2022年山東工商學(xué)院自考英語(yǔ)（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）

1、 2022年山東工商學(xué)院自考英語(yǔ)（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes_. The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53，000 people die in the United

2、States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke. A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke. B、In the United States，nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker. C、This smoke is called secondhand smoke. D、No on

3、e knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正確答案】C【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸煙者時(shí)常吸入他人香煙中冒出的煙，接下來應(yīng)首選對(duì)此煙加以定義的句子。第2題【單選題】【2009.7】An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his work _. A、personally B、scarcely C、respectively D、responsibly【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查副詞意義區(qū)分。【譯文】如果一個(gè)員工做工作總是認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)，他就是完全可信賴的?！驹敿?xì)解答】A 親自

4、地; B 幾乎不; C 個(gè)別地; D 可靠地第3題【單選題】【完成句子】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals

5、 are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to _. A、the persistence of heavy metals B、industrially polluted soils C、naturally polluted soils D、rock and soil chemistry【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段提到：受到污染的土壤含有重金屬，而且重金屬很穩(wěn)

6、定，不容易降解，所以要對(duì)重金屬進(jìn)行徹底的清除。答案選擇A。第4題【單選題】【2010.04】We have greatly _ the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion. A、stimulated B、perceived C、obscured D、simplified【正確答案】D【答案解析】【譯文】 按照主席的提議我們已經(jīng)大大地簡(jiǎn)化了步驟。【試題分析】本題考查詞義辨析?！驹敿?xì)解答】 動(dòng)詞的詞義選取。第5題【單選題】【2010.04】There is something wrong with my mobile phone. I m

7、ust have it _. A、repair B、to repair C、repairing D、repaired【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。選擇過去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)以及動(dòng)作的完成。【譯文】我的手機(jī)有毛病了，我一定要修好它（手機(jī)）。第6題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon; but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it

8、does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gravitational pull that a body produces depends on the amount of material in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large a

9、s the moon, or the earth, or the sun.We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter because A、it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own. B、its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it. C、its pull disappears in the presence of the earths gravitation. D、it tends to melt an

10、d loses its gravitational pull.【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題定位詞是not feelpacket of butter，找到原文中A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.所以答案是B。C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在disappear。第7題【單選題】As activity carried _ as one

11、 thinks fit in ones spare time, leisure has several functions A、on B、out C、off D、over【正確答案】B【答案解析】此題考查對(duì)關(guān)于carry的短語(yǔ)的掌握情況。carry on繼續(xù)(做某事)；carry out進(jìn)行，實(shí)行，落實(shí)；carry off贏得；carry over將某事延后。第8題【單選題】【2009.10】The room was quiet, _ the occasional coughing from my throat. A、in case B、except for C、by far D、instea

12、d of【正確答案】B第9題【單選題】【概括大意】Many of lifes failures, the supreme innovator said, are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up. Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did

13、 his experiments work.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Importance of learning from failure B、Never a successful man gives up C、It is important to fail for a successful man D、EdisonS comment on failure【正確答案】D【答案解析】通過應(yīng)用部分可以看出這段文字的主題是愛迪生對(duì)失敗的評(píng)論。因此選擇D。第10題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The riches of the sea yet to be

14、developed by mans technology are impressive. Oil and gas explorations have existed for nearly thirty years. Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.According to the author, technology is important because _. A、resources on land are running short in ten ye

15、ars B、man can use it to explore the deeper sea C、it is a lot of fun diving into the sea D、ancient people used it to explore the sea【正確答案】B【答案解析】本段第一句作者提到The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impressive，人類利用技術(shù)可以開發(fā)的海洋資源是驚人的。段末說到：Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, cop

16、per and so on exist on the ocean floor. 然而，大量有價(jià)值的礦物均還埋藏于海底。如鐵，銅等等。其他三項(xiàng)都沒有提到。第11題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Rhythm in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certain elements of writing: a word, a phrase, an idea, a sound, or a grammatical construction. We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alt

17、ernate heavy and light beats in music. Our love for rhythm seems to be innate: witness the responses of a small child to lively music. Children love to beat on toy drums or empty boxes. They stamp their feet and chant nursery rhymes or nonsense syllables, not unlike primitive dancers. As children gr

18、ow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm, but our love of rhythm remains. We live in rhythms; in fact we are governed by rhythms.According to the passage, an adults reaction to rhythm in music would probably be _. A、uninhibited B、indifferent C、restrained D、responsible【正確答案】C【答

19、案解析】該題的解題依據(jù)在本段結(jié)尾部分“As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm”。作者講：隨著孩子的年齡逐漸增大，大人就會(huì)教他們抑制對(duì)節(jié)奏的反應(yīng)，等他們長(zhǎng)大之后，他們對(duì)音樂節(jié)奏的反應(yīng)，更可能受到抑制。第12題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】For any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed. Strong unions keep them there. In Fleet Street, home of some o

