福特汽車NVH（噪聲）知識(shí)培訓(xùn)教材ppt課件

1、1.1 NVH Overview NVH 概論Ford Motor Company Vehicle Attributes Engineering福特汽車公司整車設(shè)計(jì)部門Vehicle NVH AwarenessJ.Juan/M.Haffey1.What is NVH?什么是NVH呢？Noise-what the customer hears 噪聲- 指的是顧客所能聽到的聲音 Sound mainly in the 20HZ10000HZ frequency range.聲音的頻率大體上在20赫茲到10000赫茲之間。 Characterized by frequency,level and q

2、uality.經(jīng)過(guò)頻率、級(jí)別和音質(zhì)來(lái)描畫。Vibration-What the customer fells and sees. 振動(dòng)-指的是顧客所覺得到的和看到的。 Motion sensed by the body mainly in the 0.5HZ50HZ frequency range.身體所能感知運(yùn)動(dòng)的頻率范圍通常在0.5赫茲到50赫茲之間。 Characterized by frequency,level and direction.經(jīng)過(guò)頻率、振幅和方向來(lái)描畫。Harshness-Combined effects of noise and vibration 不溫馨性-指的是噪

3、聲和振動(dòng)的綜合影響。 Rough,grating or discordant sensations.粗野的，刺耳的或不調(diào)和的覺得。Vehicle NVH Awareness1.1 NVH Overview2.NVH must fulfill legal requirements. NVH必需滿足法定的要求。NVH should provide the acoustical/tactile feedback for safe and confident driving. NVH應(yīng)該使乘員在駕駛方面有平安和自信的覺得。 Link to operating conditions. 在各種操作環(huán)境。

4、Connection to earth. 在各種路面。NVH should avoid any negative perception. NVH應(yīng)該防止任何不好的覺得。 unpleasant ,unrefined ,unexpected ,and annoying events. 令人不愉快的，粗鄙的，預(yù)料之外的和令人厭惡的事情。NVH can exceed customer expectations. NVH應(yīng)該能超越顧客的期望值。Vehicle NVH Awareness1.1 NVH Overview3NVH ObjectivesNVH的目的.NVH link to customer s

5、atisfactionNVH反映了消費(fèi)者稱心的程度TGRPress review(examples) TGR媒體評(píng)論例如 “Fiesta has a surprisingly quiet & well refined engine “ Fiesta有一臺(tái)令人詫異的安靜而且溫馨的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī) “F150 ride is smooth quiet with the 4.6 L “F150乘坐溫馨安靜的4.6升發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)汽車TGRThings Gone Wrong 20%30% of TGW is NVH related. TGR所埋怨的事情 20%30%埋怨的產(chǎn)生都是與NVH有關(guān)系的。Vehicle NVH

6、 Awareness1.1 NVH Overview4.Vehicle NVH Awareness1.1 NVH Overview5NVH Links to Company ProfitNVH關(guān)系著公司的利益1529% of warranty cost has noise as a condition code. 1529%的保修的費(fèi)用是破費(fèi)在與噪聲有關(guān)的。1994 model year,36MIS,warranty cost associated with all noise was $346 million 18% of total warranty. 94年型車，3年的在用車，在噪聲方面

7、的保修費(fèi)用 是3.46億美圓占總費(fèi)用的18%。.Vehicle NVH Awareness1.1 NVH Overview6NVH Links to Company Profit NVH關(guān)系著公司的利益NVH Prototype cost reduction opportunity. COMBINED COST BREAKDOWN PROTOTYPE COST CONTRIBUTION 綜合本錢明細(xì) 樣機(jī)破費(fèi)的組成 (TASE+SAFETY+NVH) TASE+平安設(shè)備+NVHTotal Cost=$303M (Base on TASE,Safety,NVH Cost of Attribute

8、 Studies總支出=3.03億美圓 基于TASE，平安，NVH的研討費(fèi)用.Vehicle NVH Awareness1.1 NVH Overview7Sound Generation Mechanism產(chǎn)生噪聲的原理Multiple mechanisms generate a variability of vehicle sound. 汽車所產(chǎn)生噪聲的原理是多種多樣的。Combustion Airflow,pumping熄滅 氣流，進(jìn)排氣Impacts between components Airflow,turbulences零件之間的撞擊 氣流，(液體或氣體的)紊亂Friction c

