5B期末語法知識整理

1、5B期末語法知識整理動詞的形式：動詞后面加上ing : 、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：表示某個動作正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行。它的構(gòu)成方式是：主語+be+動詞ing現(xiàn)在分詞形式，有時會要求自己加上be動詞（is, am , are ）。句子中經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)look, listen, now等詞?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的變化 肯定句式：主語+be( am, is, are)+動詞ing+其它. 否定句式：主語+be(am, is, are) +not +動詞ing+其它. 一般疑問句：Be(am, is, are) +主語+動詞ing +其它？ 特殊疑問句：疑問詞(what , where)+be(am, is, are)+主語+動詞in

2、g +其它？ 對現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的特殊疑問句的回答，它不可以用Yes或No直接作答，要根據(jù)實際情況回答。練習(xí)：1. What are you _(do) now? I _(eat) bread.2. Its nine oclock. My father_(work) in the office.3. Look, the boy_(put) the plate on his finger.4. _he_(clean) the classroom? No, he isnt. He_(play).5. Where is Mak? He_(run) on the grass.6. Listen, who_(

3、sing) in the music room? Oh, Mary_(sing) there.like(s), go , do some , 后面的動詞加ing.如：1. I like (play ) football, but my father likes (play) chess.2.Lets go (swim).二、動詞后面加s/es. 這就有關(guān)一種時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時。一般現(xiàn)在時：表示經(jīng)常性的事情。時間狀語：often經(jīng)常, usually通常, always總是， every每個, every morning 每個早晨,every day每天, sometimes有時，at在幾點鐘它的

4、動詞變化與主語人稱有關(guān)，只有肯定句中第三人稱單數(shù)用動詞三單（動詞加s/es），其余動詞均用原形。在否定句和問句中，因為有助動詞do, dont , does , doesnt，所以后面的動詞用原形。三單變化： 多數(shù)在動詞后加s playplays likelikes 以s，x，sh，ch，o結(jié)尾的動詞加es gogoes washwashes watch-watches 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，把y改i再加es flyflies studystudies一般現(xiàn)在時的變化：1、肯定句：主語（非三單）+動原+其它 / 主語（he , she ）+動詞三單+其它。2、否定句：主語（非三單）+dont+動

5、原+其它 / 主語（he , she ）+動原+其它。3、一般疑問句：Do +主語（非三單）+動原+其它 / Does +主語（he, she ）+動原+其它。 4、特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞（What, Where ）+do +主語（非三單）+動原+其它 特殊疑問詞（What, Where）+ does +主語（he , she ）+動原+其它。練習(xí)：1. We often_(play) in the playgound.2. He _(get) up at six oclock.3. _you _(brush) your teeth every morning？4. What(do) he u

6、sually (do) after school?5. Danny (study) English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art at school.6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at night, she _(watch) TV with his parents.8. _ Mike_(read) English every day?9. How many lessons_your classmate_(have) on Monday?10. What time_hi

7、s mother_(do) the housework?11. What you usually (do ) on Sundays ?12. He ( not like ) ( drink ) tea .13. They (not like ) ( play ) cards.三、動詞用原形的名顯特征有：1、在can , cant, lets , shall we 后面用原形。2、助動詞do , dont , does , doesnt 后面動詞用原形。練習(xí)：1、He can ( put ) an egg on his mouth . 2. Lets ( clean ) the library

8、now. 3. Shall we (have ) lunch at eleven oclock? 4. Does your uncle (water) flowers every day ?祈使句： 1.祈使句的結(jié)構(gòu) 祈使句肯定結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語動詞一律用動詞原形。 Puton / in / under Touchwith Dotimes. Show us Lets Turn 祈使句的否定結(jié)構(gòu) 祈使句的否定結(jié)構(gòu)一律在肯定結(jié)構(gòu)之前加do not(dont). Eg:Stand up, please 請起立 Dont stand up, please. 請不要起立五、動名詞：動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞詞形一樣，均

9、由動詞ing構(gòu)成。動名詞具有名詞特征，在句中可 作主語、賓語、表語和定語。Collecting stamps is one of his hobbies. 作主語He likes watching football matches. 作賓語My favourite sport is fishing. 作表語Hes in the reading room. 作定語動名詞的構(gòu)成：一般情況，在動詞原形后加ing。 go going ，see seeing 。以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動詞，先去掉e，再加ing：take taking , live living以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞，如果詞尾只有1個輔音字母，

10、它的前面是單個元音字母，要先把詞尾的輔音字母雙寫，再加ing, run-running , swimswimming, putputting, stopstopping, sit-sitting. 六、時間的表達(dá)方式 由介詞to ,past構(gòu)成： 半小時以內(nèi)包括半小時用 “past”(從01分到30分,用幾點過幾分表達(dá)) half past one 1:30 ；a quarter past three 3:15 超過半小時用 “to”(從31分到59分用幾點差幾分表達(dá)） one to three 2:59小練習(xí)：用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1. Wang Bing is (write) an e

11、-mail to his friend in the study. 2. I (play) the piano, my brother (watch) TV now. 3.He can (swim), but I (not),I can (ski). 4.Lets (go) and (play) basketball . 5.Shall we (clean) the classroom now. 6.I (like) (skate),my parents (not),they (like) (swim). 7.Miss Green (like) (dance) very much. 8. (d

12、o) Uncle Wang (run) fast？9.GaoShan often (go) (swim) in Summer(夏天). 10.Do you (have) (some) (bobby)? Yes, I (do). 11 (do) your father (watch) TV in the evening?No, he (not). 12.This is Helen (speak). 13.Tom usually (play) football after school. 14.He (live) in a small town near Nanjing. 15.Pingping (write) an e-mail to his friend now. 16.What (do) Nancy usually (do)? She usually (grow) flowers .17. My father _ _(like) that song very much. He often _ _(sing) it. 18. _he _(watch) TV in the evening? No, he _19. My parents usually_(get) up at 6. My sister _(get) up