20、f Londons biggest dailies, it is understood that when two unions quarrel over three jobs the argument is settled by giving each union two. That means 33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained.What happens when disputes over job opportunities arise among British u

21、nions? A、Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work. B、More jobs will be created by the union. C、More people will be employed than necessary. D、The unions will try to increase productivity.【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段開頭告訴讀者“there are more men than are neededwhen two unions quarrel over three jobs,

22、the argument is settled by giving each union two”，接下來作者又進(jìn)一步說明其實(shí)質(zhì)，即它意味著“33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained”。第13題【單選題】【2009.04】We _ go out to restaurants, but mostly we eat at home. A、occasionally B、relatively C、continually D、absolutely【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查副詞意義辨

23、析。譯文：我們偶爾外出去餐館吃飯，但通常是在家吃飯。詳細(xì)解答：A 偶爾地、偶然地、不經(jīng)常；B 相對(duì)地、比較地；C 持續(xù)地、不間斷地；D 完全地。第14題【單選題】【2010.04】We should _ this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance. A、bear B、put C、place D、print【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查詞匯題?！咀g文】 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)牢牢記?。翰灰悦踩∪?。詳細(xì)解答】牢記在心：bear in mind 或者keep in mind第15題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Before you begin your t

24、alk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.Q: To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。文章說到：Avoid milk or

25、creamy drinks which coat your throat. 避免喝牛奶和奶油飲料。第16題【單選題】The book fair has received a positive _ from readers. A、result B、response C、settlement D、solution【正確答案】B【答案解析】題目意思：書市受到讀者的積極的反響。本題是詞義選擇題。A 結(jié)果，效果 B 反應(yīng)，回答 C 解決，協(xié)議 D 解決，解答 第17題【單選題】【概括大意】Many of lifes failures, the supreme innovator said, are pe

26、ople who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up. Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Importance of learning

27、 from failure B、Never a successful man gives up C、It is important to fail for a successful man D、EdisonS comment on failure【正確答案】D【答案解析】通過應(yīng)用部分可以看出這段文字的主題是愛迪生對(duì)失敗的評(píng)論。因此選擇D。第18題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function and genetics, in th

28、eir development and production of the young and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but someti

29、mes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a living thing may have the ability_. A、to create an environment

30、 of its own B、to remain still when an enemy is near C、to make food from inorganic chemicals D、to change the color of its skin【正確答案】A【答案解析】作者舉例，證明觀點(diǎn)；例子不需要看懂，關(guān)鍵要看論據(jù)；一般論點(diǎn)在前（前一句或段落首句），論據(jù)在后。第19題【單選題】Would you like _down and play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up ? A、get B、getting C、to g

31、et D、got【正確答案】C【答案解析】would like to do固定搭配，想要做某事/愿意做某事。答案選C。第20題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians (百歲老人) get asked all the time：“How did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community A、True B、False C、Not Given

32、【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。題目說的是“這五位百歲老人生活在一個(gè)非常友好的社區(qū)”，文章開頭部分提到了“community(社區(qū))”，但該句并沒有說這五位百歲老人生活的社區(qū)是否是一個(gè)友好的社區(qū)，因此判斷問題句的信息在文章中沒有提到。第21題【單選題】【2009.01】Whenever I go out to dinner with him, I always_paying the bill. A、end up B、arrive at C、drop out D、give off【正確答案】A【答案解析】句意：每當(dāng)我與他外出吃飯，最后總是我付賬?？疾槎陶Z(yǔ)意義區(qū)分。 A 以而告終；B 達(dá)到，取

33、得；C 不參加，隱退；D 散發(fā)。 第22題【單選題】【2009.7】The house was quiet in the night, _ the occasional coughing from my throat. A、as for B、such as C、instead of D、except for【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查短語(yǔ)意義區(qū)分。譯文：除了偶爾我咳嗽一下以外，這所房子在夜晚非常安靜。A 至于，關(guān)于； B 例如；C 代替，而不是；D 除了以外第23題【單選題】【2009.10】Poor speaker of English though he was at the tim

34、e, he still managed to make himself _. A、understand B、understood C、understanding D、to understand【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查語(yǔ)法。那個(gè)時(shí)候雖然他說英語(yǔ)說得不好，但仍然可以讓別人聽懂。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的選用。過去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)以及動(dòng)作的完成。第24題【單選題】【2009.01】The twin sisters were identical_ appearance and character. A、of B、with C、in D、to【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查介詞詞義。句意：這對(duì)雙胞

