優(yōu)化方案新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅰ高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)第二部分題型專題突破二閱讀理解第四講詞義猜測(cè)題強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練

1、PAGE PAGE 9詞義猜測(cè)題詞義猜測(cè)題(一)A(2016洛陽(yáng)統(tǒng)一考試)One winter, my cousin and I were playing toy blocks in the yard. My mom was out for shopping to get groceries and my dad was asleep upstairs in his room. Suddenly, it started to snow. First it was just a little. But then it started to pour heavily.Then, we put th

2、e finishing touches to our blocks and headed back inside. Right when I opened the sliding glass door, my cousin fell down on the slippery wooden stairs. I let go of the door, my worst mistake, you see. The door locks automatically but I had put a rock, right next to the door so it wouldnt close. But

3、 while I was running to my cousins aid Id accidentally kicked the rock.Now, my cousin and I were locked outside. And unfortunately it started to get really windy. It was really freezing with the snow. First we started to call my dad, but he was sleeping soundly. I mean, slept through a tornado sound

4、ly. It was of no use.Then I tried to climb over the fence but it didnt work because the fence was iced by snow and wind, and the fence is six feet high. So, I climbed up to my tree house and brainstormed some ideas on ways to get in. At one point, I was seriously considering jumping out of the tree

5、house and using the trampoline(蹦床) to jump over the fence.So, we got to work. First, I took out the trampoline. Then I started to jump. First tryI almost cracked my head. Second trythis time I convinced my cousin to do it but at the last second, he chickened_out. Third tryI jumped and missed but at

6、the last second, my hand caught the fence, and with a lot of pushing I finally climbed over the fence and luckily, I fell on a big snowdrift.Then I got inside and unlocked the door for my cousin to get in. Finally, my mom came back. Then we shared this story to my mom and dad.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，講述的是作者與表

7、弟在后院玩耍時(shí)突遇風(fēng)雪天氣，因意外他們被鎖在門(mén)外的經(jīng)歷。1When the author wanted to jump in, the main problem was that_Athe fence was icyBthe fence was slippery and highCthe trampoline couldnt bear the weightDthe trampoline was too small解析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Then I tried to climb over the fence but it didnt work because the fence

8、was iced by snow and wind，and the fence is six feet high.”可知，作者之所以跳不過(guò)去是因?yàn)榛h笆又高又滑，即B項(xiàng)正確。2The attitude of the authors cousin towards jumping on the trampoline seems_ApassiveBpositiveCindifferent Dobjective解析：選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“this time I convinced my cousin to do it but at the last second，he chickened_

9、out”可知作者的表弟對(duì)作者的提議持消極態(tài)度，即A項(xiàng)正確。3The words “chickened out” (in Paragraph 5) most probably mean “_”Afell down Bcried outCjumped up Dbacked out解析：選D。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“this time I convinced my cousin to do it but at the last second，he chickened_out”中的convinced和but可知，作者說(shuō)服了表弟，但在最后一秒鐘表弟又打退堂鼓了，即D項(xiàng)正確。4Which would

10、 be the best title of the text?AClimbing over the Fence in the SnowBAn Adventure in the YardCFriendship Produces PleasureDWe Are Independent解析：選B。標(biāo)題歸納題。文章講述的是作者與表弟在后院玩積木時(shí)突遇風(fēng)雪天氣，因意外他們被鎖在門(mén)外時(shí)所采取的冒險(xiǎn)行動(dòng)，因此B項(xiàng)正確。B(2015北京東城區(qū)綜合練習(xí)二)Your car is a necessary part of your life.You use it every day.Of course，you wa

11、nt to hold on to it so you make sure it has the latest alarm and immobilizer(汽車防盜器)But despite all these，cars like yours are still stolen every day.In fact，in this country，one car is stolen almost every minute！And if your car is stolen，you only have a 50：50 chance of seeing it again.Each year，car cr

12、ime costs nearly 3 billion.Of course，if youre insured，you wont lose out，or will you？Firstly，you will have to pay extra insurance later on，and then you may not be offered the full amount by the agent.You will probably have to hire a car and you will also lose the value of the contents and accessories

13、(配件)in the car.Now comes the solution.An RAC Trackstar system，hidden in one of 47 possible secret locations(位置) in your car，is the key of our system.If your car is stolen，radio signals are sent at twentysecond intervals from the car to the RAC Trackstar National Control Center via a satellite networ

14、k.Then a computer gives the vehicles exact location，speed and direction.The RAC Trackstar National Control Center，which operates 24 hours a day，365 days a year，will immediately inform the police in the area where the car is located.Because the police receive information every twenty seconds，they wil

