2022年中央財經(jīng)大學(xué)自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）

1、 2022年中央財經(jīng)大學(xué)自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents. Whether this works in humans is still unknown partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.According to the passage, we do not k

2、now whether humans will benefit from taking in fewer calories partly because_. A、humans, worms and rodents are different. B、most people are not willing to be put on a strict diet. C、the effect is not known. D、genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans.【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題答案可從本段的最后一句話中找出。第2

3、題【單選題】【2008.10】Johnson was _ unknown before running for the presidency. A、visibly B、visually C、vertically D、virtually【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查（形近的）副詞詞義區(qū)分。譯文：事實上，約翰遜在參選總統(tǒng)職位之前是個無名人士。A 顯然，明顯地 B 外表上，直觀地 C 垂直地，直立地 D 實際上，事實上第3題【單選題】【填句補文】There is a difference between science and technology. _. Science has to do w

4、ith discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science. A、Another distinction between scie

5、nce and technology has to do with the progress in each. B、We are all familiar with the improper use of technology. C、Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor. D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving pract

6、ical problems.【正確答案】D【答案解析】第一句總述了科學(xué)和技術(shù)是有差別的。缺空后是對兩者的分述，因此缺空處也應(yīng)是對兩者的分述，故選D。第4題【單選題】【2007.04】Having decided to rent a flat, we _ contacting housing agencies in the city. A、set about B、set down C、set out D、set up【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查關(guān)于set的短語。contacting housing agencies：聯(lián)系房屋中介。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該選set about。set about：開始

7、做某事。set down：放下，擱下；記下，記載，寫下。set out：出發(fā)，開始，后面跟to do sth。set up：建立（事業(yè)）；成立（組織）；為某人提供必需品或有用的東西。 第5題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】On the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job. Top posts would be dominated by the

8、 same few individuals, making career progress more difficult. And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?All of the following are possible effects living longer might have on working life EXCEPT_. A、Communication between employers and employees would

9、be more difficult. B、More money would be used by employees in payment of their employees. C、The job market would be more competitive. D、It would be more difficult for young people to be promoted to top positions.【正確答案】B【答案解析】是非判斷題。對照原文第九自然段On the other hand, more people working for longer would crea

10、te greater competition for jobs.排除選項C；It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job.排除選項D；And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?排除選項A；答案是B。第6題【單選題】【2009.04】Ive got the order from the boss that the work _ finished before 5 p.m.

11、today. A、would be B、be C、will have been D、could be【正確答案】B【答案解析】譯文：我已經(jīng)從老板那得到指令，這項工作在今天下午五點鐘之前要完成。試題分析：本題考查名詞從句中的虛擬語氣。詳細解答：that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，說明order的內(nèi)容。同時從句要用虛擬語氣，從句謂語用should+動詞原形的形式，should 可以省略。第7題【單選題】【2009.7】The house was quiet in the night, _ the occasional coughing from my throat. A、as for B、such as C、

12、instead of D、except for【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查短語意義區(qū)分。譯文：除了偶爾我咳嗽一下以外，這所房子在夜晚非常安靜。A 至于，關(guān)于； B 例如；C 代替，而不是；D 除了以外第8題【單選題】【2007.04】Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to be _. A、shut down B、done away C、gone off D、called off【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。call off：取消，符合句意。shut down：關(guān)閉（工廠）；（工廠）停工，關(guān)閉。do away常與w

13、ith搭配，構(gòu)成do away with。go off：爆炸，（鬧鈴）響。 第9題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Income may be national income and personal income. Whereas national income is defined as the total earned income of all the factors of production namely, profits, interest, rent, wages, and other compensation for labor, personal income may be defin

14、ed as total money income received by individuals before personal taxes are paid. National income does not equal GNP because the factors of production do not receive payment for either capital consumption allowances or indirect business taxes, both of which are included in GNP. The money put aside fo

15、r capital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as income. Indirect taxes include sales taxes, property taxes, and excise taxes that are paid by businesses directly to the government and so reduce the income left to pay for the factors of production. Three-fourths of national income

