一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)區(qū)別辨析PPT課件(PPT 14頁(yè))

1、初中英語(yǔ)楊娜百位名師技能大賽第1頁(yè)，共14頁(yè)。Winter has already come,春天已經(jīng)來(lái)了， Will it still be far in spring? 冬天還會(huì)遠(yuǎn)么？第2頁(yè)，共14頁(yè)。Winter has already come現(xiàn)在 完成 時(shí)態(tài)第3頁(yè)，共14頁(yè)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義：用來(lái)表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，而其結(jié)果卻和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系：動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在。They have left.他們已經(jīng)離開(kāi)。也就是說(shuō)他們現(xiàn)在人不在那里。I have had my lunch.我?guī)捉?jīng)吃午飯了，也就是說(shuō)我現(xiàn)在不餓。 也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) He ha

2、s learned English since 2001. 從2001年開(kāi)始學(xué)的，現(xiàn)在還繼續(xù)學(xué)著呢。第4頁(yè)，共14頁(yè)。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Past future now 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的是純粹在過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是從過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開(kāi)始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)，或者發(fā)生在過(guò)去對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響第5頁(yè)，共14頁(yè)。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較（1）一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作； 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。 I saw this film yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)了） I have seen th

3、is film. (強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了）第6頁(yè)，共14頁(yè)。THANK YOUSUCCESS2022/7/207可編輯第7頁(yè)，共14頁(yè)。（2）一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： yesterday, last week, ago, in 1990, in October, just now -具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： for, since, so far, ever, never, yet, till/until, up to now, In the past few years, r

4、ecently, just -模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)句子中如有過(guò)去的時(shí)間副詞（如yesterday, last week）時(shí)， 不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，要用過(guò)去時(shí)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.第8頁(yè)，共14頁(yè)。(3) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，動(dòng)詞一般是延續(xù)性的，如live, teach, learn, study, work, know.一般過(guò)去時(shí)常用的非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞有 come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married 等。 She joined the League

5、three years ago. (加入的動(dòng)作不是延續(xù)的） She has been in the League for three years (since three years ago). （在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)）She has been a League member for three years (since three years ago). (是團(tuán)員的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)）第9頁(yè)，共14頁(yè)。He went to Shanghai last week. 上周他【做了一件事：那就是】去了上海He has been to Shanghai. 他（曾經(jīng)）去過(guò)上海?！驹谒松性?jīng)有過(guò)這樣的經(jīng)歷，但

6、他人肯定不是在上海而是回來(lái)了】He has gone to Shanghai.他已經(jīng)去上海了【也許剛動(dòng)身出發(fā)，也許已經(jīng)到了，也許還在路上，反正他人不在這里】He has been in Shanghai for ten years.他人在上海迄今為止已經(jīng)十年了【現(xiàn)在還在上海沒(méi)有離開(kāi)呢】辨析這些句子由于時(shí)態(tài)導(dǎo)致的含義上的差別第10頁(yè)，共14頁(yè)。延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和瞬間性動(dòng)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)化 (重難點(diǎn)）1. He died ten years ago.-He _ _ _ for ten years/ since ten years ago. 2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago

7、.-He _ _ the book for 2 weeks. 3. He bought the bike a month ago.-He _ _ the bike for a month. 4. He arrived here three days ago. -He _ _ here since three days ago. 5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago.-The light _ _ _ for 2 hours. has been dead has kept has hadhas beenhas been on第11頁(yè)，共14頁(yè)。6. He

8、 left here 2 years ago.-He _ _ _ from here for 2 years. 7. The film began 30 minutes ago.-The film _ _ _ for 30 minutes. 8. They opened the door an hour ago.-The door _ _ _ for an hour. 9. They close the door an hour ago.-The door _ _ _ for an hour. 10. He joined the army last year.-He _ _ a soldier for a year. -He _ _ _ the army for a year. has