15、l always know the vehicles location.Once the thief has been arrested，your car will be returned to you.RAC Trackstar is unique in being able to provide the National Control Center with details of the exact location of your car，its speed and direction.And speed is the key to successful recovery of a s

16、tolen vehicle.RAC Trackstar Control will immediately tell the police if you report your car stolen and under the 24hour Guardian Option.It will also tell you if your car has been stolen.RAC Trackstars constant updates mean the police are kept informed of the cars location.All these greatly improve y

17、our chances of seeing your car again.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了一種汽車防盜系統(tǒng)RAC Trackstar。5If your car is stolen，you will have to _Ahire a new carBpay more insuranceCbuy a RAC Trackstar systemDinform the National Control Center解析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句中的“Firstly，you will have to pay extra insurance later on”可知，如果你的

18、車被盜了，你會(huì)付更多的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)用。故選B。6The Trackstar system can tell the police _Awhere the car isBhow the car is stolenCwho the thief isDwhat brand the car is解析：選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“RAC Trackstars constant updates mean the police are kept informed of the cars location.”可知，如果你的車被盜了，RAC Trackstar會(huì)提供車的具體位置給警方。故選A。7The und

19、erlined word “It” in the last paragraph refers to _Athe local police stationBthe Guardian OptionCthe insurance companyDthe RAC Trackstar Control解析：選D。指代判斷題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞所在句中的“also”和上一句可知，“It”應(yīng)指“RAC Trackstar Control”。故選D。8According to the passage，people with RAC Trackstar _Aare more likely to get the stolen

20、 cars backBhave less chance of being in an accidentCseldom get their vehicles damagedDautomatically find directions解析：選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“All these greatly improve your chances of seeing your car again.”可知，擁有RAC Trackstar的人找到自己被盜的車的機(jī)會(huì)更大。故選A。C(2016齊魯名校高三第一次聯(lián)考)Wikipedia is a freeaccess，free content In

21、ternet encyclopedia (百科全書(shū))，supported and hosted by the nonprofit Wikipedia Foundation.Wikipedia is ranked among the ten most popular websites and is considered the Internets largest and most popular general reference book.Now，Wikipedia is becoming Wookiepedia as scientists hope the informative websi

22、te will help us reach out to intelligent life forms.So aliens can learn about the human race.Astronomers would like to beam (播送) the entire contents of Wikipedia into space in the hope of contacting aliens.They want to send messages to hundreds of star systems and planets 20 light years away using r

23、adio telescopes.The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Institute，in California，wants to use powerful radio telescopes to try to reach Chewbacca and his mates in a galaxy (銀河系) far away.The plans will be discussed by astronomers at the weekend as some scientists fear the reply from ET might not

24、 turn out to be friendly.Institute scientist David Black said，“One question is if there are dangerous creatures we might be drawing their attention to ourselves.Another is if we go ahead，what message should be sent？There could be many civilizations out there，but if they are all listening and no one

25、is broadcasting or responding，then nothing will happen.”P(pán)rofessor Stephen Hawking，who has warned that intelligent aliens probably exist and we should keep a safe distance from them，is among those“If aliens visit us，the outcome would be much as when Columbus landed in America which didnt turn out wel

26、l for the Native Americans，”he said.Signals from Earths radio and TV broadcasts have been heading out in space for some 60 years reaching around 5，000 stars.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】維基百科要變身星戰(zhàn)維基了?？茖W(xué)家向外星文明發(fā)送維基百科，希望這個(gè)百科似的網(wǎng)站能幫助外星文明了解地球，幫助我們聯(lián)系外星人。9Wikipedia is becoming Wookiepedia because_Awe human beings intend to help an

27、d save aliensBscientists wish to explore other planets similar to the earthCastronomers hope to get in touch with aliensDaliens might fight against the human race解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句和第二段的第一句可知應(yīng)選C。10What does the underlined word those in the fourth paragraph refer to?AAliens from space.BAstronomers

28、sending signals.CScientists for the plans.DScientists against the plans.解析：選D。代詞指代題。根據(jù)第三、四段可知有些科學(xué)家害怕外星人的反饋可能并不友好，霍金教授也在其中。因此，“those”應(yīng)該指代反對(duì)這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃的科學(xué)家。11What has Prof.Stephen Hawking warned?AIntelligent aliens would probably land in America.BThe plans will be in vain and nothing will happen.CNone of the