16、 goes for wages, salaries, and other forms of compensation to employees.Which of the following statements is true according to the paragraph? A、GNP equals national income plus indirect business taxes. B、GNP excludes both capital consumption allowances and indirect business taxes. C、Personal income i

17、s regarded as the total money income received by an individual after his or her taxes are paid. D、The money that goes for capital consumption is not regarded as income.【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題的依據(jù)是本段的The money put aside for capital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as income.這個句子。對原句的詞語選項

18、D用了別的表達方法，但大意仍保持不變。第10題【單選題】【2008.04】It has been found that a strong _ help overcome the effects of distraction. A、interruption B、motivation C、evaluation D、destination【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查名詞詞義區(qū)分。 A. 打擾、中；斷 B. 動機、誘因； C. 評估、評價； D. 目的地、終點。整句話的意思是：人們發(fā)現(xiàn)一個很強的動機可以幫助克服干擾物的影響。第11題【單選題】【填句補文】The smoke that comes

19、from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmokers health. _. They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic （有毒的） chemicals in their bodies. A、The Gilsons have been married f

20、or 35 years. B、Recently, though, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers. C、We cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants. D、In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.【正確答案】B【答案解析】前一句講的是科學(xué)家們過去對二手

21、煙的看法，接下來應(yīng)選表示他們改變觀點的句子，因為下一句表明他們所持的觀點已與過去截然不同。第12題【單選題】【填句補文】“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with the elements,” says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge _. A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table（元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.

22、B、The traditional periodic table was well drawn. C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates.” D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.【正確答案】C【答案解析】這一段是劍橋大學(xué)的Albert Galy的原話，我們可以從引導(dǎo)整個關(guān)鍵點得出答案。即：“地學(xué)化學(xué)家們只想通過直覺判斷元素的活動。我想等高線對學(xué)生們有好處”

23、。第13題【單選題】【2008.10】Country life is better than city life _ it offers fresh air and noiseless environment. A、in that B、as that C、as for D、in which【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查復(fù)合句。句意為：鄉(xiāng)村生活好過城市生活，因為它空氣新鮮且環(huán)境無噪音。in that 是復(fù)合連接詞，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作一個固定詞組。A 在于，原因是，在方面；C. 關(guān)于，至于，舉例：I like the country better in that it is cl

24、oser to nature. 我更喜歡鄉(xiāng)村，因為它更接近自然。第14題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and heal

25、th care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nations health care system. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。問題句說“Hillary的一個競選承諾是改革國家的醫(yī)療制度?！倍径沃皇钦f“女人做教育和醫(yī)療方面的工作有優(yōu)勢”，沒有說Hillary的一個競選承諾式改革國家的醫(yī)療制度，因此問題句的信息在文章中沒有被提到。第15題【單

26、選題】【閱讀選擇】Rhythm in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certain elements of writing: a word, a phrase, an idea, a sound, or a grammatical construction. We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternate heavy and light beats in music. Our love for rhythm seems to be innate: wit

27、ness the responses of a small child to lively music. Children love to beat on toy drums or empty boxes. They stamp their feet and chant nursery rhymes or nonsense syllables, not unlike primitive dancers. As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm, but our love of r

28、hythm remains. We live in rhythms; in fact we are governed by rhythms.According to the passage, an adults reaction to rhythm in music would probably be _. A、uninhibited B、indifferent C、restrained D、responsible【正確答案】C【答案解析】該題的解題依據(jù)在本段結(jié)尾部分“As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their respo

29、nses to rhythm”。作者講：隨著孩子的年齡逐漸增大，大人就會教他們抑制對節(jié)奏的反應(yīng)，等他們長大之后，他們對音樂節(jié)奏的反應(yīng)，更可能受到抑制。第16題【單選題】【2010.04】There is something wrong with my mobile phone. I must have it _. A、repair B、to repair C、repairing D、repaired【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查非謂語動詞的用法。選擇過去分詞作賓語補語，表示被動以及動作的完成?！咀g文】我的手機有毛病了，我一定要修好它（手機）。第17題【單選題】【概括大意】Heavy met

