英語(yǔ)專業(yè)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)匯總【楊順國(guó)】

1、英語(yǔ)專四語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)匯總一.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主要考點(diǎn).有些典型動(dòng)詞后面可以接上不定式或動(dòng)名詞來(lái)做賓語(yǔ)的，但 是在意思上是有區(qū)別的，主要?？嫉降膭?dòng)詞羅列如下：mean to do想要（做某事） VS mean doing意味（做某事） propose to do打算（做某事） VS propose doing建議（做某事） forget to do忘記（要做的事） VS forget doing忘記（已做的事） remember to do 記得（要做某事） VS remember doing 記得（做過(guò)） go on to do繼而（做另一件事）VS go on doing繼續(xù)（做原來(lái)的事） stop

2、 to do停下來(lái)去做另一件事 VS stop doing停止正在做的事 regret to do （對(duì)將要做的事）遺感VS regret doing （對(duì)已做過(guò)的事）后悔.不定式的習(xí)慣用法典型句型整理如下：如：cannot help but do-“不得不做某事”如：cannot but do-“不禁做某事”如： cannot choose but do不由自主地做某事”如：can do nothing but do-“不能不做某事”如： have no choice but to do-“只能做某事”如： have no alternative but to do-“只能做某事”例句： T

3、he boy cannot help but be greatly influenced by the useful第1頁(yè)共40頁(yè) instruction given by his family tutor.When I start my job career, I cannot choose butlook back upon the beautiful days I spent on campus.動(dòng)名詞的習(xí)慣用法典型動(dòng)名詞的習(xí)慣句型整理羅列如下：如：be busy/active doing sth.如：Its no good/use doing sth.如：spend/waste tim

4、e doing sth.如：have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth.如：have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth.如：There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth.例句：There is no use crying over spilt milk.（典型例句） 牛奶灑了，哭也沒(méi)用；后悔是沒(méi)有用的；覆水難受I really have problem solving these mathematic questions since I am not major in s

5、cience after all.形容詞與副詞及其比較級(jí).形容詞的句法功能第2頁(yè)共40頁(yè)形容詞通常在句子中用做定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法成分，通?？嫉降闹R(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)如下：以“a”開(kāi)頭的形容詞如 “alone、“alike、“asleep、“awake” 等一般不能做前置定語(yǔ)， 通常是做表語(yǔ)或后置定語(yǔ)的例句：Jerry didnt pass the important final exam, please let him alone for the time being.Michael came back from job just now, and his eyes were shut and he

6、 seemed to havefallen asleep(2)某些以副詞詞綴“-ly”結(jié)尾的詞其實(shí)是形容詞，不能看錯(cuò)是副詞，例如 “ friendly、“l(fā)eisurely、“l(fā)ovely” 等(3)下列動(dòng)詞既是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞又是系動(dòng)詞，注意用做系動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要求形容詞做表語(yǔ)這些典型單詞羅列如下：remain、 keep、 become、 get、 grow、 go、 come、turn、 stay、 stancl、 run、 prove、 seem、 appear、 “l(fā)ook” 等例句： The situation remains tensebetween the two countries at

7、this juncture.在這個(gè)節(jié)骨眼上，兩國(guó)形勢(shì)仍然持續(xù)緊張。There is strong possibility that such a style of mutual cooperation will prove unworkable.這種合作模式大有可能行不通。第3頁(yè)共40頁(yè).某些詞雖然不用比較級(jí)形式卻自身帶有比較概念這些典型詞匯總結(jié)如下：inferior、 minor、 senior、 prior、 prefer to、 superior、 “major“、junior“、preferable“、differ from 、acompared with”、“in compariso

8、n with “、 different from “、 rather than” 等例句： After visiting at weekends, I think their villa is superior to all the other villas in the countryside.有關(guān)比較級(jí)的特殊句型not so much as 與其說(shuō)還不如說(shuō)例句： The major reason for his suicide isn t so much his negative emotions as his incapacity to take care of himself.no/n

9、ot any more than兩者一樣都不例句：It is well acknowledged by the public that the heart is no any more intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain altogether.no /not any less than兩者樣者B例句：I was good at almost all subjects when I was in the junior highschool, and particularly speakin