35、胎姐妹的面容和性格都一模一樣。be identical to/ with 完全相同的，一模一樣的。本題要說明在某個(gè)方面是一樣的，故選C。 第25題【單選題】【2009.04】_Tom has done really amazed everyone in his class. A、What B、Which C、That D、Who【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查主語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。譯文：湯姆所做的事情使得他班里的每個(gè)同學(xué)都感到吃驚。詳細(xì)解答：what Tom has done指湯姆所做的事情；B 哪一個(gè)；C （無詞義）；D 誰。第26題【單選題】【概括大意】The key to garde

36、ning with kids, says Patti Kraemer-Doell, family garden coordinator at the New York Botanical Gardens, is “Letting them experience it themselves. We have tried to guide them, but not tell them to put the sunflowers here and the tomatoes there. The emphasis is on developing their imagination and thei

37、r appreciation for being out in the garden.”The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Different Kinds of Gardens. B、Kinds of Plants in s Home Garden C、The Most Important Point in Family Gardening D、How to plan sunflowers and tomatoes【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段指出家庭園藝的主旨是讓孩子去體驗(yàn)，培養(yǎng)他們的想象力和鑒賞力。所以答案為C。第27題【單選題】If you ar

38、e walking away from a clock tower，you will hear the ticking of the clock fade to a point _ it cannot be heard A、which B、what C、where D、how【正確答案】C【答案解析】譯文：如果你從鐘塔旁走過你將會(huì)聽到滴答聲，直到你走遠(yuǎn)。此題考查定語(yǔ)從句。where在定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，先行詞是a point。第28題【單選題】【2009.7】The house was quiet in the night, _ the occasional coughing from my

39、 throat. A、as for B、such as C、instead of D、except for【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查短語(yǔ)意義區(qū)分。譯文：除了偶爾我咳嗽一下以外，這所房子在夜晚非常安靜。A 至于，關(guān)于； B 例如；C 代替，而不是；D 除了以外第29題【單選題】【2010.04】What her grandfather said left a _ impression on her mind. She still remembers it. A、final B、vague C、deep D、main【正確答案】C【答案解析】譯文：她爺爺說的事情給她留下深刻的印象，她仍然還

40、記得。本題考查詞匯。形容詞意義區(qū)分題。final 最終的，vague 模糊的，deep 深的，main 主要的。第30題【單選題】【完成句子】Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictability（不可預(yù)知）factor of

41、the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist（性別歧視的）nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.The main consideration of using males and females names for hurricanes is _. A、the timely（及時(shí)的）discovery B、its uncertainty C、sex equality D、its connection with humans【正確答案】C【答案解

42、析】依靠原文（利用（male, female）names作為答案線索詞）中最后一句判斷答案為C（與性別有關(guān)）。第31題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.Q: To solve the problem of dry mouths, one

43、is advised to take cool milk. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。文章說到：Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. 避免喝牛奶和奶油飲料。第32題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】The future is much too important to simply guess about, the way the high school students did. _ by carefully studying the present, skilled busi

44、nessmen, scientists, and politicians are supposedly able to figure out in advance what will happen. A、The stock market had its worst losses ever B、Buildings would rotate so they could follow the sun to take maximum advantage of its light and heat C、So experts are regularly asked to predict accuratel

45、y D、The article was written in 1958【正確答案】C【答案解析】第一句說的是：預(yù)測(cè)未來很重要，不能像中學(xué)生那樣猜測(cè)。這一空的關(guān)鍵詞是experts，他們不同于中學(xué)生，他們的預(yù)測(cè)應(yīng)該是較為準(zhǔn)確的。第33題【單選題】【2009.04】The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just _. A、tentative B、valid C、technical D、thorough【正確答案】A【答案解析】譯文：這項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)論不是一定的；它只是試探性的。試題分析：形容詞詞義選擇題。詳細(xì)解答：A 不確定的、試探性

46、的；B 正當(dāng)?shù)?、有根?jù)的、有效的；C 技術(shù)性的、專門技術(shù)的；D 徹底的、十足的。第34題【單選題】【2010.04】The student _ described the beautiful mountains and rivers in his home town. A、artificially B、vividly C、critically D、viciously【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查副詞的詞義辨析。這個(gè)學(xué)生生動(dòng)地描述了他的家鄉(xiāng)美麗的山河。第35題【單選題】【2008.04】New drivers are far more _ to have accidents than exp

47、erienced drivers. A、possible B、likely C、probable D、unlikely【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查形容詞辨析。句子翻譯：新司機(jī)比起有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老司機(jī)出交通事故的可能性要大得多。 A. 可能（發(fā)生、存在）的; B. 有可能 be likely to ; C. 大概的、可能的; D不可能的 應(yīng)用舉例：Ill do everything possible to help you. 我會(huì)盡一切可能幫助你。He is likely to arrive a bit late. 他有可能會(huì)晚到一會(huì)兒。第36題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Its now social

