選修8-Unit-5-Meeting-your-ancestors知識(shí)點(diǎn)課件

1、選修8Unit 5Meeting your ancestors1共 112 頁(yè).詞匯短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)1alternative n. 可能的選擇； adj. 供選擇的；其他的an alternative to. 的替代品alternative energy 可替代能源have no alternative but to do sth.除了做某事別無(wú)選擇= have no choice but to do sth.= have nothing to do but do2共 112 頁(yè)e.g. 除了放棄那個(gè)計(jì)劃，我別無(wú)選擇。I have no alternative but to give up the p

2、lan.= I have no choice but to give up the plan.= I have nothing to do but give up the plan.3共 112 頁(yè)即學(xué)即練(1)Have you got an _ suggestion?你有沒(méi)有其他的建議？(2)We have _.除了繼續(xù)下去，我們沒(méi)有選擇的余地。alternativeno alternative but to go on4共 112 頁(yè)2interrupt vi. 打岔=cut in 插嘴， 打斷 vt. 暫時(shí)中斷或中止 interrupt sb. 打斷某人的講話或正在做的事 disturb

3、 sb.打擾某人 interruption n. 中斷，打斷 without interruption 不間斷地5共 112 頁(yè)即學(xué)即練(1)Dont _ me while Im busy.我正忙著，不要打攪我。(2)Traffic in the city _ a snowstorm.市內(nèi)交通被暴風(fēng)雪所阻斷。interruptwas interrupted by6共 112 頁(yè)3assume v. 假定；設(shè)想assumption n. 假定，假設(shè)assume sb. / sth. to be 假定 某人 / 某事為 sb. assume thatclause 某人認(rèn)為It is assumed

4、 that 人們認(rèn)為 assuming that.suppose/supposing that 假設(shè)7共 112 頁(yè)即學(xué)即練(1)You _ his innocence before hearing the evidence against him.You _ him _ innocent before hearing the evidence against him.You _ he is innocent before hearing the evidence against him.在聽(tīng)到對(duì)他不利的證言前，你假定他是無(wú)罪的。assumeassumeto beassume that8共 1

5、12 頁(yè)(2)_/_/_ (that) it rains, what shall we do? 假如下雨的話，我們?cè)趺崔k？Assuming SupposeSupposing9共 112 頁(yè)4somehow adv. 用某種方法，不知怎么地， 不知為什么somehow adv. 在句中做狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞，位置比較靈活somewhat 稍微，有點(diǎn)anyhow 無(wú)論如何anyway 無(wú)論如何；不管怎樣；用任何方式10共 112 頁(yè)即學(xué)即練(1)_ he was afraid of her.不知為什么，他怕她。(2)Dont worry, well get the money back _.別擔(dān)心，我們總

6、會(huì)把那些錢(qián)拿回來(lái)的。Somehowsomehow11共 112 頁(yè)(3)I was _ surprised.我有點(diǎn)兒吃驚。(4)It may rain, but we shall go _.可能要下雨，不過(guò)我們照走不誤。somewhatanyway12共 112 頁(yè)5arrest n. 逮捕；拘留vt. 逮捕；吸引arrest sb. for 因而逮捕某人get arrested 遭逮捕arrest ones attention 引起注意即學(xué)即練(1)Embry _ stealing cars.恩布里因?yàn)橥弟?chē)而被捕了。was arrested for13共 112 頁(yè)6regardless o

7、f 不管；不顧in spite of 盡管；不管=despite 不管；盡管in regard to/of. 關(guān)于with regard to 關(guān)于regarding prep. 關(guān)于14共 112 頁(yè)提示：regardless of, in spite of和 despite 是介詞短語(yǔ)，后跟名詞。即學(xué)即練(1)They decorated the house _ the high cost. 他們不惜高額的費(fèi)用裝修房子。(2)They continued to work _ the fact that it was raining. 盡管天在下雨，他們還繼續(xù)工作。regardless of

