【高中英語】高中英語語法復習：代詞

1、高中英語語法復習：代詞It 的用法1.作人稱代詞John likes playing Pingpong./ He always does it in the afternoon.(指代上下文提到的事物);/ Its time we went home. / How far is it from here to your home ? / It is getting warmer and warmer./ Its very quiet at the moment.(可指時間、天氣、環(huán)境等)2.引導詞A.作形式主語，代替由不定式、動名詞或從句表示的真正主語。Its important for us

2、 to learn a second language./ Its no use talking to him./ Its known to all that the earth goes round the sun.B.作形式賓語，代替由不定式、動名詞或從句表示的真正賓語。We feel it our duty to help others./ He made it clear that he would leave the city.C.強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)：It is (was) 被強調(diào)部分 that (或who)注意: 在強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中，如被強調(diào)部分為時間狀語或地點狀語，其后的連接詞也絕不能為when

3、 或where，而應用that 。在復習中，一定要注意句式的不同。It was in Shanghai that I bought the guitar.(that引起強調(diào)句)It was Shanghai where I bought the guitar.(where引起定從)It was twelve oclock when we arrived there.(when引起時間狀語從句)It was at twelve oclock that we arrived there.(that 引起強調(diào)句)3. it，one，that 的區(qū)別：作為代詞，這三個詞的對比使用是高考的熱點之一。NM

4、ET2000，23.-Why dont we take a little break? -Didnt we just have _?A.it B.that C.one D.thisNMET2001，25.The Parkers bought a new house but _will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they B.it C.one D.whichone 用以指代同類事物中的任一，that 特指性強，指代可數(shù)與不可數(shù)詞，而it指代上文提過的同一事物。不定代詞不定代詞種類較多，用法各異，在使用中一定要注意區(qū)別。1、both，

5、either ，neither 都表兩者范圍，在句中作主語、賓語、定語 ，both可用作同位語。 both 意為兩者都，either 表兩者中任一個，neither表兩者都不。2、any，none ，all 表三者或三者以上范圍，any 表任何一個、一些(不可數(shù)或復數(shù)概念，用于否定句、疑問句或條件從句中);none 表三者或三者以上中的哪一個都不;表示不可數(shù)物中的一點兒也沒有;all 整個的;所有的(三者或三者以上);所有的(不可數(shù))。e.g.This book is a good seller，so you can buy it at any shop in Beijing./ None o

6、f us are/is perfect./ All of the village was flooded.3、no one，nobody，none，nothing：no one，nobody表沒有人，nothing 指沒有什么事物，none 兼指人和物。none 著眼于數(shù)量概念。特指的人或物一個也沒有，一點兒也沒有。-How many people are there in the hall ? -None.-who wants to go with him ? -No one(Nobody).-What can you see in the bottle ? -Nothing.-Is the

7、re any water in it ? -None.4、another，the other，the other 復數(shù)名詞(或the others)，other (或other 復數(shù)名詞)：another 表三者或三者以上范疇中的任一;與數(shù)詞連用，表再有;the other 表兩者中的另外那個，特指;the other 復數(shù)名詞(或the others)，另外那些，表示其余所有的人或物，用于特指;others (或other 復數(shù)名詞)另一些，表余下人或物中的另一些，泛指。-I dont like this，show me another one.(NMET 2000，16)If you wa

8、nt to change for a double room youll have to pay_$15.A.another B.other C.more D.Each (A)人稱、物主、反身、指示代詞高考重點要求1.掌握人稱代詞、物主代詞、疑問代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞的基本用法。2.重點掌握不定代詞的指代含義及數(shù)的情況，能通過語境準確選取答案。3.掌握it的基本用法。一.人稱代詞1)分清主格和賓格形式。eg：-I love you more than her，child ./ -You mean more than _love her or more than she loves_? A.

9、you;me B.I;you C.you;you D.I;me2)注意約定俗成的用法。-Who is it ? -Its me . -Id like to have a rest . -Me，too.3)使用we 和you 泛指一般人4)使用she代表國家、船只、月亮、大地等China is a great country.She has a long history.5)并列主語或賓語中順序是：you，he(she) and I; we，you and they二.物主代詞：名詞性物主代詞?在句中做主語、賓語、表語、補足語，構(gòu)成雙重所有格：a friend of mine 。形容詞性物主代詞

10、?只能起定語作用。三.反身代詞1) 在句中作賓語、表語和同位語;2)單復數(shù)的確定;3)在一些語境中的特殊含義。e.g. Im not quite myself today.我今天不大舒服。/ Make yourself at home.不要拘禮;請隨便吧。 / Dont get nervous，help yourself to what you like.別緊張，喜歡吃什么就吃什么。/ Have you enjoyed yourself today? 你今天玩得愉快嗎?四.指示代詞(一)this，that，these those1.在句子中作主語、賓語、表語和定語。2.this(these)一

