GMATOG語法重點講義236條

1、 GMAT OG語法重點講義236條GMAT OG語法第三遍終于做完了，隨手整理了一些OG中的重點(結(jié)合OG題后解釋和XDF課堂的講解)，希望對大家有用，有錯誤的地方也請大家批評，哈哈。下面的編號是與OG的題號一致的。1.現(xiàn)在分詞強調(diào)重復(fù)性;定語從句強調(diào)一次性2.A of B結(jié)構(gòu)中，A是中心詞，謂語動詞與A一致the size of Colorados錯of用于沒生命的對象(如國家United States of America)s用于有生命的對象(樹沒有生命)3. to do A, to do B, and to do C對to do A, do B, and do C對情態(tài)動詞可否省，亦看

2、第二個肯定句用and，否定句用or僅有no/not代表否定句5. 句中出現(xiàn)any，要判斷是否為語氣詞(強烈語氣)，若是，則要保留。6. 主語作 賓語 優(yōu)先使用名詞(在名詞與Ving之間)所有格結(jié)構(gòu)的賓語介詞結(jié)構(gòu)的賓語try to do/try doing對try that/try and do 錯7. n+that+be+adj錯人+that+be+adj錯9. believe thatbelieve sb/sth to bethat引導(dǎo)賓從不可省，引導(dǎo)定從可省the infinitive “to be” is more appropriate that the limited present

3、-tense “is” in referring to an event that occurred long ago but have been discovered only recently.10. however表強烈語氣，不能忽略there be 表自然存在狀態(tài)語氣詞不能省11. 分詞結(jié)構(gòu)(doing/done，介詞+分詞，連詞+分詞)的省略結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語是后面主句的主語base/compare只用于被動語態(tài)12. 同一句話中，相同的代詞(可能不同格)必須指代相同的對象代詞先于主句出現(xiàn)，一般指主句主語，但在下句中則指代不清：New small business are not sub

4、ject to the applicability of formulas for cash flow and the ratio of debt to equity in the same way as established big business, because they are growing and are seldom in equilibrium.13. soar, rise, raise, increase, grow 出現(xiàn)兩個則語義重復(fù)動詞優(yōu)于抽象名詞when rates means “prices charged”, it should be followed bu f

5、or.14.estimated to be15. 原文中的情態(tài)動詞要盡量保留(may)without doing/sthdistinguish A from Bdistinguish between A and Bwhich引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句不是不能用，但要確保無歧義16.like/unlike A, B do要求A、B性質(zhì)完全一樣17. 不光要判斷選項本身的對錯，還要把選項放到原文中判斷其對錯過去完成時(had been)changes the original meaning (were)by suggesting that the Native Americans had previ

6、ously ceased to be part of the widespread culture.18. 主謂單復(fù)數(shù)一致，被修飾成分和修飾成分單復(fù)數(shù)一致強調(diào)整體用all，強調(diào)個體用each(不能用every one)all, each表強調(diào)語氣，不能忽略19.比較結(jié)構(gòu)中的盡量補出原則不一定是補助動詞，只要無歧義就行20. so+adjsuch+抽象名詞強調(diào)句正確選項往往是A，倒裝句(強調(diào)句的一種)不能變?yōu)檎ＵZ序21. food allergies 食物過敏總稱an allergy to sth 對某物過敏先行詞與主句主語要邏輯對稱attributes A(an effect)to B(a

7、cause)A is attributed to B22. notbut結(jié)構(gòu)要求時態(tài)、句式對稱not butratherthaninstead of24. 介詞+名詞介詞+動名詞whether or not 錯25.規(guī)定僅規(guī)定分詞與分詞相對稱，沒有說現(xiàn)在分詞不能與過去分詞對稱，判斷的依據(jù)是動作的主語是動作發(fā)出者還是承受者26. of all表最高級maybe錯，因為太口語化27. In D, the phrase and published in Harlem is too remote from the Messenger to modify it effectively.把原文的修飾成分變

8、成主干，一般為錯being+n/adj一般為錯28. continue不能用于進行時態(tài)、復(fù)合時態(tài)(例have been and will)be to do/be going to do錯，因為表主觀色彩的將來to表趨向，coming也表示趨向，所以into the coming month語義重復(fù)29. 句中的some若表“大約”，則不能省there be done錯32.在同一句話中，過去和現(xiàn)在的時態(tài)不能一起用，除了一般現(xiàn)在時的三種特例(客觀事實、政府行為法令法規(guī)、科研成果或統(tǒng)計資料)一般過去時改成過去完成時主要看是否出現(xiàn)表過去的過去的時間標(biāo)志時間狀語的擺放要遵從愿意36. be nativ