30、als are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also kno

31、wn to cause poisoning. The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、The Nature of Heavy Metals B、Potential Hazards of Human Contaminated Soils C、Heavy Metals and Food Chain D、Research on Channels of Heavy Metals Getting into Human Food Chain【正確答案】B【答案解析】本段文字講的是：受到工業(yè)污染的土壤含有重金屬，而重金屬很穩(wěn)定不容易降解，其中的某些微量重金屬能使人致癌或

32、中毒?？梢钥闯銎渲行膬?nèi)容是：受污染土地的潛在危險，選擇B。第18題【單選題】【2008.10】Johnson was _ unknown before running for the presidency. A、visibly B、visually C、vertically D、virtually【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查（形近的）副詞詞義區(qū)分。譯文：事實上，約翰遜在參選總統(tǒng)職位之前是個無名人士。A 顯然，明顯地 B 外表上，直觀地 C 垂直地，直立地 D 實際上，事實上第19題【單選題】【2009.10】The traffic was held up for more than th

33、irty minutes, _ caused me to arrive late. A、it B、that C、what D、which【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查非限制性定語從句。整句話的意思是：交通阻塞30多分鐘，這使得我到達晚了。第20題【單選題】【2009.7】He would _ that all the classified data should be kept safe when in office. A、assure B、ensure C、insure D、secure【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查動詞意義區(qū)分?！咀g文】他保證在辦公室里的所有機密數(shù)據(jù)處于安全狀態(tài)?！?/p>

34、詳細解答】A 使確信，使有信心；B 確保（某事）發(fā)生，擔(dān)保；C 為投保，給保險；D 安全的，沒有危險的第21題【單選題】【2007.04】It is difficult to _ the implication between the lines. A、get to B、get with C、get at D、get down【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞組辨析。A. 開始，接觸； C. 找出，發(fā)現(xiàn)； D. 下來，寫下來。 第22題【單選題】【2007.04】The book fair has received a positive _ from readers. A、result B、

35、response C、settlement D、solution【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。response：反映，反響。result：結(jié)果，后果。settlement：殖民，移民，定居。solution：解決；解答。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該選response。a positive response：良好的反映。 第23題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】One reason is economic. In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having more children means having

36、 more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different. Many children do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus, industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the case in Italy, which

37、 was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the early part of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate. After World War, Italys economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 c

38、hildren per woman, the worlds lowest.In a traditional agricultural economy, a large family_. A、can be an advantage B、may limit income C、isnt necessary D、is expensive【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。對照本段In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful.大的家庭是有幫助的，選項中最接近意思的是A，成為一個優(yōu)勢，答案是A。第24題【單選題】【填句補

39、文】Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools, but critics say that home-schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life. _. However, most parents dont have the time or the desire to teach their children at home, so schools will continue to

40、 be where most children get their formal education. A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. B、A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school. C、Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers. D、Others believe they can provi

41、de a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home.【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段大意是“對 home schooling 提出了質(zhì)疑”，需要注意前面說到了“critics say”，空格處與之對應(yīng)的是“Critics also say”。第25題【單選題】【2008.04】To understand the sentence, you should analyze its parts _. A、functionally B、widely C、largely D、remarkably【正確

42、答案】A【答案解析】本題考查副詞詞義區(qū)分。為了理解這個句子，你應(yīng)該分析句子各個部分的功能。A. 有用途地、有功能地； B. 寬廣地； C. 大大地； D. 突出地。第26題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】If you enjoy looking through travel books by such familiar authors as Arthur Frommer or Eugene Fodor, it will not surprise you to learn that travel writing has a long and venerable history. Almost from t

43、he earliest annals of recorded time individuals have found ready audiences for their accounts of journeys to strange and exotic locales.This passage is mostly about_. A、why people find travel writing exciting B、the literary style of three early travel writers C、where three early travel writers went