8、regardless of15共 112 頁(yè)7at most至多at (the) most至多，不超過(guò)at (the) least至少，不低于；無(wú)論如何most of all尤其，特別make the most of(make full use of)充分利用not in the least(not at all)一點(diǎn)也不16共 112 頁(yè)即學(xué)即練(1)I can pay you 10 pounds _.我最多付給你10英鎊。(2)There were only 30 people at the meeting _.最多只有30個(gè)人參加了那個(gè)會(huì)議。(3)It will cost _ 150.這

9、至少價(jià)值150英鎊。at (the) mostat (the) mostat least17共 112 頁(yè)8cut up 切碎；割碎cut down 砍掉，砍倒；縮減，減少，削減cut through 剪斷，鑿穿；抄近路穿過(guò)cut out 剪下，切掉，割掉；刪除；住口cut in 插嘴，插入；打斷(談話)cut off 切掉；割掉；剪下，刪去；切斷，斷 絕；使分離，使隔絕；打斷，(突然)中止，中斷cut away 去掉；切掉；砍掉18共 112 頁(yè)即學(xué)即練(1)_ the carrots before you put them into the pot.把胡蘿卜切碎后再放進(jìn)鍋內(nèi)。The coo

10、k _ the meat for the pie.這廚師將肉切碎做肉餅。Cut upcut up19共 112 頁(yè)(2)用適當(dāng)?shù)慕椤⒏痹~填空You wont be cutting _ the office staff, then?The gas has been cut_.John and his brother were arguing so their mother told them to cut it _ and go to bed.Mr. Davis cut _ to ask if anyone would like a drink.He cut _ the old branches

11、 from the tree.downoffoutinaway20共 112 頁(yè)9look ahead 向前看；為將來(lái)打算look back 回顧；回想look after 照顧，照料look up 仰視，查閱look up to sb. 尊敬某人look down on/upon sb. 輕視；瞧不起look into sth. 調(diào)查look over 瀏覽檢查，察看look through 翻閱，查找21共 112 頁(yè)即學(xué)即練(1)Just _ and youll see a tower.只要向前望去，你就可以看到一座塔。(2)It is better to _ and get prepa

12、red than to _ and regret.寧可展望未來(lái)做好準(zhǔn)備也不要回顧過(guò)去來(lái)懊悔。(3)We must _ before we make a decision.我們作出決定之前必須想得遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)。look aheadlook aheadlook backlook ahead22共 112 頁(yè)10date back to追溯到；上溯到 date back todate from因追溯是從現(xiàn)在算起指向過(guò)去，所以這個(gè)短語(yǔ)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，也沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。23共 112 頁(yè)即學(xué)即練(1)This custom _ the 16th century.這風(fēng)俗起源于16世紀(jì)。(2)This is an

13、old building _ the 16th century.這是一棟追溯至16世紀(jì)的古老建筑物。(3)This town _ Roman times.這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)可追溯到羅馬時(shí)代。dates back todating back todates back to24共 112 頁(yè)11.significance n意義；重要性 significant adj. 重要的；有意義的be of great / no / little significance非常重要的/不重要的/不太重要的“beof抽象名詞”結(jié)構(gòu) “beadj.” (這些名詞前可用great，some，no, little 等詞修飾)2

14、5共 112 頁(yè)be of importance be important重要的be of help be helpful有幫助的be of use be useful有用的be of value be valuable有價(jià)值的be of benefit be beneficial有益的；有好處的26共 112 頁(yè)即學(xué)即練(1)Few people realized the _of the discovery. 很少的人意識(shí)到這項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)的意義。(2)This new discovery of oil _ to this areas economy. 這個(gè)油的新發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)于這個(gè)地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)是非常重要的。

15、significanceis of great significance27共 112 頁(yè)12.relief n.減輕或解除I felt great relief when I heard I had passed the examination. to ones relief 令放心的是，令感到寬慰的是Much to his relief, finally his lost son was found by the police. to ones surprise to ones delight28共 112 頁(yè).重點(diǎn)句型詳解1It is a great pleasure to meet y

