托福寫作基礎語法--主語從句分析解析課件

1、TOFEL GRAMMARNoun Clause英語基本句型4 雙賓語結構 說明：此結構由“主語+及物謂語動詞+間接賓語（人）+直接賓語（事物）”組成。如： He brings me cookies every day.但若要先說出直接賓語（事物），后說間接賓語（人），則要借助于介詞to或for。如： He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me.用to側重指動作的方向，表示朝著，向著，對著某人。用for 側重指動作的受益者，表示為了某人，替某人。常跟雙賓語的動詞有：（需借助to的）bring, giv

2、e, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等；（需借助for 的） buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。鞏固練習：1Johnson 先生去年教我們德語。 2奶奶昨晚給我們講了一個有趣的故事。 3請把那本字典遞給我好嗎？ Mr. Johnson taught us German last year. Grandma told me an interesting

3、 story last night. Would you please pass me the dictionary?4他把車票給列車員看。 5我替你叫輛出租汽車好嗎？6新式機器將會為你節(jié)省許多勞動。7他用他的第一個月工資給他媽媽買了一件毛衣。He showed the ticket to the conductor.Shall I call you a taxi? The new machine will save you a lot of labour. He bought a new coat for his mother with his first months salary.英語基

4、本句型5 復合賓語結構 說明: 此結構由“主語+及物的謂語動詞+賓語+賓語補足語”構成。賓語與賓語補足語之間有邏輯上的主謂關系或主表關系，若無賓語補足語，則句意不夠完整?？梢杂米鲑e補的有：名詞，形容詞，副詞，介詞短語，動詞不定式，分詞等。如： The sun keeps us warm. I heard him singing.You must get your hair cut. They made Tom monitor.He used to do his homework with his radio on. 用 it 做形式賓語，而將真正的賓語放到賓語補足語的后面，以使句子結構平衡，是

5、英語常用的句型結構方式。即：主語+謂語+it+賓補+真正賓語。如：I found it very pleasant to be with your family.鞏固練習：1我們叫她Alice。2我們大家都認為他是誠實的。 3他們把小偷釋放了。 4我要你把真相告訴我。 They have set the thief free. I want you to tell me the truth. We call her Alice.We all consider him honest.5 .衛(wèi)兵命令我們立即離開。 6. 每天早晨我們都聽到他大聲朗讀英語。 7他每個月理一次發(fā)。8我們不會讓她在晚上外

6、出的。 The guards ordered us to leave at once. Every morning we hear him read English aloud.He has his hair cut once a month. We wont let her go out at night. 12他感到很難跟你交談。 13我認為有可能用另一種方法解題。 14學校定了一條規(guī)則，開始上課時學生要起立。 He felt it very difficult to talk with you.I consider it possible to work out the problemi

7、n another way. The school made it a rule that the students should stand up when class begins. 本節(jié)目標名詞性從句學習掌握并運用主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句簡單句 VS.復合句 簡單句復合句The idea is ridiculous.That the earth is round is ridiculous.He told me the truth.He told me that the earth is round.My theory is a joke.My theory is that t

8、he earth is round.The magazine, National Geography, tells us the common knowledge.The magazine, National Geography, tells us the common knowledge.-名詞性從句四種成分 在英文中，名詞或名詞短語主要充當四種成分：主語、賓語、表語和同位語（見上表第一列）。 如果我們把句子當做名詞來用，分別在另一個句子中作主語、賓語、表語和同位語（見上表第二列），于是構成了四種從句：主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。 因為這四種從句在本質上相當于名詞的作用，所以我

9、們把它們統(tǒng)稱為名詞性從句。 名詞性從句三種句子That the earth is round is a fact. My question is whether people will live on the moon someday. Scientists have argued over the question whether there is life on other planets. I dont know how many letters there are in the English alphabet. 陳述句、一般疑問句、特殊疑問句名詞性從句本質That the earth

10、 is round is a fact. (The earth is round.)My question is whether people will live on the moon someday. (Will people live on the moon someday?)Scientists have argued over the question whether there is life on other planets. (Is there life on other planets?)I dont know how many letters there are in th

11、e English alphabet. (How many letters are there in the English alphabet?)陳述句變名詞性從句 主語從句 He doesnt understand English.很顯然他不懂英語。That he doesnt understand English is obvious.月球本身不發(fā)光這是一個常識。That the moon itself does not give off light is common knowledge. 地球是圓的，這是真理。That the earth is round is a truth.原則在

12、陳述句句首加上that，然后把“that+陳述句”這一結構分別放在另一個句子的四種位置即構成了四種名詞從句。it作形式主語為避免頭重腳輕，常常用it作形式主語置于句首，而將主語從句放在句尾。很顯然他不懂英語。It is obvious that he doesnt understand English.月球本身不發(fā)光這是一個常識。It is common knowledge that the moon itself does not give off light. 地球是圓的，這是真理。It is a truth that the earth is round.你沒通過這次考試真遺憾。It i

13、s a shame/pity that you did not pass the test.常見的主語從句句型 it作形式主語 It is +過去分詞+that從句：Its reported that 據(jù)報道。Its believed that 人們相信。Its generally thought that 人們普遍認為。It should be noted that 應當注意。It has been found that 現(xiàn)已發(fā)現(xiàn)。It must be pointed out that 必須指出。同樣可以這么用的詞有: say, expect, know, estimate, forecas

14、t等。常見的主語從句句型 it作形式主語 It is +形容詞+that從句：It is clear that 顯然。It is possible/ likely that 很可能。It is natural that 很自然。It is certain that 可以相信。It is strange that 奇怪的是。It is fortunate that 幸運的是。It is necessary that 有必要的是。常見的主語從句句型 it作形式主語 It is +名詞短語+that從句：a pity, a shame, an honor, a good idea, no wonder, etc.It is a pity that 可惜的是。It is a fact that 事實是。It is good news that 。真是太好了。It is a good thing that 。真是件好事。It is no wonder that 難怪。It is a shame that 遺憾的是；。真是太不像話了It is an honor that 真榮幸。It is common knowledge that 。是常識。It is my belief that 我相信。It is a miracle that 。真是奇跡。練習時間_ 將下列句子