橙啦基礎語法十講-第9講

1、搜索 橙啦四六級小程序搜索 橙啦背單詞【橙啦】大學基礎語法詳解第九講 虛擬語氣表示一種只存在于人想象中的“假設”或“推測”，而不是客觀現(xiàn)實中的真實事件。它表達的是懷疑、憂慮、推測、想象或祝愿等。第一節(jié) if 虛擬一、對于現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬If I were you, I would choose to work in a small town.如果我是你，我會選擇在小城鎮(zhèn)工作。If I had a map now, we would easily get out of the forest.如果現(xiàn)在有地圖，能很容易地走出森林。If there were no music, the world wo

2、uld be very dull.如果沒有音樂，世界將會非常單調(diào)。二、對于過去情況的虛擬If id not been for your help yesterday, I couldnve caught the bus.如果昨天沒有你的幫助，我不會趕上車。If we had left earr, we wouldnve missed the bus.假若早點起身的話，是不會錯過火車的。表示虛擬的時間if 從句謂語形式主句謂語形式現(xiàn)在didwould/should/might/could do過去had dould/should/might/could have done將來were to do

3、/should dowould/should/might/could doI should never have done it if I hadnt been so hard up.如果不是手頭如此拮據(jù)，我是不會那樣做的。三、對于將來情況的虛擬If he should see me, he would know me.如果他看見我，就會認識我。If he were to come, what should I say to him?假如他來了，對他說什么呢？If you should go away, I should be grieved.他如離去，我就會感到悲傷。四、If 錯綜虛擬語氣有

4、些條件句的主句謂語和從句謂語表示的動作在時間上并不一致，這類句子稱為錯綜時間條件句。If I had spoken to him yesterday, I should know what to do now.假如昨天我對他說了，現(xiàn)在我就知道該怎么辦了。If you had taken my advice then, you wouldnt be如果你當時聽我勸，你現(xiàn)在就不會有麻煩了。rouble now.If id rained last night, it might be very cold today.如果昨晚下雨的話，就會很冷了。五、If 的省略倒裝條件從句可以不用連詞 if，而將謂

5、語中的 were, had 或 should 移至主語之前。Were youyition, you would do the same.假如你處在地位，你也會這么干的。Had it not been for their support, we couldnve won the election.要不是有他們的支持，不可能贏得。Should they attack us, well wipe them oompley.假如他們進攻，就把他們徹底消滅干凈。第二節(jié) 名詞性從句中的虛擬表示“建議、命令、主張、要求、決定” 等動詞、名詞和形容詞的從句中常用(should) mend, require,

6、urge,do；常見有 suggest, advise, ask, insist, move, proe, order,demand, direct, insist 等動詞以及其名詞、形容詞形式。She demandedt I pay her immediay.她要求我立即付款給她。I pro我提議et Mr. Parr be the chairman.先生擔任。It was proedt this matter be discussed at the next meeting.有人提議這問題下次會上。Their requirement ist every member attendeast

7、one meeting per year.他們的要求是每位成員每年至少參加一次會議。He made the suggestiont they carry on their conversation in Japa.他建議在舉行會議。【注意】I suggest我提議The sistict we (should) go cam明天去野營。tomorrow.ggestt production has been on the increase since May.suggest 為“建議”時用虛擬；為“暗示，表明”時，從句謂語不用虛擬式。數(shù)據(jù)表明產(chǎn)量自五月份以來一直在增加。He insistedt h

8、e was right.他堅持認為自己是對的。He insistedt our laboratory report (should) be handed done.he day after the experiment was他堅持要求在做完實驗后第二天將實驗交上來。insist 意為“堅持要求”，如 insist 為“堅持認為”解，則不可用虛擬式。第三節(jié) 其他一、It is + 形容詞+t (should) do常見形容詞有：important, nesary, vital, crul, essential, imperative, urgent, preferable 等。It is es

9、sentialt you (should) whe voters hearts.贏得選民的心是絕對必要的。It is appropriatet this tax be abolished.這項是合適的。It is naturalt you should fet it.你忘掉這事是很自然的。It seems so unfairt this should happen to me.我身上竟發(fā)生這樣的事，這似乎很。二、It is (high) time +t +sb+didIts timet we ordered dinner.現(xiàn)在該點菜了。I think its timet they were t

10、aught a lesson.現(xiàn)在是給他們一次教訓的時候了。Its high timet you got a job and settled down.你該找個工作安定下來了。三、wish 后面的賓語從句1. 用過去式表示現(xiàn)在的情況，動詞 be 用 were 時較多I wish I were young again.真希望我能再年輕一次。I wish I had more time.但愿我有的時間。2. 用過去完成時的形式，表示過去的情況，常有遺憾的味道：I wish (t) I had listened to your advice.我要是聽你的勸告就好了。My father wishes (t) he had gone to university.我父親很希望自己上過大學。四、would rather“寧愿”Id rather you told me the truth.我寧愿你給我講真話。Id rather you hadnt told me about it.我倒寧愿你沒告訴我這件事。五、without“如果沒有”；but for