11、般指時間和空間上較近的人或物，而that (those)常指時間和空間上較遠的人或物。e.g. This is a novel and that is a magazine.3.this(these)一般指后面要講到的事物，而that(those)常指前面講到的事物。e.g. What he told me is this：he wanted to go to Beijing./ He didnt come.That is why he didnt know.4.that，those 常用來指代前面提到過的某個名詞。e.g. The oil output in 1998 was higher

12、than that of 1995.( that 代替oil output) / The cars made in Japan are better than those in Germany.(二)suchsuch引起倒裝句，謂語數(shù)取決于后面主語的數(shù)：e.g Such is my answer./ Such are our people.做定語，注意和so 的區(qū)別，尤其是在so that， suchthat 句型中。e.g. I have never seen such beautiful flowers.(復數(shù)名詞前，so 不可) / I have never seen such a gr

13、eat film.(也可為so great a film) / We have such beautiful weather today that we should go out for an outing.(不可數(shù)詞前，不可用so) / There are so many people in the hall that its hard for me to find him.(在數(shù)量概念的many，much，little，few 之前，不可用such )練習(一)、代 詞一、強化訓練：1. New English-Chinese Dictionary has been republishe

14、d several times,_ more up to date than the last edition.A. any B. everyone C. either D. each2. After paying 1,000 dollars_ ,youll all become full members of our club.A. each B. all C. every D. both3._ was her cruelty that we all hated her.A. It B. What C. That D. Such4. Mary has been ill in bed for

15、a week. I wonder if she is _ better now.A. much B. some C. any D. very5. -Which of these two ties will you take? -I dont like these. Do you have any_ ?A. one B. other C. ones D. others6. I d rather ride a bike as bike riding has _ of the trouble of taking buses.A. much B. all C. neither D. none7. I

16、need some blue ink today but there is _ at hand.A. not B. nothing C. a little D. none8. I found the very watch of mine _ I had left _ .A. where, it B. that, it C. which, one D. where, one9. I havent got time to get the tickets. Whos going to _?A. do so B. do it C. buy it D. do them10. -Jack certainl

17、y has a high opinion of Susan. It cant be better than _of him.A. hers B. she C. that D. her11. -Shall we introduce _ fire-fighting equipment from abroad? -Go ahead, if necessary.A. other B. a few more C. another D. some other12. -How about the price of these refrigerators? -They are equal in price t

18、o, if not cheaper than,_ at the other stores.A. others B. it C. that D. the ones13. -I dislike _ when others laugh at me in public or speak ill of me behind. -So do I.A. them B. those C. it D. that14. -Which do you prefer, classical music or pop music? -_. I prefer folk music.A. Either B. Both C. No

19、ne D. Neither15. Why don t you trust and use old Tom? He is still as strong as _ in the team.A. nobody B. anybody else C. everybody D. somebody else16. -Are the new methods taking any effect? -Yes,_ articles are stolen from our supermarket.A. few B. more C. some D. none17. During the meeting a young

20、 man cried out suddenly and threw his notebook at the chairman,_ brought the room to disorder.A. it B. and which C. and that D. this18. Ive just seen no more than one copy of Gone with the Wind in the bookshop opposite. Tom, go and buy_ back.A. one B. any C. it D. some19. -Do you have _ at home now?

21、 -No, we still have to get scores of eggs and some vegetables.A. nothing B. everything C. anything D. something20. Nancy is expecting another baby and hopes _ will be a boy.A. he B. that C. it D. there21. Surely its _ with the big nose you mean, not _!A. he, I B. him, me C. him, I D. he, me22. The t

22、emperature can fall to -30. _ is,30C below freezing point.A. Which B. It C. That D. This23. -The exam was easy, wasnt it? -Yes, but I don t think _ could pass it.A. somebody B. everybody C. anybody D. nobody24. Cut the apple into halves so that the twins may each get _ half.A. every B. each C. anoth

23、er D. either25. _ of us can do everything, but all of us can do _ .A. None, something B. Some, everything C. Few, something D. Few, nothing26. -May I help you with some gloves, sir? -Yes, Id like to try those blue _.A. one B. ones C. pair D. two27. Of all my friends _ will be able to persuade Tom to