29、 civilizations would reply.DAliens would bring disasters to the human race.解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句可知，如果外星人訪問(wèn)我們，后果很可能會(huì)像哥倫布到達(dá)美洲時(shí)對(duì)土著美洲人那樣給他們帶來(lái)災(zāi)難。12Which can be the best title?AWikipedia，the most popular websiteBWikipedia to be beamed into spaceCWikipedia，alienss best friendDWikipedia to result in a dis

30、aster解析：選B。標(biāo)題歸納題。B項(xiàng)能概括全文，含主旨關(guān)鍵詞：播放、太空。故選B。詞義猜測(cè)題(二)A(2015江西贛州高三摸底考試)PangaeaScientists in the early 1900s put forward the continental drift theory(大陸漂移說(shuō))They said that a great number of years ago，the seven continents we know today were a single，giant continent.A scientist named Alfred Wegener named it

31、 Pangaea.The name Pangaea comes from the Greek phrase for “all Earth”The theorys timeline went against popular belief that Earth was only a few thousand years old.People wanted to believe that God had created Earth rather than the forces of nature.Wegener argued in favor of the continental drift the

32、ory in 1920.Pangaea was a Cshaped landform that was spread across the equator(赤道)The large body of water within the crescent(月牙形) was called the Tethys Sea.The vast ocean that flowed around the continent was called Panthalassa.The area of Pangaea would have been very vast.Inland regions would have b

33、een extremely dry from a lack of water.Animals could migrate freely from the North to the South Poles.It is believed that the breakup of Pangaea began about 180 million years ago.This happened in the Jurassic Period.Over many millions of years，it broke into the seven continents as we know them today

34、.The first stage of the breakup began about 180 million years ago.This change started when a large fault line(斷層線) split.Activity would have started through earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.A gap was created through Pangaea that stretched from the Tethys Ocean to the east.This took place between w

35、hat is now North America and Africa.The first split created two smaller continents.The southern one is known as Gondwana and the northern one Laurasia.Then another breakup began about 150 to 140 million years ago.At this time，the minor continent of Gondwana broke into four continents.These became Af

36、rica，South America，India，and Australia.The final stage of the breakup was about 60 to 55 million years ago.North America broke free from Eurasia.This opened up the Norwegian Sea.But the supporters of this theory also say that Pangaea was not the first giant continent.The earliest possible giant cont

37、inent is Columbia supercontinent.Scientists think it existed between 1.8 and 1.5 billion years ago.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇科普說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了“大陸漂移說(shuō)”的提出者、提出時(shí)間及內(nèi)容。1What did Pangaea look like?AIt was shaped like a C.BIt was shaped like a ball.CIt looked like the moon.DIt looked like Panthalassa.解析：選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Pangae

38、a was a Cshaped landform that was spread.”可知，泛大陸(Pangaea)的形狀看起來(lái)像字母C。故答案選A。2What can be inferred about the drift theory?AIt was a little bit absurd.BIt was very controversial.CIt came from Greek.DIt was popular in 1900s.解析：選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一、二段內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)Alfred Wegener提出“大陸漂移說(shuō)”時(shí)，該學(xué)說(shuō)與人們當(dāng)時(shí)的觀點(diǎn)大相徑庭(那時(shí)人們普遍認(rèn)為地球僅僅存在了

39、幾千年而已，而且是上帝創(chuàng)造了地球)。故答案選B。3The underlined word “This” refers to _Athe Tethys OceanBthe PangaeaCthe gap Dthe east解析：選C。指代判斷題。根據(jù)“This”前一句“A gap was created through Pangaea that stretched from the.”可知，由于地震和火山爆發(fā)，在泛大陸上裂開(kāi)了一道從古地中海延伸到東部的缺口(gap)，這個(gè)缺口就存在于現(xiàn)在的北美洲和非洲之間。故“This”指代前面提到的缺口(gap)。故答案選C。4From the text we

40、 know that _Athere were three major stages in the breakup of PangaeaBColumbia supercontinent caused the breakup of PangaeaCthe continental drift theory was named after Alfred WegenerDthe seven continents appeared before the Jurassic Period解析：選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第四句中“The first stage of the breakup began ab

41、out”，倒數(shù)第六句“Then another breakup began about 150 to 140 million years ago.”以及該段倒數(shù)第三句“The final stage of the breakup was about 60 to 55 million years ago.”可知，泛大陸經(jīng)歷了三次大斷裂。故答案選A。B(2015太原二模)Washington：NASA has announced evidence that Jupiters largest moon，Ganymede，has a saltwater ocean under its icy surf