10、g, mathematics was no any less good than physics at that time.just as so 正如，也(會(huì)使用到倒裝結(jié)構(gòu))例如：Just as chocolate is a part of my favorite food, so is the ice第4頁(yè)共40頁(yè)cream.二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣簡(jiǎn)明概述：虛擬語(yǔ)氣是指說(shuō)話人講話的內(nèi)容與現(xiàn)實(shí)或事實(shí)相反, 是一種主觀假想的情況。時(shí)態(tài)：可表示 過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)，特征是時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)退后.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的主觀假設(shè):條件從句主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 改為 一般過(guò)去時(shí)注：be動(dòng)詞一律改為 wereshould/would/co

11、uld/might + 動(dòng)詞原形例句：If there were an English dictionary, we could consult it for this difficult word.If my bigger brother were here, he would do us a favor to move the heavy box.與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的主觀假設(shè)：第5頁(yè)共40頁(yè)條件從句主句一般過(guò)去時(shí)改為過(guò)去完成時(shí)should/would/could/might+have +過(guò)去分詞例句：If he had studied more diligently, he would hav

12、e passedthe exam undoubtedly.If my favorite teacher had been here yesterday, I would have paid more attention to the lesson.If the child had been more careful, he would not have made such a foolish mistake.與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的主觀假設(shè):條件從句主句一般過(guò)去時(shí)注：be動(dòng)詞一律改為 wereshould/would/could/might + 動(dòng)詞原形were + to do sthshould +

13、動(dòng)詞原形例句：If you made great progress in the near future, you should not forget your teachers.第6頁(yè)共40頁(yè) If you were to make great progress in the near future, you should not forget your teachers.If you should make great progress in the near future, you should be grateful to your teachers.混合條件句：主句和條件從句所發(fā)生的

14、時(shí)間點(diǎn)不一致， 這個(gè)時(shí)候就需要根據(jù)各自的時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行倒退來(lái)做相應(yīng)修改。例句：If you had finished your homework by yourself yesterday （過(guò)去）, you would not copy other s answers in a hurry （現(xiàn)在）If you had asked your mother how to cook last week （過(guò)去）,you would know clearly each cooking step of the dish （現(xiàn)在）虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝如果從句中有 were, should, had,則需要倒裝。倒

15、裝方法：將if省略,再把were, should, had挪到從句的句首。注：如果從句中沒(méi)有 were, should, had,則不能省略if,也不 可倒裝。例句:第7頁(yè)共40頁(yè) 原句：If my bigger brother were here, he would help us to move the heavy box.倒裝： Were my bigger brother here, he would help us to move the heavy box.原句：If the child had been more careful, he would not have made s

16、uch a foolish mistake.倒裝： Had the child been more careful, he would not have made such a foolish mistake.原句：If you should make great progress in the near future, you should be grateful to your teachers.倒裝：Should you make great progress in the near future, you should be grateful to your teachers.虛擬語(yǔ)氣

17、詞：should很簡(jiǎn)單，三種形式It is suggested/requested/ordered, etC 具有命令，建議，要求等口吻的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞）+ that sb should （should可省略）do （動(dòng)詞原形）sth.注：這類動(dòng)詞還可以有其他三種從句形式來(lái)代替。例如：原句：It is suggested that students （should） use dictionary in exam.第8頁(yè)共40頁(yè)賓語(yǔ)從句：I suggest that students (should) use dictionary in exam.表語(yǔ)從句：My suggestion is tha

18、t students (should) use dictionary in exam.同位語(yǔ)從句：I provided a suggestion that students (should) use dictionary in exam.It is necessary/important/indispensable, etc.(帶有主觀 色彩的形容詞)+ that sb (should) do sth.It is a pity/a shame, etc.(名詞性詞組)+ that sb (should) do sth.虛擬語(yǔ)氣特殊句型：It is high (high可省略)time that

19、 該是的時(shí)候了“that”從句動(dòng)詞可以用過(guò)去時(shí)should (不能省略)+動(dòng)詞原形例句：It is (high) time that we should draw up a contract.It is (high) time that we drew up a contract.(草擬合同)第9頁(yè)共40頁(yè)含蓄虛擬語(yǔ)氣除了常規(guī)的連詞if以外，還可以借助其他介詞、介詞詞組、句 子來(lái)引導(dǎo)虛擬語(yǔ)氣從句。Without 要是沒(méi)有 ”例句： Without the rescue of firefighters timely, our lives would not have been saved.But