44、and wrote about D、how to write a travel book【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。主旨題。聯(lián)系第一自然段和每段首句知道，本文講了三個作家，鎖定答案B和C，結(jié)合內(nèi)容，文章主要講關(guān)于他們的旅行和作品，答案是C。第27題【單選題】【填句補文】Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools, but critics say that home-schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other peo

45、ple in adult life. _. However, most parents dont have the time or the desire to teach their children at home, so schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education. A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. B、A number of parents pref

46、er not to send their children to school. C、Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers. D、Others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home.【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段大意是“對 home schooling 提出了質(zhì)疑”，需要注意前面說到了“critics say”，空格處與之對應(yīng)的是“Critics

47、also say”。第28題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Parents often decide on the basis of what their children want. Cathy, a mother told us, “My children have packed lunches, because they say they hate school dinners. I make 3 packed lunches every morning, so our kitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning.” However, another

48、 mother, Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food. She said, “My daughter always has school dinners. I think she probably gets healthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if I made a few sandwiches.”Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

49、A、Katz thinks chips are good for his kids. B、Susans daughter likes eating sandwiches. C、Cathy may have at least three children. D、Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。細節(jié)查找并簡單推斷題。從本段，特別是I make 3 packed lunches every morning可知Cathy有三個孩子在上學(xué)，有沒有不上學(xué)的孩子不得而知，故選項C為最佳選項。其他三項均與原文意思不符。第29題【單選題】【完成句

50、子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and stake if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they will grow up the stems, eventually forming a roof over the top. By summers end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.Whe

51、n autumn comes, children can_. A、seed lots of sunflowers B、play games in the sunflower house C、include plants with animal names D、find their own playing section【正確答案】B【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出處，By summers end“夏天結(jié)束的時候”實際上就是When autumn comes“秋天來臨的時候”。答案選擇B。第30題【單選題】【2009.10】The profit-sharing plan is designed

52、 to _ the staff to work hard. A、calculate B、demonstrate C、speculate D、motivate【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查詞語辨析?！咀g文】利潤共享計劃目的是激發(fā)員工努力工作。A 計算、估算 B 證實、論證、演示 C思索、推測 D 激勵、激發(fā)第31題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】It was also in the 1600s that professional ballet began. King Louis XIV of France, himself a devoted dancer, founded the Royal Aca

53、demy of Dance. The five basic feet positions from which all ballet steps begin were finalized. In the late 1700s another important change occurred. Ballet began to tell a story on its own. It was no longer simply dance to be performed between acts of plays. Elaborate wigs and costumes were eliminate

54、d. By the early 1800s dancers learned to rise on their toes to make it appear that they were floating.An important influence in early ballet was_. A、Balanchine B、Marie Antoinette C、Diaghilev D、Louis XIV【正確答案】D【答案解析】答案選D。細節(jié)題。對照原文It was also in the 1600s that professional ballet began. King Louis XIV

55、of France, himself a devoted dancer, founded the Royal Academy of Dance. 這里出現(xiàn)的時間1600s在原文中是比較早的，提到的人物是King Louis XIV，選D。第32題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The children dont just plan any city. They map and analyze（分析） the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and foretell its needs in 10

56、0 years. With the aid of an architect（建筑師）who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations.“Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom,” says the teacher who developed this program. “They are able to use their o

57、wn rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame，because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the final model-building stage of the program, an elected official and planning group make all the design decisions for the model city, and the teacher steps

58、back and becomes an adviser.”An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom _. A、to find out kids creative ideas B、to discuss with the teacher C、to give children lectures D、to help kids with their program【正確答案】D【答案解析】根據(jù)本段中的 With the aid of an architect who visits the classroom once a week，they in

59、vent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations可知答案為D。句中的 aid 意為“幫助”，與 help 同義。第33題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, po

60、lice cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.Q: Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。本題的意思是：救援車輛費了很大勁才把人救出來。此句的意思在最后一句提到了，故選A。第34題【單選題】【2007.04】It is difficult to _ the implication between the lines. A、get to B、get