48、ly acceptable, even fashionable, to live alone. As people get better jobs and become financially independent, it becomes possible for them to maintain a one-person household. _. However, people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more often. A、Theres more pressure to get mar

49、ried nowadays. B、The growing number of women with good jobs has done much to increase the number of people living alone. C、It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream. D、More and more Americans are living alone.【正確答案】B【答案解析】前句中提到“經(jīng)濟(jì)獨(dú)立”有可能造成保持一個(gè)人的家庭生活，B中的“婦女有好的工作，增加了獨(dú)身的人數(shù)”與前

50、句內(nèi)容正好呼應(yīng)。第37題【單選題】【2009.01】Whenever I go out to dinner with him, I always_paying the bill. A、end up B、arrive at C、drop out D、give off【正確答案】A【答案解析】句意：每當(dāng)我與他外出吃飯，最后總是我付賬?？疾槎陶Z(yǔ)意義區(qū)分。 A 以而告終；B 達(dá)到，取得；C 不參加，隱退；D 散發(fā)。 第38題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】There is a difference between science and technology. _. Science has to do with

51、 discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science. A、Another distinction between science

52、 and technology has to do with the progress in each. B、We are all familiar with the improper use of technology. C、Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor. D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practica

53、l problems.【正確答案】D【答案解析】第一句總述了科學(xué)和技術(shù)是有差別的。缺空后是對(duì)兩者的分述，因此缺空處也應(yīng)是對(duì)兩者的分述，故選D。第39題【單選題】【2007.04】The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its _ considerably. A、distribution B、contribution C、prescription D、circulation【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。circulation：（書報(bào)雜志的）銷售量，發(fā)行額，銷路。符合句意。 第40題【單選題】【2009.

54、04】_Tom has done really amazed everyone in his class. A、What B、Which C、That D、Who【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查主語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。譯文：湯姆所做的事情使得他班里的每個(gè)同學(xué)都感到吃驚。詳細(xì)解答：what Tom has done指湯姆所做的事情；B 哪一個(gè)；C （無詞義）；D 誰。第41題【單選題】【2007.04】It is difficult to _ the implication between the lines. A、get to B、get with C、get at D、get down【正

55、確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞組辨析。A. 開始，接觸； C. 找出，發(fā)現(xiàn)； D. 下來，寫下來。 第42題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】 Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are worki

56、ng _. A、to take tiny chips we require B、to making chips any smaller C、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 seconds D、of conducting electricity【正確答案】C【答案解析】這部分所說的體積的減小和所需時(shí)間的縮短恰好與前半句中提到的冰箱大小的體積和所需數(shù)分鐘的時(shí)間形成了對(duì)比。即：目前它大約像冰箱那么大，而且要用幾分鐘掃描一個(gè)電路，但是他們正在努力使它縮小到臺(tái)式計(jì)算機(jī)那么大，把掃

57、描時(shí)間縮短到30秒。第43題【單選題】【2008.04】The farming methods have been _ improved with the invention of the new machine. A、efficiently B、proficiently C、professionally D、intentionally【正確答案】A【答案解析】【譯文】由于新機(jī)器的發(fā)明，人們已經(jīng)高效率地改進(jìn)了農(nóng)業(yè)耕種方法?！驹囶}分析】本題考查副詞詞義辨析?！驹敿?xì)解答】 A 高效率地 B熟練地 C 職業(yè)地、專職地 D 故意地、有意地。第44題【單選題】【2008.10】It took a few

58、 seconds for her eyes to _ to the darkness. A、allocate B、adopt C、apply D、adjust【正確答案】D第45題【單選題】【2010.04】Experts have found that normal sleep can be divided into five _ stages. A、moderate B、initial C、distinct D、advanced【正確答案】C【答案解析】【譯文】專家們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)正常的睡眠可以分為五個(gè)不同的階段?！驹囶}分析】本題考查詞匯?！驹敿?xì)解答】形容詞的詞義選取。第46題【單選題】【200

59、9.01】Modern economics _the countrys agricultural policies. A、undergoes B、understands C、underlies D、undertakes【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)是國(guó)家農(nóng)業(yè)政策的基礎(chǔ)?？疾樾谓鼊?dòng)詞詞義。A 經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受；B 了解；C 成為的基礎(chǔ)；D 承擔(dān)，保證。 第47題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitab

60、le toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws(七巧板) and construction toys; painting, scribbling(涂鴉) and making things; Sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first so