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1、實用文檔圖表描述專題訓練(一)這類作文時,注意以下幾點:第一,審題時,除了要把握好圖表的 表層信息外,還要分析圖標的深層含義,如原因、根源、可能的發(fā)展趨勢等。圖表中所提供的說明文字往往是問題 的切入點,一定要仔細分析。第二,描述數(shù)據(jù)時要 抓住重點,為中心服務,不必面面俱到,切忌毫無目的地羅 列圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)。如果數(shù)據(jù)較多,抓住圖表中的極端點(如最大或最小、 最多或最少,最好或最差)和基本相同進行描述。第三,主題句應明確,最好放在文章的開頭,這樣會使重點突出,主題明了。圖表范例一Students Use of Computers2002 n Hours例文: Students Use of Com
2、puters提綱:1.上圖所示為某校大學生平均每周使用計算機的時間: 1990 年(2 hours ) ,1995 年(4 hours), 2002 年(14 hours),請描述其變化;.請說明發(fā)生這些變化的原因(可從計算機的用途、價格或 社會發(fā)展等方面加以說明);.你認為目前大學生在計算機使用中有什么困難或問題。參考范文(1)Student Use of ComputersAs is clearly shown in the chart, the number of hours students spent on computers increased from two to four h
3、ours per week from 1990 to 1995. Especially, the number rose to about 14 hour per week in 2002.There are three factors leading to the change. To begin with, the price of computers is getting much lower than before so that many students can afford it. In addition, it is very convenient for us to stud
4、y with the help of computers. For example, e-mails enable us to keep in touch with our teachers and friends. Last but not least, with fast development of the modern society, a computer has become a must for many people. To sum up, low price, convenience and wide use contribute to the increase in the
5、 use of computers.As for me, student use of computers is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it is a good helper in searching for information, drawing pictures, etc. One the other hand, various computer games might distract students from their studies. In brief, computers can serve us well if the
6、y are used in the right way. 學生使用電腦 如圖表所示,學生花在電腦上的時間從每周1995小時增加到四小時, 從1990小時增加到了 12小時。特別是,這個數(shù)字在 2002上升到 每周14小時。導致這一變化的原因有三個。首先,計算機的價格比以前低得多,所 以許多學生買得起。止匕外,在電腦的幫助下學習是非常方便的。例如, 電子郵件使我們能夠與我們的老師和朋友保持聯(lián)系。最后但并非最不重要的一點是,隨著現(xiàn)代社會的迅速發(fā)展,計算機已成為許多人的必 用之物??傊土膬r格,便利的使用和廣泛的使用有助于計算機 的使用增加。對我來說,學生使用電腦是把雙刃劍。一方面,它是搜索信息
7、、畫畫等的好幫手;另一方面,各種各樣的電腦游戲可能分散學生學習的注 意力。簡言之,如果計算機被正確使用,計算機就能很好地為我們服 務。參考范文(2)Student Use of ComputersAs is clearly shown in the chart, the average number of hours a student spent on computers increased from two to four hours per week from 1990 to 1995. Especially, the number reached approximately 14 ho
8、ur per week in 2002. Why are there such great changes during these days?There are three factors leading to this phenomenon. Firstly, because of the sharp decline in the price of computers, most college students can afford one. Secondly, the Internet provides access to various kinds of informationstu
9、dents areinterested in. Finally, playing computer games or surfing online is relaxing. To sum up, low price, easy access to information and wide use make students use computers a lot.As for me, computers do bring convenience to students; however, it is no good fro students to spend too much time cha
10、tting online or playing computer games. In brief, in spite of the problems concerning the use of computers, we can t deny that computers are of more merits than defects. 學生使用電腦如圖表所示,學生花在電腦上的平均時間從每周1995小時增加到四小時,從 1990小時增加到了 1小時。特別是,在 2002 ,這個數(shù)字每周大約達到 14小時。為什么這些天有這么 大的變化?導致這種現(xiàn)象的原因有三個。首先,由于計算機價格的急劇下降,大
11、多數(shù)大學生都能負擔得 起。第二,因特網(wǎng)提供學生對各種信息的興趣。最后,玩電腦游戲或上網(wǎng)是放松??傊?廉的價格,容易獲取信息和廣泛使用使學生們大量使用計算機。對我來說,電腦確實給學生帶來了方便,然而,學生花太多時間上網(wǎng)聊天或玩電腦游戲是沒有好處的。簡言之,盡管計算機使用方面有問題,但我們不能否認計算機的優(yōu)點多于缺點。Financial Sources of College Students.描述中美大學生經(jīng)濟資助狀況.分析這種狀況的成因.預測中國大學生經(jīng)濟資助的可能變化-examineesfinancial sourcesAmerican StudentsChinese Studentspa
12、rents45%90%Part-time jobs40%5%scholarship15%5%Sample 1Financial Sources of College StudentsFrom the table, we can see clearly that Chinese college students and their American peers rely on different financial sources for their life and study. About 90% of Chinese students get money from their parent
13、s. In contrast, only 45% of American students resort to this way. About 40% of American students depend on part-time jobs for income, but only 5% of Chinese students do so. Scholarship is the financial source for 15% of American students, whereas only for 5% of Chinese students.There are several rea
