2020屆《導(dǎo)與練》高考英語(yǔ)人教版一輪復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)選修7Unit3Underthesea含解析

1、Unit3Underthesea.閱讀理解(2018安徽合肥第二次質(zhì)量檢測(cè))(ItsnoteverydaythattheUnitedStateshistorymixeswithmicrobes微生物)inthesoil.ButwhenthegrasslandontheNationalMallinWashington,D.C.wasreplaced,itofferedscientiststheopportunitytostudychangesinthesoilbeneath.Theworkfocusedonthebacteriapresentinthesoil.Totheresearcherss

2、urprise,thecommunitiesofmicrobesdidnotchangealotbeforeandafterthereplacement.Thesecommunitiesinthesoilareknownasthesoilmicrobiome(微生物群).“Mylabisinterestedinhowmicrobescanmovearoundintheenvironment,andhowtheychangeand”“adaptasaresultofthismovement,explainsJoAnneCrouch,theleadauthorofthestudy.Wethough

3、tthatthenewimportedturf(草皮)fromNewJerseywouldintroducedifferentcommunitiesofbacteriatotheNationalMall.However,wefoundthattheywerentsignificantlydifferent.”Crouchsworkfocusedonturfgrass,definedasalargeareaofgreengrass.Itismadeupofthegrass,itsroots,andthesoilandmicrobesfoundwiththem.Thinkofthesoilmicr

4、obiomeassimilartothecollectionofmicrobesfoundinthehumanbody.Whenthemicrobesareoutofbalance,itcanmakesomeonesick.Crouchsaysitsthesameforthesoilmicrobiome.Manyoftheworstdiseasesincropsorotherenvironmentsarelinkedwithchangesinthesoilmicrobiome.Additionally,Crouchsaysthateventhoughthechangesbetweentheso

5、ilsweresmall,scientistsarealsostartingtoappreciatethatsometimesareallyimportantmicrobeisarareone.Thismeansitwould“behardtoobservebutcouldgreatlyaffecthowthegroupsfunctionasawhole.Agriculturalareasand”othernaturalspacesarehighlyandeasilyhurtbynegativechanges,shesays.“Microbiomesofferanalmostentirelyn

6、ewopportunitytoinfluenceinteractionsamongplantsandmicrobestoimproveplantproductivityandhealth.”1.Whydidtheresearchersfeelsurprisedwhentheyfocusedonthebacteriainthesoil?A.Morebacteriaappearedinthesoil.B.Microbeswerereplacedobviously.C.Soilmicrobiomealmostremainedstable.D.Thesoilmicrobiomedamagedtheen

7、vironment.2.Bystudyingtheturfgrass,whatdidCrouchandherteamfind?A.Microbesgrewfasterintheirowncommunity.B.Soilmicrobiomesweredifferentindifferentplaces.C.Turfgrassadaptedtotheenvironmentnearbyverysoon.D.Similarcommunitiesofbacteriawerebroughtbyturfgrass.3.Whydidtheauthormentionthemicrobesinthehumanbo

8、dy?A.Toindicatethetwoplayasimilarrole.B.Toprovetheyareboththecausesofdiseases.C.Toexaminetheenvironmentspeoplelivein.D.Toanalyzethechangesofhumanmicrobes.4.WhatdoesCrouchmeaninthelastparagraph?A.Microbesarestillashardtoobserveasbefore.B.Studiesonmicrobiomescanbebeneficialtoagriculture.C.Scientistsar

9、estillpuzzledabouttheeffectofmicrobiomes.D.Toomanymicrobiomesinthesoilmeannoharmtoplants.語(yǔ)篇解讀:正如人體的微生物群落對(duì)人體的健康有影響一樣,土壤的微生物群落也會(huì)對(duì)植物的產(chǎn)量和健康產(chǎn)生影響。答案及剖析:1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Totheresearcherssurprise,thecommunitiesofmicrobesdidnotchangealotbeforeandafterthereplacement.Thesecommunitiesinthesoilareknownasthesoilmi

10、crobiome.可知,令研究者驚訝的是土壤微生物群落幾乎保持穩(wěn)定。2.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的WethoughtthatthenewimportedturffromNewJerseywouldintroducedifferentcommunitiesofbacteriatotheNationalMall.However,wefoundthattheywerentsignificantlydifferent.可知,通過(guò)研究草皮,克勞奇和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)新移植過(guò)來(lái)的草皮帶來(lái)的微生物群落與原來(lái)的微生物群落類(lèi)似。3.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句Thinkofthesoilmicrobiomeass

11、imilartothecollectionofmicrobesfoundinthehumanbody.及該段后面的內(nèi)容可推知,作者提及人類(lèi)體內(nèi)的微生物是為了表示這兩種類(lèi)型的微生物扮演著類(lèi)似的角色。4.B推理判斷題。最后一段提到微生物群落提供了一個(gè)提高莊稼產(chǎn)量、促進(jìn)植物健康的全新機(jī)會(huì)。由此可知,對(duì)微生物群落的研究對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)是有益的。.七選五(2018吉林第二次調(diào)研測(cè)試)HowtodealwithyourhomeworkWriteitdown.1.Makeanoteonyournotebook.Alwaysbesuretowritedownallyourhomeworkforschoolsoyouwo

12、ntforgetanything.Createahomeworkstation.Findsomewherecomfortableandquiettowork.2.Itwilltaketwiceaslongtogetthehomeworkdone.Shutoffyourmobilephone,logoffyourcomputer(unlessyouwillneeditforyourhomework)andclosethedoor.Doitasearlyaspossible.Dontleavehomeworktothelastminute.3.Theearlieryoustartdoingyour