42、ace.The ocean seems to have more water than all the water on Earths surface，according to new Hubble observations.New Hubble observations of Ganymedes magnetic field strongly suggest that the moon，which is the largest in our whole solar system，is home to a subsurface ocean.Scientists estimate that th

43、e ocean is 95 kilometres thick，which is about 10 times deeper than Earths oceans.But unlike our salty waters，Ganymedes ocean is buried under 150 kilometres of ice.While scientists have speculated(推測(cè)) since the 1970s about the presence of an ocean on Ganymedethe largest moon in our solar systemuntil

44、now the only observational evidence came from a brief flyby by the Galileo spacecraft，which didnt observe the moon long enough to confirm a liquid ocean.This discovery marks an important milestone，highlighting what only Hubble can accomplish.In its 25 years in orbit，Hubble has made many scientific d

45、iscoveries in our own solar system.A deep ocean under the icy surface of Ganymede opens up further exciting possibilities for life beyond Earth.Scientists_have_already_confirmed_the_existence_of_an_ocean_on_Europa，another moon orbiting Jupiter，and NASA has announced plans to send an unmanned mission

46、 there searching for the life that might come with liquid water.Hubble is a telescope that orbits Earth，but because of its impressive gravitational analyses it can be used to study the inside of far distant planets.Using these same principles，scientists could theoretically detect oceans on distant e

47、xoplanets as well.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。NASA證實(shí)木星的最大衛(wèi)星Ganymede上有海洋，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)再次拓寬了科學(xué)家的視野，使探尋太陽(yáng)系內(nèi)地球以外的生命的努力更進(jìn)一步。5What can we learn about Ganymede from the passage?AIt is a planet with the largest moon in our whole solar system.BIts ocean adds to peoples excitement about life beyond Earth.CIt will be used by NASA

48、as a base for the Hubble telescope.DIts liquid ocean was first proved by the Galileo spacecraft.解析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句“A deep ocean under the icy surface of Ganymede opens up further exciting possibilities for life beyond Earth.”可知，木星衛(wèi)星上海洋的存在激發(fā)了人們探索地球以外的生命的熱情。故選B項(xiàng)。6Which of the following best describ

49、es the writers attitude towards Hubble?ACautious. BDoubtful.CNegative. DFavourable.解析：選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“This discovery marks an important milestone，highlighting what only Hubble can accomplish.”可知，這次里程碑式的發(fā)現(xiàn)只有哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡能夠完成，由此可推知，作者對(duì)哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡持支持態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。7What does the underlined part in Paragraph 6 mean?AAn un

50、derground ocean has been found in Europa.BThe presence of an underground ocean in Europa is not possible.CIt is now certain that there is an ocean on Europa.DNo evidence has shown the existence of an ocean on Europa.解析：選C。句意理解題。根據(jù)第六段中的“and NASA has announced plans to send an unmanned mission there s

51、earching for the life that might come with liquid water”可知，因?yàn)镋uropa上有水存在，NASA才宣布要在Europa上搜尋地外生命；由此可推知，畫(huà)線句意為：科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)證實(shí)Europa上存在海洋。故選C項(xiàng)。8What type of writing does this passage belong to?AA term essay.BA news report.CAn experiment report.DAn exploration review.解析：選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Washington：NASA has annou

52、nced evidence.”及文章內(nèi)容可推知，本文為一篇新聞報(bào)道。故選B項(xiàng)。C(2016河南六市第一次聯(lián)考)At an outdoor restaurant，a cockroach(蟑螂)flew in and landed on a woman.She started screaming out of fear；with a panic stricken face and trembling voice，she started jumping，with both her hands desperately trying to get rid of the cockroach.Her rea

53、ction was spreading，as everyone in her group also got into a panic.The woman finally managed to flick the cockroach away but it landed on a man in the group who continued the drama.In the relay of throwing，the cockroach next fell upon a waitress who had rushed to their rescue.The waitress stood firm

54、，calmed herself and observed the behavior of the cockroach on her blouse.When she was confident enough，she grabbed it and threw it out of the restaurant.Sipping my coffee and watching the amusement，I started wondering：Was the cockroach responsible for their funny behavior？If so，then why was the wait

55、ress not disturbed？She handled the situation to near perfection，without panic.It was not the cockroach，but the inability of the customers to handle the disturbance caused by the cockroach that disturbed them.I realized that its not the shouting of my children or my boss or my wife that disturbs me，but my inability to handle the disturbances caused by their shouting.Its not the traffic jams on the road that disturb me，but my inability to handle the disturbance caus