9、e to somewhere不同時態(tài)并不是一定不能在同一個句子中出現(xiàn)，關(guān)鍵是要符合句子的愿意、清楚地表達作者的意思。37.only, last, first的修飾對象不能變38.若考前文對劃線部分的影響，則正確答案的標(biāo)志是新名詞或doing，錯誤答案的標(biāo)志為to do或which。39. C選項中，分詞充當(dāng)狀語表結(jié)果動詞不定式一定要有明確的動作發(fā)出者42. 過去分詞主要用來強調(diào)狀態(tài)和結(jié)果(優(yōu)先選)現(xiàn)在分詞主要用來強調(diào)動作和過程concerning錯誤的標(biāo)志worried about is preferable when describing a condition rather than an

10、 action.47. enough出現(xiàn)在選項中必錯用sothat, soas to表enough的意思48.on account of/because of49. the pronoun which should be used to refer to a previously mentioned noun, not to the idea expressed in an entire clause.known to doknown as doing在GMAT中，which不能指代整個前文，因為產(chǎn)生歧義。51.not unlike表強調(diào)語氣52. 作主語優(yōu)先用名詞because應(yīng)引導(dǎo)一個句子

11、，而不是其他54.the sameas(as前后要對稱)55.用現(xiàn)在完成時的幾種情況：since; 大段的時間概念(last, past*年);the world has ever seen/than ever before possible57.the extent to which/to the extent that60.like+n或名詞短語as+句子(包含助動詞，助動詞位置可前可后)61. require sb to do; require that; require of sb that(后兩個用虛擬語氣)特指、泛指the A特指 the A泛指A 泛指 his A特指63.be

12、in danger of doing65.depict/represent/begin/regard/see/perceive/think of/be prized/be acclaimed+asconsider sth sth66.所有格結(jié)構(gòu)賓語優(yōu)先用名詞67.A so as to B要求A、B邏輯主語一致、用于簡單的句子結(jié)構(gòu)so A that B可以不一致70. it is likely/liable thatlikely/liable toan a severe disadvantage 處在一個非常不利的境地severely disadvantaged沒有社會地位71. Mike co

13、mes and sits here.時間上有先后順序Coming in, Mike sits here.錯Sitting here, Mike comes in.錯V1，V2要判斷是否有先后順序，還是一個是另一個的伴隨狀態(tài)and前后動詞要對稱72.double作動詞時是主動語態(tài)74.A as an instance of B76. n+of表限定;n+that表解釋need/importance/necessity e(to)/become/remain表動態(tài)過程，在原文中出現(xiàn)不能去掉或變成be動詞83.it和one不能混合使用84.be to do錯85.something/anything

14、/nothing/things/sb/anybody/someone/no one要求形容詞后置86.have sth done87. can/be able toability of sb to dobe capable of doing90.allow sb to do允許allow that承認(rèn)91.D選項中的just是弱語氣詞，不能添加或刪除92.asas肯定語氣not so as否定語氣93.原文中的情態(tài)動詞(如can)要保留94.not onlybut also 對稱結(jié)構(gòu)95. seem和like語義重復(fù)原文中的like不能變成seem原文中的as不能變成as if96.過去分詞表

15、狀態(tài)和結(jié)果99.動作性名詞對稱于動作性名詞100. prohibit sb from doing不能加thatforbid to do不能加thating表重復(fù)性，that非限制性重句表一次性101.lower往往是錯誤答案，除了指人(fewer)外，都用less102. except連接前后性質(zhì)相同的對象;except for連接前后性質(zhì)不同的對象with: I withit錯II跳躍修飾the diet of the ordinary Greek in classical times was largely vegetarian-vegetables, fresh cheese, oatm

16、eal, and meal cakes, with meat as a rarity.103.suchas to錯105.asas; so that 含義不同106.出現(xiàn)特指，其指代對象在前文中一定要出現(xiàn)過，否則不能用特指。107. A with B/along with /together with/as well as/integral to后面的動詞與A一致A and B后面的動詞用復(fù)數(shù)not onlybut also/eitheror/neithernor/or與B一致108.過去時變成過去完成時一般為錯111.be regarded as/be credited with doing

17、/be believed to do/be given credit for doing112. to do sthfor doing sth主動、被動都可以用的時候，主動優(yōu)于被動more+adj+n錯n+more+adj對116.this, that, these, those單獨出現(xiàn)在句中必錯，應(yīng)用such+n117.the ability of sb to do119.fair公平的，公正的 fairly相當(dāng)?shù)豷ignificant重要的 significantly相當(dāng)?shù)?21.A order B to do C124.after when錯132.equivalent to /the

18、equivalent of/equal to have too broad a range of meanings to be used precisely here: that is, they can suggest more than merely numerical equality. Also, as quantitative expressions, equivalent and equal often modify nouns referring to uncountable things.135.the inclusion of it requires a comma after classics to set off the new independent clause.145.mandate that A be balanced150.mistake A for B172.not A, but rather B175.due to ：to是介詞，后面不能跟句子;比起 because/be