13、homework,thesooneryouwillfinish!Doallyourhomeworkasearlyasyoucan,soyoudonthaveapileofhomeworkthenextday.4.Thinkabouthowlongitwilltakeyoutocompleteeachsubject.Forexample:Englishtenminutes,sciencetenminutes,mathfortyminutes,historytwentyminutes.Treatyourself.Youcaneasilygettiredofyourhomeworkbysitting

14、throughanhourortwowithoutstopping.Onceyoufinishhomeworkforasubject,takeasmallbreak.Justmakesureitsquick(nomorethan15minutes).DonotturnontheTV,oryouwillnevergobackandfinishyourhomework.5.A.Useyourtimewisely.B.Startassoonasyougethome.C.Startwithyourhardesthomework.D.NeverdoyourhomeworkinfrontoftheTV.E

15、.Youcantakeawalkorfindsomethingtoeat.F.Aftershortbreaks,returntofinishuptherestofyourhomework.G.Keepahomeworknotebookwhereyourecordallyourhomework.答案:1-5GDBAF.完形填空Growinguplikeallchildren,whenIwasgrowingupallIwantedwastobegrownup.Ialwayskeptacloseeyeonmyrole1myparents,andalwaystriedtodoanythingtheyd

16、id.TheskillsIlearntandtheattitudeI2fromayoungagewouldbeofgreathelptomeinmy3years.Fromtheageoffourorfive,thememoriesIhavearethoseof4myparentsintheirshopandhelpingthemsellgoods.ThejobIdidwasjust5onthechairsothatIcouldreachthecounterand6ateveryonewhocamein.7thesearesoinsignificant,Ialwaysgotasenseof8an

17、dsatisfactioninmywork.WhenIwassevenyearsold,Iwenttoprimaryschoolandmyfamilymovedtothetown9Ilivedtoday.Atthebeginning,everythingaroundmewas10.Ifeltithardtobreathe11friends.Butmyfamilytoldme,“Neverbea12!Keepsmilingandtrytoplaywithothers!”SoItriedtosmileatothersandplaywithothers.Soon,it13.Igotmyhappine

18、ssagain.Andthosewordsarealwaysinmy14tilltoday.Now,asahighschoolstudent,Ihaveaniceclassandmanycharmingand15friendsandteachersaroundme.Ifeel16andbeautiful!Meanwhile,thesupportthatIhavereceivedand17toreceivefrommyfamilyisalwaysamajor18formetosucceedaswell.Inmyopinion,everyonesgrowthisfullofgoodandbadex

19、periencesallthetime.Thekeyisto19thegoodonesandfindawayofturninganegativesituationintoa20one.1.A.playsB.modelsC.relievesD.glories2.A.dreamtofB.ignoringC.thoughthighlyofD.acquired3.A.hardB.laterC.lastD.precious4.A.followingB.employingC.inspectingD.charging5.A.sittingB.relyingC.puttingD.standing6.A.sho

20、utingB.staringC.smilingD.laughing7.A.WhenB.AsC.AlthoughD.Since8.A.prideB.confidenceC.shameD.humor9.A.whichB.howC.whyD.where10.A.impressiveB.anxiousC.unfamiliarD.embarrassing11.A.withoutB.withC.amongD.between12.A.loserB.successC.slaveD.quitter13.A.aroseB.owedC.workedD.shone14.A.brainB.eyeC.mouthD.min

21、d15.A.truthfulB.hopefulC.carefulD.powerful16.A.upsetB.sensitiveC.sweetD.calm17.A.agreeB.manageC.continueD.mean18.A.treatmentB.limitC.happinessD.drive19.A.selectB.appreciateC.struggleforD.dealwith20.A.commonB.secureC.positiveD.valuable語(yǔ)篇解讀:本文講述在作者的成長(zhǎng)中,父母給作者樹(shù)立了很正面的榜樣,給了作者非常好的指導(dǎo),讓作者在成長(zhǎng)的道路上走得更加堅(jiān)實(shí)。答案及剖析:

22、1.B根據(jù)下文我總是盡力做他們做的事,可知我總是密切關(guān)注著我的榜樣(models)。2.D此處指我從小獲得(acquired)的態(tài)度。dreamof夢(mèng)想;ignore忽視;thinkhighlyof高度贊揚(yáng)。3.Bhard艱難的;later以后的;last最后的,上一個(gè);precious珍貴的。本文描述的是我的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷,故inmylateryears(在以后的歲月里)符合語(yǔ)境,故選B。4.A句意:從四五歲的時(shí)候,我記得的就是在父母的商店里跟著(following)他們并幫忙賣(mài)東西。employ雇用;inspect檢查;charge控訴,索價(jià)。5.D對(duì)于四五歲的孩子來(lái)說(shuō),要想夠到柜臺(tái),肯定要站在椅子上,故選D。6.C根據(jù)常識(shí)可知,賣(mài)東西的人對(duì)進(jìn)來(lái)買(mǎi)東西的人應(yīng)該是微笑。7.C句意:盡管這些非常不重要,但是我總會(huì)從工作中獲得自豪感和滿足感。根據(jù)句意可知,用although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,故選C。8.Apride自豪;confidence自信;shame羞愧;humor幽默。asenseofpride自豪感。9.D這里是定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是thetown,此處在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故用where引導(dǎo)。10.Cimpressive給人印象深刻的;anxious焦急的;unfamil