20、 for 要不是”例句：But for your professional help, I could not have achieved such a big progress in medical community.Under”在某種情況下”例句： Under such circumstances the criminal would not have perpetrated acts of violence upon children.With有的前提下”例句： With the data collected one month earlier, we could finish the

21、 project more efficiently.In the absence of “如果沒(méi)有 ”例句：In the absence of law, women would continue to lack their rights to vote on their own.第10頁(yè)共40頁(yè)Otherwise “否則”例句： We didn know his educational background and achievement in this field, otherwise we would have fired him.If it were not for要不是 （用于現(xiàn)在的情

22、況）”例句:If it were not for the brilliant guidance of the Communist Party of China, we could not lead a happy life.If it had not been for要不是 （用于過(guò)去/已經(jīng)發(fā)生的情況）”例句：If it had not been for my illness, I would have attended this important meeting last Monday.倒裝： Had it not been for my illness, I would have att

23、ended this important meeting last Monday.as if/as though好像 似的”按照具體的語(yǔ)境，既可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（表示與實(shí)際情況相反、主觀臆斷）、也可以用陳述語(yǔ)氣（表示實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較大或所說(shuō)情況即是事實(shí)）例句：Time can take away our happiness and sadness as if/though it was第11頁(yè)共40頁(yè) endowed with magic power.（與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣）My teacher has contributed herself a lot as if/though she was

24、 a candle, which lights others and consumes itself.（與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的 虛擬語(yǔ)氣）The student studied industriously as if/though he had never felt tired and exhausted.（與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣）The boy still stays calm as if/though he has known the beginning and the end of the matteralready.（就是事實(shí)，按實(shí)際的時(shí)態(tài)即可）四、定語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)明概述：定語(yǔ)從句在句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)

25、的角色，修飾句中前面所提 到的名/代詞。被修飾的名/代詞稱為先行詞。關(guān)系代詞 (who, whom, whose, which, that:注：沒(méi)有what關(guān)系代詞所代替的主要是人或物的名/代詞，在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分。who, whom, that都可代替人例句：第12頁(yè)共40頁(yè)Is the boy who/that cheated in the examination? （who/that 作為從 句主語(yǔ)，代替the boy）He is the man whom/that we wont recruit due to his criminal records. （who/that

26、 作為從句賓語(yǔ)，代替 the man）whose可指代人或物注：如果whose指物的話，也可以用 of which來(lái)代替。例句：Our conversation was stopped by a man whose hair is blonde.I lent him this bookwhosepages curled up due to my constant use.=I lent him this book the pages of which curled up due to my constant use.which, that代替事物例句：We ll never forget th

27、e atrocious violence which/that was committed by Japanese soldiers.Is that fashion show （which/that） you were talking about just now?（作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可?。╆P(guān)系副詞（when, where, why）:關(guān)系副詞分別代替的先行詞為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因，在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)?3頁(yè)共40頁(yè)狀語(yǔ)的角色。注：when, where, why也可用“介詞 + which”來(lái)代替。例句：This was the moment when/at which the two sides reache

28、d a deadlock again and terminated their negotiation.Xi an is one of the most famous cultural cities where/in which millions of worldwide tourists will choose to make a tour.Is this the reasonwhy/for which there is a severe shortage of funds for our research?注：that是可以代替關(guān)系副詞的，即that可取代“when, where,why”

29、和“介詞+which”的形式。（在口語(yǔ)中that可省略） 注：介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不能省略，而且that前不能有介詞例句轉(zhuǎn)換：This was the moment that the two sides reached a deadlock again and terminated their negotiation.Xi an is one of the most famous cultural cities that millions of worldwide tourists will choose to make a tour.Is this the reason that there i

30、s a severe shortage of funds for our research?限制性/非限制性定語(yǔ)從句第14頁(yè)共40頁(yè)重點(diǎn)概括整理：限制性定語(yǔ)從句 先行詞是不能省略的,因?yàn)槭×?先行詞的話，句子的意思就會(huì)變得不完整和不明確， 缺少必要的 說(shuō)明解釋。而非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 是先行詞的額外說(shuō)明,是可以省 略的，省了也不會(huì)影響句子的意思和整體性，弁且與主句之間常用“隔開(kāi)。比較例句：This is the book（which/that） I bought yesterday.（限制性） This book, I bought yesterday, is very inspiring. （非

