[人力資源管理]modal verbs完整版20112

1、Modal VerbsThe meanings of each modal verb.能力猜測許可征求意見請求許可必須應(yīng)該其它can(could)may(might)mustA blind man can not judge colours.Could you follow her talk？You can have my seat. Im going now.The teacher said we could go to the shops for sweets.They can not have gone out because the light is on.The money has

2、disappeared. Who could/can have taken it?Could /Can you lend me some money. 能力猜測許可征求意見請求許可必須應(yīng)該其它can(could)may(might)mustYou may bring them back Monday.Candidates may not bring reference books into the examination room.One may live a hundred years, but cannot live three hundred.They may not be there

3、today.May/Might I ask for a lift?I asked her if I might call and see her.May our friendship live long！祝愿能力猜測許可征求意見請求必須應(yīng)該其它can(could)may(might)祝愿mustWe must think about this very seriously.Judging by the smell, the food must be good.There must be something wrong with the machine.Just when we were rea

4、dy to go away for the holidays, the baby must fall ill.The car must break down just when we were about to start off.偏偏硬要II. The difference - 1. 表能力：can / could / be able to1)The few small rivers can not hold all the rain that falls during the wet season. The frog is able to jump three metres.2) He h

5、as been able to finish the work on time. Im sure we shall be able to get you a job soon. 3) After years of hard work he was able to win the prize. It wasnt long before the patient was able to sit up and read. He could swim across the river in his later years.4)I would like to be able to read, but Im

6、 too old to learn. He said he so much regretted not being able to swim.5)I can see / hear you easily from here. I cant understand him when he speaks so fast.Notes:_._._._._.can 可以表示人或物的能力，而be able to 不可表示物的能力be able to 有更多時態(tài)could只表示過去有能力做，但不一定做；be able to表示不僅有能力，而且做了be able to 有非謂語形式can 常和表示感官和知覺的動詞

7、連用用can, could, be able to填空1)The baby _walk next month.2)John _play football for several years.3)I hope _see her again.4)Although it rained hard that day, they _arrive there on time.5)Luckily I _get the ticket yesterday.6)The boat _carry five persons.7)Im looking at this photograph; I _see some famo

8、us people in it.8)He was a good swimmer, so he _swim to the river bank after the boat sank.9)She _play the piano when she was five.10)He _come to see me, but he didnt.will be able tohas been able toto be able towere able towas able tocancanwas able tocouldcould2.表許可: may / might / can / could1) If y

9、ou wish to do it, you may.2) He said I might go if I wished.3) You can have the book when I have finished it.4) He said we could smoke in the room.Notes:_._.may =can 表示現(xiàn)在許可might=could表示過去許可3.表請求，請求許可: may / might / can / could1) May/ Might we have the television on? Yes, you may.(No, you may not. or

10、 No, you mustnt.)2) Can/ Could you stay a bit longer? Yes, I can. (No, I cant)3) What can I do for you? Can I help you?Notes:_._._.在疑問句中，could, might 不表示過去時態(tài)，只是語氣更加委婉may not=can not語氣較弱，mustnt語氣強在表示請求許可時，May I比Can I更客氣些用may, might, can, could, mustnt填空_I have a glass of beer, Jill? No, Im afraid you

11、 _.2)Tigers are magnificent animals. We _ (not)allow them to become extinct.3) Im not quite ready to go, but you _ leave if you are in a hurry. Ill meet you again.4)Children _(not)play with fire. It is dangerous.5)The teacher said to the students that they _ go home if they finished their exercises.

12、6)_ you let me have your passport?May/Mightmay notmustntmay /canmustntmight/couldCan/Could4、表猜測: must / may / might / can / could1)Im always running into him; he must live quite near here.2)You did well in the exam. You must have worked hard last week.3) I may be right or may not be right, but thats

13、 what I think.4) I may(might) see you tonight; I dont know yet.5) Why hasnt he turned up? He may/might not have been informed, but Im not sure.6) He looks so young. He cant be more than thirty.7) Can they still be waiting for us?8)He can be really naughty at times.Notes:_._._._._._.肯定句用must, may(mig

14、ht)否認句用cant (couldnt), may not(might not)問句用can (could)can, could用于肯定句，表示“有時也會might, could 不是過去時，而是語氣不如may, can 肯定動詞要考慮時態(tài)1). He cant be more than thirty.2). Various new problems may arise in the future.對將要發(fā)生的事及現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)的猜測：情態(tài)動詞+V3). They must be worrying about our safety.4). Can they still be waiting fo