24、 change his mind. He is so firm upon it.A. none B. nobody C. neither D. no one28. -Is he content to accept our offered price?-Yes. He cares more about the quality. Money is _ to him.A. everything B. anything C. nothing D. something29. I have no idea which was better, so I took _ of them.A. both B. n

25、one C. all D. any30. You mustnt always do _ as he asks you to do. He may be wrong sometimes.A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything31. Im no painter, and to me, one painting is much like .A. another B. the other C. others D. one32. I didnt want either of _ hats and asked the salesman to sh

26、ow me_.A. those, another B. two, the other C. all, the others D. both, others33. The children were catching butterflies in the garden. Some caught a lot, and others caught _ at all.A. nothing B. none C. no one D. neither34. Thank you very much indeed. That s _ of you.A. kindest B. most kind C. the k

27、inder D. the most kind35. Jack is a very likable fellow, but Ive learned to take _ he says with a grain of salt.A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything36. -I love you more than her, child. -You mean more than _ love her or more than she loves _?A. you, me B. I, you C. you, you D. I, me練習(二

28、)、代 詞二、高考題選：1. Was it during the Second World War _he died? (MET88)A.that B. while C. in which D. then2. Is _necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab? (MET88H)A.everyone B. this C. her D. it3.Is _possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship? (MET88)A.now B. that C. it D. man4.His Parents

29、wouldnt let him marry anyone _family was poor.(MET88)A.of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose5._leaves the room last ought to turn off the light. (MET88)A.Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who6._writer is better known in China，Charcles Dickens or Mark Twain? (MET88)A.Which B. What C. Either D. Whethe

30、r7.-Have you seen Tom and Mary? -I haven t seen _of them.(MET88)A.neither B. any C. either D. all8.Is _necessary to complete the design before National Day? (MET89)A.this B. that C. it D. he9.All _is needed is a supply of oil.(MET89)A.the thing B. that C. what D. which10.His camera is more expensive

31、 than _.(MET89)A.hers B. her C. it D. its11.I dont think _possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.(MET90)A.this B. that C. its D. it12._of them knew about the plan because it was kept in a secret.(MET90)A.Each B. Any C. No one D. None13.He paid the boy ￥10 for washing ten wind

32、ows，most of _hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.(MET90)A.these B. those C. that D. which14.Kate and her sister went to holiday with a cousin of _.(MET90)A.their B. theirs C. her D. hers15.I invited Tom and Ann to dinner，but _of them came.(NMET91)A.neither B. both C. either D. none16.She heard a

33、terrible noise，_brought her heart into her mouth.(MET91)A.it B. which C. this D. that17.We couldnt eat in a restaurant because _of us had _money on us.(MET91)A.all; no B. any; no C. none; any D. no one; any18.These plants are watered _.(NMET91)A.each other day B. every other day C. each of two days

34、D. every of two days19.Alice received an invitation from her boss，_came as a surprise.(NMET91)A.it B. that C. which D. he20.Does _matter if he cant finish the job on time?A.this B. that C. he D. it21.Mr.Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _who had already taken them.(MET92)A.the ones B

35、. ones C. some D. the others22.Therere so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up my mind _to buy. (MET92)A.what B. which C. how D. where23.Although hes wealthy，he spends _ on clothes.(NME792)A.little B. few C. a little D. a few24.In the dark street，there wasnt a single person _ she

36、 could turn for help.(MET92)A.that B. who C. from whom D. to whom25._he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.(MET93)A.What B. That C. The fact D. The matter26.-Would you like some wine? -Yes，just _.(MET93)A.little B.very little C.a little D.little bit27.Toms mother kept telling him that

37、he should work harder，but _didnt help.(MET93)A.he B.which C.she D.it28.-Is _here? -No，Bob and Tim have asked for leave.(MET93)A.anybody B.somebody C.everybody D.nobody29.-Is your camera like Bills and Anns? -No，but its almost the same as _.(NMET94)A.her B.yours C.them D.their30.The weather turned ou

38、t to be very good， _was more than we could expect.(NMET94)A.what B.which C.that D.it31._is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(NMET95)A.There B.This C.That D.It32.They were very tired，but _of them would stop to take a rest.(NMET95)A.any B.some C.none D.neither33.I hop

39、e there are enough glasses for each guest to have _.(NMET95)A.it B.those C.them D.one34.-When shall we meet again? -Make it _day you like; its all the same to me.(NMET96)A.one B.any C.another D.some35.Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they knew it _.(NMET96 )A.themselves B.onesel

40、f C.itself D.himself36.I agree with most of what you said，but I dont agree with _.(NMET97)A.everything B.anything C.something D.nothing37.Sarah has read lots of stories by American writers，Now she would like to read_stories by writers from _ countries.(NMET97)A.some; any B.other; some C.some; other