31、限制性）通常是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的情況分析：Steven Spielberg, （whom） I admire very much in Hollywood movie-making field, won another Oscar Award this year.（專有名詞 /人名）My beloved dog, （which） I bought 5 years ago, has caught a bad cold recently.（有物主代詞的時(shí)候）This experiment, which was conducted last weekends, proves to be a big

32、success.（有指示代詞的時(shí)候）Her child was always absent-minded in learning and failed in exams,第15頁(yè)共40頁(yè)which made her disappointed once again. （由 which 代替整句主句）關(guān)系代詞that的特殊用法總結(jié)（只能用 that的情況）：先行詞既包含人又包含物，只用 that,不用which例句：The volunteers were talking about the nonprofit organization and its staff that made an inde

33、lible impression on them.當(dāng)不定代詞作為先行詞（如 anyone, anything, nothing, any, everything, something little, few, much, all 等），只用 that, 不用which例句： He shared everything with us that aroused his interest in chemistry at school.先行詞用the only/very修飾時(shí)，只用that,不用 which例句：The girl is the only student that will blush

34、with shyness when talking with boys.先行詞是序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，只用that,不用which 例句：The first English award that I won was an English debate competition held by Foreign Languages Institute at my university.第16頁(yè)共40頁(yè)This was the busiest period that we spent last year in project-consulting and research industry.在

35、There be句型中，只用that,不用 which例句：There was a ship that passed through a strait.五、名詞性從句簡(jiǎn)明概述：名詞性從句在句中相當(dāng)于名詞詞組/成分。由于它在 復(fù)合句中能作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等，因此名詞性從句（總 稱）又可分別稱為主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句 等。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞重點(diǎn)概括如下：.連接詞：that, whether, if （只起連接主句和從句的作用，在 從句中不作任何成分）注：that-從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí),常用it作先 行詞放在句首作為形式主語(yǔ)， 而將that-從句放在句末，避免 頭重腳輕。1.

36、It is necessary (a.) that -2. It is known -ed 分詞 that3. It is a pity (n.) that4. It seems (vi.) that第17頁(yè)共40頁(yè).連接代詞： what （whatever）, who （whoever）, whom, whose, which （whichever）.連接副詞： when, where, why, how注：連接代詞和連接副詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，也常用it作先行詞放在句首 作為形式主語(yǔ)。例句：It is doubtful why his parents are determined so persis

37、tently to send the young boy abroad for further study.It has not been decided yet who will take the responsibility to negotiate with the government.注（1）:引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞不可省略例句： That the candidate was selected as the Party Chairman made us excited.注（2）:引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句 的連接詞不可省略例句： We worried about the forecast that

38、 there would be only a few affordable apartments prepared for blue-collar workers in tier-one cities （一線城市）in the following three years.注（3）:表示“是否”的時(shí)候，只用whether不用if的情況.后有 “ or not”例句：It is unknown to all whether the new policy can improve the第18頁(yè)共40頁(yè) standard of people s lives or not.引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句例句： The k

39、eynote is whether children s safety can be guaranteed.引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句弁在句首例句： Whether the experiment could be conducted (or not) remained unknown to the students.作介詞賓語(yǔ)例句： The child is fearful of whether another war will break out at any moment.六、倒裝簡(jiǎn)明概述：倒裝句由全部倒裝和部分倒裝組成。全部倒差是把句 中的謂語(yǔ)部分全部挪到主語(yǔ)前面，時(shí)態(tài)通常是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般 過(guò)去時(shí)；

40、部分倒裝則是將謂語(yǔ)的一部分.如助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞倒 裝于主語(yǔ)之前。如果謂語(yǔ)沒(méi)有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則需要我們幫 助補(bǔ)充助動(dòng)詞,如do, does, did,并將它們放在主語(yǔ)的前面。全部倒裝（時(shí)態(tài)通常是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)）：A. 句中如有副詞 here, there, now, then, away, hence, thus, et& 于句首， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為 come, go, be, stand, fall, lie, etc.第19頁(yè)共40頁(yè)典型例句：Away ran the child.There lives a tiger.Here is your money.B.表示方位/運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞

