松 rifampin 利福平lincomycin 林可霉素（林肯霉素，潔霉素）

14、 decibel（分貝）Hydroflumethiazine 氫氟甲噻嗪 （降壓藥）TransliterationHassall corpuscle哈（塞爾）氏小體Dick test 狄（克）氏檢驗 Billroths operation畢羅氏手術(shù)（胃部分切除術(shù)）rickettsia 立克次體Transliterationcatarrh 卡他粘膜炎hormone 荷爾蒙激素 penicillin 盤尼西林青霉素 vitamin 維他命維生素Transliterationantibiotic 抗生素抗菌素抗生素Bence-Jones protein 本-周蛋白凝溶蛋白本-周蛋白Grams sta

15、in 革蘭氏染色 固紫染色革蘭氏染色HBsAg 乙型肝炎表面抗原澳（大利亞）抗（原） 乙型肝炎表面抗原Image TranslationI-section sigmoid colon zigzag incision thyroid cross-like chevron bone T-shaped incision Image TranslationT-shaped IUD Y-graft U-shaped plaster cast U形石膏（托）semilunar valvecoronary arterybacillussleeve flapclaw-foot 弓形足（爪形足）U-slab of plaster 馬蹄鐵形石膏板Form Translation 1. P-wave QRS complex S-T segment