14、sons leading to this difference. On the one hand, independence is greatly honored in American society, and students would be proud to depend on themselves. Besides, they have a more flexible schedule so they can have more time to do part-time jobs. On the other hand, some Chinese students take their
15、 parents financial support for granted. Similarly, parents believe it s their duty to finance their children s educationI think with the reform in college education, this tendency in China may be changed. The widespread adoption of credit-system will give Chinese students more time and flexibility t
16、o pursue part-time jobs and get more independence from their parents. Also, with the passage of time, both the students and the parents ideas will change greatly. Thus, more and more Chinese college students are sure to rely on themselves rather than on their parents for finance.示例1大學生財務來源從表中我們可以清楚地
17、看到,中國大學生和美國同齡人依靠不同 的金融來源來學習和生活。大約90%的中國學生從父母那里得到錢。 相比之下,只有45%的美國學生采用這種方式。大約 40%的美國學 生依靠兼職來獲得收入,但只有5%的中國學生這樣做。獎學金是15%的美國學生的經(jīng)濟來源,而只有 5%的中國學生。導致這種差異的原因有好幾個。一方面,獨立在美國社會中受到 極大的尊重,學生們將為依靠自己而自豪。此外,他們有更靈活的時 間表,以便他們有更多的時間做兼職工作。另一方面,一些中國學生 把父母的經(jīng)濟資助視為理所當然。同樣,父母認為他們有責任為孩子 的教育提供資金。我認為大學教育的改革,在中國這種趨勢可能會改變。普遍采用 學分
18、制將使中國學生有更多的時間和靈活性來從事兼職工作,并從父母那里獲得更多的獨立性。而且,隨著時間的推移,學生和家長的觀 念都會發(fā)生很大的變化。因此,越來越多的中國大學生要依靠自己, 而不是依靠父母來理財。Sample 2Financial Sources of College StudentsAccording to the table, the number of Chinese students who get money from their parents doubles that of American ones, 45% and 90% respectively. But the p
19、ercentage of American students who depend on part-time jobs is much larger than that of Chinese ones. It can also be seen clearly that scholarship is the financial source for 15% of American students, while only for 5% of Chinese students.Several factors can account for the above difference. For one
20、 thing, independence is highly honored in American society and students take great pride in self-reliance. For another, American students have a more flexible schedule so they can have more time to do part-time jobs. Another contributing factor is that both Chinese students and their parents take pa
21、rents financial support for granted.The tendency for Chinese college students to rely on their parents for finance may be changed. The widespread adoption of credit-system will give Chinese students more time and flexibility to pursue part-time jobs and get more independence from their parents. What
22、 s more, great changes may take place not only in the students ideas but also in their parents , which, in turn, will lead Chinese students to regard it as a pride to be self-reliant.大學生財務來源根據(jù)表格,中國學生從父母那里得到的錢是美國學生的兩倍,分別是 45%和90%。但是,依賴兼職工作的美國學生的比例要比中國學生高很多。也可以清楚地看到,獎學金是15%的美國學生的金融來源,而只有 5%的中國學生。有幾個因素
23、可以解釋上述差異。一方面,獨立在美國社會中備受尊敬,學生們?yōu)樽粤Ω?生感到自豪。另一方面,美國學生有更靈活的時間表,以便他們有更多的時間做兼職工作。另一個原因是中國學生和他們的父母都把父母的經(jīng)濟資助視為理所當然。中國大學生依靠父母理財?shù)膬A向可能會改變。普遍采用學分制將使中國學生有更多的時間和靈活性來從事兼職工作,并從父母那里獲得更多的獨立性。更重要的是,不僅在學生的觀念上,而且在他們的父母身上, 也會發(fā)生巨大的變化, 這將引導中國學生把它看作是自立的驕傲。如何用英語描述圖表一、圖表類型基本單詞圖表類型:table(表格)、chart(圖表)、diagram(圖標)、graph(多指曲線圖卜 c
24、olumn chart( 柱狀圖)、pie graph( 餅圖)、tree diagram( 樹孩向)、餅圖:pie chart、直方圖或柱形圖:bar chart/histogram、趨勢曲線圖:linechart/curve diagram 、表格圖:table、流程圖或過程圖:flow chart/sequence diagram、程序圖:processing/procedures diagram、圖表描述基本詞語描述:show、describe、川ustrate 、can be seen from 、clear、apparent 、 reveal、represent2、內(nèi)容:figur
25、e、statistic、number、percentage、proportion三、常用的描述句型The table/chart diagram/graph shows (that)According to the table/chart diagram/graphAs (is) shown in the table/chart diagram/graphAs can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures,figures/statistics shows (that) It can be seen from the figures/statisticsWe can see from the figures/statisticsIt is clear from the figures/statisticsIt is apparent from the figures/statisticstable/chart/diagram/graph figures (that) table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illu
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