15、r us?5). They may be staying at the Beijing Hotel.對現(xiàn)在正在進行的事的猜測：情態(tài)動詞+ be doing6). They must have arrived by now.表示對過去發(fā)生的事情或狀態(tài)的猜測：情態(tài)動詞+have done7). You must have been thinking of something.表示對過去發(fā)生并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的事情或過去正在進行的事情： 情態(tài)動詞+have been doing用must, can, may填空：1) Mr. White is on a business trip in the south

16、. He _(not) be home now.2) Listen to the laughter. They _be enjoying themselves.3) Youd better take an umbrella. It _rain before evening.4) _she have his new address? No, she _(not). She doesnt even know he has moved.5) Even a wise man _sometimes makes mistakes.6) Dont believe him. What he said _(no

17、t) be true.7) Youve been working the whole day. You _be tired.8) Judging by her accent, she _be from Sichuan.cantmustmayCancantcancantmustmust用must, can, may與動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1) He isnt back yet. He _(have) an accident.2) The line is busy. Someone _(use) the phone.3) The streets are dry. It _(not rain) dur

18、ing the night.4) “Why didnt you answer the phone last night? “I _(sleep) when you called.5) I cant find little Tom. Where _(go)?6) This pen _(not be ) his; he was not here in the morning.7) The alarm clock didnt ring this morning. He _(forget) winding it last night.8) You made a lot of spelling mist

19、akes in your composition. You _(not go) it over after you finished writing it.may have hadmust be usingcant have rainedmust have been sleepingcan he have gonecant bemust have forgottencant have gone完成以下反意問句1) You must be a writer, _you?2)You must have seen him yesterday, _ you?3) He must have learne

20、d some English before, _he?4)The students must be playing on the playground, _?5)Mr. Black must have been in Beijing last month, _?6)He must have lived here for five years, _?7)He must have finished the work yesterday, _?8)The workers cant have finished their work yet, _?9)The workers cant have fini

21、shed their work last night, _?arent didnt hasnt arent theywasnt hehasnt hedidnt hehave theydid they5、表必須: must / have to1) I must learn another language.2) I have to be back before 10 oclock because the train is to leave at 10:05.3) Well have to buy another TV set.4) He has had to reconsider his pos

22、ition.5) She reminded me that I must be at the office by ten.6) Must we leave so early? Yes, you must. (No, you neednt=dont have to)7) We mustnt think only of ourselves.8) We mustnt take the enemy lightly.Notes:_._._.must 強調(diào)主觀看法，表示主觀上認為必須做某事have to強調(diào)客觀需要，表示因客觀環(huán)境或事態(tài)促使而不得不做 have to 有更多的時態(tài)用must, have t

23、o填空1) I _(not) go to see the doctor. Im feeling much better now.2) Im afraid you _do this. Its a rule of the college.3) We _(not) forget that the children of today are the world leaders of tomorrow.4) They _ work twelve hours a day at that time.5) _ we finish the work today? Yes, you _. (No, you _)d

24、ont have tohave tomustnthad toMustmust needntwill (would)1)Ill give you anything you want. A man who wont work is not good. No matter how the enemy tortured him , he would not say a word.2)A drowning man will catch a straw.快淹死的人一根稻草也 要抓。 She will sit there for hours, waiting for her son to come home

25、. Often when I passed the village, I would see them working in the fields.3)Would / will you do me a favour?4)The machine wont work. The door wont open. The window wouldnt open. 必須應(yīng)該習(xí)慣傾向意志意愿命令、威脅、警告、許諾征求意見請求許可猜測其它willwouldshouldshallThe meanings of each modal verb.功能功能 notes:1)Will/ would 用于各種人稱，表示意

26、愿、意志、決心 will表示現(xiàn)在愿意，would表示過去愿意2)will用于各種人稱，表示傾向或習(xí)慣性動作,would 表示過去總是 3)will/would用于第二人稱的疑問句，表示提出“請求， would不是過去式而是語氣比will更婉轉(zhuǎn)些，客氣些4)will/ would還可用來表示主語所具有的功能，will指現(xiàn)在， would指過去shall1)Shall I turn on the light? / Shall we sit here? Shall he wait outside?2)If your children dont do as I tell you, they shant