41、(如 in, out, away, off, up, down, etc.) 位于句首，謂語(yǔ)表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞(如 come, go, jump, run, swim, stand, rush, etc)。例句： Away swam a whale.C.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)位于句首例句： Under the tree rested an old lady.D. There be 句型例句：There is (注意主tS一致) a radio, two television sets and ten chairs in this room.There are many TV programs in prime

42、time (黃金時(shí)間段)注：全部倒裝只有在主語(yǔ)是名旦的前提下才能全部倒裝，如果主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞則不能全部倒裝。對(duì)比例句:第20頁(yè)共40頁(yè)Away ran the child. Away he ran.There lives a tiger.There it lives.部分倒裝：A.句首有否定或半否定的詞語(yǔ) （注：如果否定詞不在句首，則 不需要倒裝），Eg: No, Not, None, Nobody, Nowhere, Never, Little, Few, Seldom, Hardly, At no time, In no way, Not until , Not only but also

43、 , Hardly when , Scarcely when , No sooner than , etc.例句:Nowhere can you find a place better than your home.In no way could you destroy the incontrovertible evidence.At no time can a country use force towards a vulnerable group.Never have I scolded my child even if he has made any mistakes.重點(diǎn)：Not un

44、til總結(jié)：主句倒裝，從句不倒裝；否定詞不在句首不需倒裝例句對(duì)比：Not until that time （名詞短語(yǔ)） did I know why she chose to leave me without any hesitation.=I did n know why she chose to leave me without any hesitation until that time.第21頁(yè)共40頁(yè)Not until the child made a full recovery from the heart operation （從句）did his father go abroa

45、d on business.=The father did n go abroad on business until the child made afull recovery from the heart operation.重點(diǎn)：Not only but alsoNot only A but also B ,若A和B是名詞性短語(yǔ)，則不需要倒 裝例句：Not only students but also teachers should keep studying continuously and absorb new knowledge to broaden their minds.Not

46、 only A but also B,若A和B都是分句的話，則A倒裝，B 不倒裝。對(duì)比例句：Not only should we reconstruct economy, but also create more positions for the unemployed.We should not only reconstruct economy, but also create more positions for the unemployed.重點(diǎn)：Hardly when ; Scarcely when ; No sooner than對(duì)比例句（注意時(shí)態(tài)：前過(guò)完后過(guò)去時(shí)）：Hardly h

47、ad I left home when my dog barked.第22頁(yè)共40頁(yè)I had hardly left home when my dog barked.Scarcely had we gone out of the classroom when it began to rain.We had scarcely gone out of the classroom when it began to rain.No sooner had the Chairman declared the result of the contest than the contestant shiver

48、ed with excitement.The Chairman had no sooner declared the result of the contest than the contestant shivered with excitement.Only位于句首要部分倒裝Only by this means/in this way （短語(yǔ)）can you notice the importance of efficient study methods.Only after making the same mistake twice（從句）will he learn a lesson.（主

49、句部分倒裝，從句不倒裝 ）Sothat句型中若so位于句首，則需要部分倒裝例句：So angry was the boy that he decided to break off friendly relations with his friends （斷絕友誼）.,要部分倒裝May在表示祝愿的句子中位于句首第23頁(yè)共40頁(yè)例句:May God bless you!May this transportation handbook help you to travel in Singapore.E.虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝如果從句中有 were, should, had,就需要部分倒裝。將if省略, 再把

50、were, should, had挪到從句的句首。（虛擬語(yǔ)氣中已經(jīng)講明）七、主謂一致簡(jiǎn)明概述：主謂一致即主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)在語(yǔ)法單復(fù)數(shù)形式上保持一 致。本章節(jié)重點(diǎn)羅列了英語(yǔ)專四考試中經(jīng)常會(huì)考到且常由現(xiàn)的幾 種情況以供大家參考、復(fù)習(xí)。以“6結(jié)尾的書(shū)名、雜志名、國(guó)家名、組織名，雖然字面上是“復(fù)數(shù)”形式，但其實(shí)只能作為一個(gè)獨(dú)立的個(gè)/整體。所以作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要為單數(shù)。典型例句：The United States has 50 states.The Forbes （福布斯雜志）was founded in 1917.The United Nations has taken steps to ameliora