41、D.other; other38.It was about 600 years ago _ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.(NMET97)A.that B.until C.before D.when39.I hate _when people talk with their mouths full.(NMET98)A.it B.that C.these D.them40.Dr.Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge.I cant remember _.(NMET98)A

42、.where B.there C.which D.hat41.Why do you want a new job _youve got such a good one already? (NMET98)A.that B.where C.which D.when42.It was only when I reread his poems recently _I began to appreciate their beauty.(NMET98)A.until B.that C.then D.so43.Few pleasures can equal _of a cool drink on a hot

43、 day.(NMET99)A.some B.any C.that D.those44. If you want to change for a double-room youll have to pay _$15.(NMET2000 )A.another B.other C.more D.each45.-Why dont we take a little break? -Didnt we just have _? (NMET2000)A.it B.that C.one D.this46.It is the ability to do the job _matters not where you

44、 come from or what you are.(NMET2000 )A.one B.that C.what D.it47.If this dictionary is not yours，_can it be? (NMET2001)A.what else B.who else C.which elses D.who elses48.Many people have helped with canned food，however，the food bank needs _for the poor.(2001春招)A.more B.much C.many D.most49.The Parke

45、rs bought a new house but _will need a lot of work before they can move in.(NMET2001)A.they B.it C.one D. which50.-He was nearly drowned once.(2002春招)-When was _?-_was in 1998 when he was in middle school.A. that; it B. this; this C. this; it D. that; this語法復習十六：代 詞一、強化訓練：1. D 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. D 6.

46、 D 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. D 13. C 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. C 18. C 19. B 20. C21. B 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. D31. A 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. D 36. A二、高考題選：1.A 這是一個強調(diào)句式的一般疑問句。2.D it是形式主語，to不定式是真正主語。3.C 參看2題。4.D family與先行詞anyone之間是所屬關系。5.C 在主語從句中，whoever充當主語，指代人，相當于anyone

47、who。而C項who也可引導名詞性從句，但它具體指是誰。6.A 特殊疑問句中的選擇，用which。7.C 前一句只提到兩個人。neither，either，both僅用于表述兩者的情況，而any，all表述多者的情況，且I havent seen either of them相當于I have seen neither of them。8.C 可參看2、3題。9.B all是先行詞，that 引導定語從句，且all that=what。10.A His camera是句子的主語，也是信息詞，應填名詞性的物主代詞hers，它相當于her camera。11.D it是形式賓語，to master

48、是真正賓語。此句還可說成I dont think it is possible to?？蓞⒖?、3、8題。12.D A、B項不符合句意。C項no one后不接of短語。13.D which是定語從句中的關系代詞，指代上文的windows。A、B、C項不能引導定語從句，且填進去后，兩個分句缺少連詞。14.B 可參看10題。15.A 前文提到邀請兩個人，兩個人都沒來，故用neither參看7題。16.B which引導非限定性定語從句。which指代前面一句話。如果兩個分句是由and連接，則A、C、D項也對。17.C A項中的all放在否定句中，是部分否定，與上文we couldnt eat in

49、 a restaurant矛盾，B項不符語法，n項no one后不接of短語，且只指代人。18.B every other day每隔一天，是習慣用法。19.C which在非限定性定語從句中指代前面一句話?？蓞⒖?6題。20.D 考生非常熟悉It doesnt matter這一句型，該題現(xiàn)在是一般疑問句，it是matter的主語，if引導條件狀語從句。21.A C、D項不能做定語從句的先行詞來指代上文的the pupils，只能用the ones，因為它被限定性定語從句所修飾，表特指。該句的意思是：張先生把教科書分給了所有的學生，那些已經(jīng)拿走了的學生除外。22.B 原題中的so many k

50、inds of tape-recorders暗示考生要買的是錄音機，故排除A項。因為有這么多種類，因此不能決定買哪個。C、D項是連接副詞，不能做buy的賓語。23.A B、D項應排除，它們指代可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)。全句意為：雖然他很富有，但很少花錢買衣服。故C項不符句意。24.D turn at sb.for help是慣用法，在定語從句中把to提前與whom構(gòu)成介詞十關系代詞。25.A 主語從句中缺少賓語，故what充當。26.C 原題中的答語Yes暗示考生應選表示肯定意義的a little.A、B項表示否定意義。27.D it指代前面一句話。因有but，故前后為并列句，不用關系代詞(which)只用代詞it。28.C Is everybody here?都到齊了嗎，Is anybody here?這里有人嗎?B項some body可用在表示征