27、 go to the party. The enemy shall not pass. You shall have the money as soon as I cash my check.一兌換支票3)Payment shall be made by cheque and the terms shall be as follows.可用支票支付，條件如下必須應(yīng)該習(xí)慣傾向意志意愿命令、威脅、警告、許諾征求意見請求許可猜測其它willwouldshallThe meanings of each modal verb.功能功能規(guī)定notes: 1)用于第一，第三人稱疑問句，表示征求對方的意見。

28、2)用于第二、第三人稱表示說話人對聽話人的威脅、命令、許諾或說話人的決心。 3)指條約、規(guī)律中規(guī)定用于各人稱shall will would1._we invite the Whites to the party?2.If he _, he may come.3. _you be so kind as to carry the box upstairs?4.If you dare do that, you _be punished.5. _you mind my sitting here?6.I try to open the door, but the key _(not) turn.7.I

29、 promise you _see them again before along.8.Tell me the truth, _?9.Let us have a rest, _?10.Lets turn to the teacher for help, _?11.She _come to see us when he was in Nanjing.12.Fish _die without water.ShallwillWill/WouldshallWill /Wouldwill notshall will youwill youshall wewouldwill必須應(yīng)該習(xí)慣傾向意志意愿命令、威

30、脅、警告、許諾征求意見請求許可猜測其它willwouldshallshould功能功能規(guī)定竟然should ought to1)How should we answer this letter? They should be encouraged to put forward suggestions. As a Party member, you ought to take the lead.2)They should be there by now, I think. Mary took dancing lessons for years; she should be an excellen

31、t dancer.3) Its odd that you should mention him. Its surprising that they should leave without saying good-bye to us. notes: 1)表示應(yīng)該、應(yīng)當(dāng)2)表示估計的情況 3)表示“竟然4)動詞要考慮時態(tài)Since you have just recovered, you shouldnt be doing any heavy work.Its late. You shouldnt be working at the moment.The flowers are dead. I

32、should have watered them more.You oughtnt to have spoken to them in that way. Now they take offence.Notes:1)表示做了不該做的事或應(yīng)該做卻沒做，用should (not)或ought(not) to +have done2)表示正在做不該做的事，或應(yīng)該在做卻不在做，用should (not) 或ought (not) to +be doing dare need1)I have to admit that we need further training. We need to be es

33、pecially careful under such circumstances.2)Whose chair needs fixing / to be fixed.3)We must dare to think, speak up and act. They dont dare (to) make a sound.4)So you neednt hurry with the meeting. (不必急于開這個會 =(you dont need to hurry) Need you go so soon? Yes, I must. No, I neednt. (=Do you need to

34、go so soon?)5)I darent ask you because I think I must be wrong. (=I dont dare to ask) Dare you go home alone? (=Do you dare to go home alone)notes: 1)need, dare作為行為動詞可用于肯定句、否認句與問句中用法為sb. need sth./to do; sth. need doing/ to be done; sb. dare to do2)dare, need作為情態(tài)動詞只用于否認句，問句及條件狀語從句中練習(xí)2dare / need1.I

35、wonder how he _to say that.2.He _(not) speak English before so many people.3.If he _do that again, Ill teach him a lesson.4.You _(not) be angry with her, for she is very young.5.We have enough time. We _(not ) to be in such a hurry.daresdare notdareneedntdont need三、情態(tài)動詞和完成時，進行時連用的情況：1.We could not h

36、ave heard them because of the noise from the river. They may be working on the project now. His watch must have stopped. I will go and call him.2.She shouldnt have left the hospital so soon, for she hadnt yet recovered. You ought to have refused her at the beginning, but now it is too late. You shou

37、ld be listening to me now. You shouldnt be sleeping in class.3.You neednt have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.4.He could have told her, but he didnt choose to. When she heard the news, she could have cried.s watch must have stopped. I will go and call him.2.She shouldnt have left the h

38、ospital so soon, for she hadnt yet recovered. You ought to have refused her at the beginning, but now it is too late. You should be listening to me now. You shouldnt be sleeping in class.3.You neednt have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.4.He could have told her, but he didnt choose to. When she heard the news, she could have cried.notes: 1.表猜測的情態(tài)動詞后要考慮時態(tài)。2.should (not), ought (not) to 后要考慮時態(tài)3.neednt have done表示做了不必做的事4.cou