51、te this situation.第24頁(yè)共40頁(yè)并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)例句對(duì)比：Studying and working are both indispensable and should be balanced evenly.（當(dāng)A和B分別指兩個(gè)不同概念的時(shí)候，謂語(yǔ) 要用復(fù)數(shù)）The diplomat and university professor hastaught me a lot.（當(dāng) A 和B由and連接，A前有“the”，B前卻無(wú)定冠詞時(shí)，兩者表示 指代的為同一人或事物，謂語(yǔ)需用單數(shù)）就近原則：There be“There be”中“ be”的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于最靠近它的名詞。比較例句：T

52、here are two tables, one chair left in that classroom.There is one chair and two tables left in that classroom.There is one or two things I Hke to share with you now.就近原則：either or ; neither nor ; A or B;連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ) 時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由最靠近它的主語(yǔ)決定對(duì)比例句：Either you or that boy is to be punished.Neither that boy nor yo

53、u are to be punished.第25頁(yè)共40頁(yè)就近原貝 U: not only but also對(duì)比例句：Not only you but also that girl wants the toy.Not only you but also I am keen on jazz music.就近原則：Here對(duì)比例句：Here is one penand two drawings on the desk.Here are two drawings and one pen on the desk.就近原則：not but不是而是”例句： Not the subject teacher

54、but the colorful textbooks whet my appetite for more study.謂語(yǔ)單數(shù)：none of +可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞 + V單neither of +可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞 + V單either of +可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞 + V單注：在口語(yǔ)中有時(shí)上述三種情況也可以用V復(fù)（但只是在后跟可數(shù)名詞的時(shí)候），但是考點(diǎn)大部分是以考查V單為重點(diǎn)總結(jié)：none of +可數(shù)名詞+ V單/復(fù)neither of +可數(shù)名詞+ V單/復(fù)第26頁(yè)共40頁(yè)either of +可數(shù)名詞+ V單/復(fù)例句： None of rice is to be wasted.N

55、either of the two hotels boasts/boasta swimming pool.Either of you takes/take the responsibility to clean the oven.就遠(yuǎn)原貝U: with, along with, together with, like, except, but, morethan, no less than, as well as, in addition to, as much as, rather than, etc.例句：Her body except her feet has been recovere

56、d from the accident.The two boys rather than that girl were giving an instrumental performance just now.A good attitude together with superior English-speaking skills leads to the success of the competition.Experienced health-care professionals in addition to state-of-the-art facilities guarantee th

57、e high quality of the hospital.謂語(yǔ)單數(shù)： 主語(yǔ)由 every, each, some, no, any, no one, one, thing等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞例句：Each of us enjoys the fashion show.He felt that something strange was leaning towards him.第27頁(yè)共40頁(yè)謂語(yǔ)單數(shù)：表示距離，金錢(qián)，時(shí)間，度量的復(fù)合名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常把這些名詞看做一個(gè)整體，因此謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)形式例句：Another two hours is enough to get fully prepared

58、 for the contest. Two centimeters was permitted for average error of manufacturing this kind of machine in ancient times.看具體情況而定：如果名詞單復(fù)數(shù)同型，就要根據(jù)語(yǔ)境中的實(shí)際 意義及修飾這些詞的詞來(lái)確定其謂語(yǔ)形式。這些詞如：aircraft,species, series, deer, fish, sheep, headquarters, means, etc.例句：Many possible meanshave been tried to settle the disp

59、ute.Each aircraft is equipped with the most advanced technology.（根據(jù) 所修飾的詞each來(lái)判斷）Sheep are raised for their wool and meat.（按語(yǔ)境中的含義）看具體情況而定： some, all, most, any, half, enough, the rest, the remainder, etc.和疑問(wèn)代詞 what, who, which, whatever, whoever, whichever, etc.的謂語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)由其指代的詞的含義來(lái) 決定。例句:第28頁(yè)共40頁(yè)Who ar

60、e shouting there?Whatever was the matter?Six students went abroad for further education from the key high school, but most are junior students.Rice flour is one of the ingredients to make the cake and most is cheap.看具體情況而定：集合名詞的謂語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)要根據(jù)所代表的含義來(lái) 決定。這些詞有： family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company,