16、ou students from England.我很高興遇見(jiàn)你們這些來(lái)自英國(guó)的學(xué)生pleasure 本來(lái)是抽象名詞，在此句中具體化，意思是“樂(lè)事；快事”。29共 112 頁(yè)Its a pleasure to meet you.認(rèn)識(shí)你是十分高興的事。She has few pleasures left in life.她生活中已沒(méi)有什么樂(lè)趣了。拓展：抽象名詞的具體化是高考的?？键c(diǎn)之一，現(xiàn)總結(jié)如下：表示具有某種特性、狀態(tài)、特點(diǎn)、情感、情緒的人或事，且表示變化了的詞義時(shí)，這類抽象名詞由于已具體化，故可變?yōu)榭蓴?shù)名詞。如：30共 112 頁(yè)a pleasure 樂(lè)事 a success 成功的人或事a

17、 surprise 奇異的事 a failure 失敗的人或事a pity 可惜的事 a must 必要的事a worry 令人擔(dān)憂的事 a wonder 奇跡a great help 有幫助的人或事 a youth 年輕人a danger 危險(xiǎn)的人或物 a beauty 美人31共 112 頁(yè)即境活用1She is _ success, _ woman as she is.A/; / Ba; aC/; a Da; /答案：D解析：考查冠詞。第一空填a，表示“一位成功人士”；第二空 as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，句子需倒裝且名詞前不填冠詞。32共 112 頁(yè)2We have_been_excavat

18、ing layers of ash almost six metres thick, which suggests that they might have kept the fire burning all winter.我們一直在挖掘一層層的積灰，幾乎有六米厚，這意味著他們可能整個(gè)冬天都在燒火。33共 112 頁(yè)(1)句中的have been doing是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式，表示動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行或剛剛結(jié)束，通常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如：for hours, since this morning，all day ,all week等，

19、其構(gòu)成是“have/hasbeen現(xiàn)在分詞”。34共 112 頁(yè)【注意】現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別：二者都可以表示動(dòng)作的延續(xù)We have been living here for ten years.(強(qiáng)調(diào)還要繼續(xù)住下去)I have been looking for my lost book for three days, but I still havent found it.我已經(jīng)花了三天的時(shí)間找我丟失的書(shū)，但還沒(méi)有找到。35共 112 頁(yè)We have lived here for ten years.(不知道是否已經(jīng)結(jié)束) 在無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的情況下，前者表示動(dòng)作仍在進(jìn)行，而后者則

20、表示動(dòng)作在過(guò)去已結(jié)束。The students have been preparing for the exam.(還在進(jìn)行)The students have prepared for the exam.(已經(jīng)結(jié)束)36共 112 頁(yè)即境活用2(1)The two countries _ to maintain their military equation for many years.Atried Bwas tryingChave tried Dhave been trying答案：D37共 112 頁(yè)3Abruptly she sat down, only_to_be_scooped_

21、up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.她突然坐下，結(jié)果被她又笑又嚷的妹妹魯娜抱了起來(lái)。only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna是不定式做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，多表示意料之外的結(jié)果。38共 112 頁(yè)He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left. 他匆匆忙忙地趕到車(chē)站，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)火車(chē)已經(jīng)開(kāi)走了。提示：ing 形式做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)多表示由于前邊的動(dòng)作自然而然地導(dǎo)致后邊的結(jié)果。如： They can eat a pe

22、rson in two minutes, leaving only bones. 它們可以在兩分鐘之內(nèi)把一個(gè)人吃光，只剩骨頭。39共 112 頁(yè)European football is played in more than 80 countries, making it the most popular sport.有80多個(gè)國(guó)家踢歐式足球，這使得它成為最流行的運(yùn)動(dòng)。即境活用3The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _ the film stars had left.Ato tell Bto be toldCtelling Dtold4

23、0共 112 頁(yè)答案：B解析：onlyto do 常做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，故排除C、D兩項(xiàng)。根據(jù)句意可知是“別人告訴記者”，the news reporters 做主語(yǔ)，需用被動(dòng)式。41共 112 頁(yè).單詞拼寫(xiě)1I have to s_ the pencil. It doesnt write well.2Millions will face s_ next year as a result of the drought.3. After her performance, the audience stood up and a_ the actress for a long time.4Its widel

24、y accepted that botany falls into the c_ of biology.5You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly; those are the two a_.sharpenstarvationapplaudedcategoryalternatives42共 112 頁(yè)6He was _(逮捕) for murdering.7Children must learn not to _ (打斷談話)8_(假定) it rains tomorrow, what shall we do?9Who will l

25、earn a language _ (不管) of methods, materials, or teachers?10_(不知怎么地), the message was passed.arrestedinterruptAssumingregardlessSomehow 43共 112 頁(yè) .單項(xiàng)選擇1Would you do me a favor and give me a ride?_.AIts my pleasure BNo troubleCYes, thats right DWith pleasure答案：D解析：本題考查口語(yǔ)情景回答。從語(yǔ)境分析，此處應(yīng)該表示“非常樂(lè)意去幫忙”的意思。

26、Its my pleasure. “不客氣”的意思，接受道謝時(shí)的回答。而 with pleasure 的意思為“非常愿意”，用來(lái)回答對(duì)方的請(qǐng)求。故選D。44共 112 頁(yè)2(2009湖北卷)As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of _ energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel.Aprimary BalternativeCinstant Dunique答案：B解析：考查形容詞辨析。

27、B.“可替代的”合題意。A.主要的，初期的，根本的；C.立即的，立刻的；D.獨(dú)特的，唯一的。45共 112 頁(yè)3We all can go out for a picnic this afternoon_ that the others agree.Ato assume BassumedCassume Dassuming答案：D解析：assumingsupposesupposing“假設(shè)”。46共 112 頁(yè)4Her friend I referred to just now was _ for fraud.Asuspected BchargedCaccused Darrested答案：D解析

28、：be arrested for 因被逮捕。be suspected of 被懷疑；be charged with和 be accused of 意為“被控告”。47共 112 頁(yè)5At times this balance of nature is _, resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.Atroubled BdisturbedCconfused Dinterrupted答案：B解析：句意為：有時(shí)生態(tài)平衡被打破，結(jié)果會(huì)有很多難以預(yù)見(jiàn)的影響。 interrupt 打斷；trouble 麻煩；disturb 打擾，攪亂；co

29、nfuse 迷惑。48共 112 頁(yè)6_, we must expect changes to be made in our system of teaching.ALooking around BLooking aheadCWatching out DSeeing around答案：B解析：句意為：向前看，我們必須期望教學(xué)系統(tǒng)的變化。49共 112 頁(yè)7_the bad weather, the athletic meeting will be held on time.AIn contrast with BIn relation toCOn behalf of DRegardless of

30、答案：D解析：句意：不顧壞天氣，運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將按時(shí)舉行。A.與比較；B.關(guān)于，與有關(guān)；C.代表。50共 112 頁(yè)8I was overjoyed to pass the oral English test _, though I was not good at it.Asomewhat BanyhowCanyway Dsomehow答案：D解析：選擇 somehow 不知怎么地。somewhat 稍微； anyhow, anyway 無(wú)論如何。51共 112 頁(yè)9_ the Christmas holidays would come sooner!AOnly if BIfCIf only DUnl

31、ess答案：C解析：If only.“要是就好了！” only if “只要，如果”。52共 112 頁(yè)10Im really _ this weatherwhy cant it be sunny for a change?Afed up to Bfed onCfed to Dfed up with答案：D解析：句意：我真的受夠了這種天氣為什么不變一下，出出太陽(yáng)？be fed up with為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“厭煩”，符合語(yǔ)意要求。53共 112 頁(yè)11(2010綿陽(yáng)中學(xué))_ Chinese which city is famous for ice and snow, and the answer is sure to be Harbin.AIf you ask a BAsked someCAsk any DHaving asked every答案：C解析：考查“祈使句and/or結(jié)果分句”句型。該句型中祈使句用動(dòng)詞原形，祈使句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，本句可改為If you ask any Chinese which city is famous for ice and snow, the answer is sure to be Harbin.注意：改成條件狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)主句前沒(méi)有連詞and。54共