9、ontact of components Surface roughness構(gòu)件之間的摩擦 粗糙的外表Rotating parts Unbalance masses 旋轉(zhuǎn)的部件 不平衡塊Flow in pipes Tire force variation在管中的流動(dòng) 輪胎壓力的變化.Vehicle NVH Awareness1.1 NVH Overview8Vehicle Sounds汽車的噪聲Combustion noise wind noise Gear rattle Bearing knock熄滅的噪聲 風(fēng)的噪聲 齒輪傳動(dòng)的聲音 軸承的敲擊聲Diesel knocking Sunroof

10、 noise Gear whine Electric windows柴油機(jī)的敲擊聲 遮陽(yáng)頂棚的噪聲 齒輪的聲音 電動(dòng)窗的噪聲Valve train Door slam Gear lever tizz Tire noise 氣閥機(jī)構(gòu)的噪聲 門的砰的聲音 變速桿換檔的噪聲 輪胎的噪聲FEAD noise Central locking Driveline clonk Exhaust noise FEAD噪聲 中央門鎖的噪聲 動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的噪聲 排氣噪聲PAS noise Switch noise Driveline thrash Squeaks and rattles動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)的聲音 開關(guān)的噪聲

11、 動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的噪聲 吱吱聲和喀嚓聲Fuel pump noise Indicator ticking Road noise Water splash noise 燃油泵的噪聲 指示器的滴答聲 道路的噪聲 水濺的噪聲Alternator whine Windscreen wipe noise Impact harshness Intake noise 交流發(fā)電機(jī)的噪聲 擋風(fēng)玻璃的噪聲 撞擊振動(dòng)聲 通風(fēng)口的噪聲.Vehicle NVH Awareness1.1 NVH Overview9NVH PhenomenaNVH景象OPERATING CONDITION操作環(huán)境DESCRIPTION描畫S

12、OURCE 資源Pass-ByDecelerationCruiseAccelerationIdleStaring Boom Rumble Growl Whine Rattle SquealHissEngine Transmission Exhaust/intake Road Wind Tire.Vehicle NVH Awareness1.1 NVH Overview10Vehicle Noise Examples 汽車的噪聲舉例Wind Noise(80 mph HST)-1/12th Octave Spectrum. 風(fēng)的噪聲80英里每小時(shí)的高速實(shí)驗(yàn)1/12倍頻程分貝頻率.Vehicle

13、NVH Awareness1.1 NVH Overview11Vehicle Noise Examples汽車噪聲舉例Road Noise(40mph Rough Rd.)-Narrow Spectrum. 道路噪聲40英里每小時(shí)在粗糙路面之上-窄頻。.Vehicle NVH Awareness1.1 NVH Overview12Vehicle Noise Examples汽車噪聲舉例Power Noise(WOT)-Loudness&speech Intelligibility. 動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)噪聲WOT-響度以及說(shuō)話的明晰度.Vehicle NVH Awareness1.1 NVH Overvi

14、ew13Subjective Impression客觀感受Created by the brain based on: 建立在頭腦覺得的根底之上：database,data analysis “This sounds like an engine 資料庫(kù)，數(shù)據(jù)分析 “這種噪聲好像一臺(tái)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)experience “I have head a variety of engines 閱歷 “我聽到了發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的聲音bias “has never built good engines 偏見 “從來(lái)沒有消費(fèi)過(guò)好的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī) Company uses VERS to produce consistent rati

15、ngs. 公司用定額目的的方法消費(fèi)產(chǎn)品。Engineering Rating Index工程額定指標(biāo)Evaluation of attribute Performance品質(zhì)性能評(píng)價(jià)Customer Satisfaction(for this attribute)消費(fèi)者的滿意度（對(duì)于品質(zhì)方面）Improvement Desired by渴望得到改進(jìn)的人3Not acceptable 不能接受的Very Dissatisfied很不滿意All Customers所有的消費(fèi)者6acceptable 可以接受的Fairly Well Satisfied還算感到滿意Critical Customers

16、愛挑剔的顧客 10Excellent優(yōu)秀Completely Satisfied完全滿意Not Perceptible很少的顧客.Vehicle NVH Awareness1.1 NVH Overview14Subjective/Objective Correlation客觀與客觀的相互關(guān)系Objective measure is required for target setting/cascading. 客觀的方法需求滿足目的的設(shè)置和層次。.Vehicle NVH Awareness1.1 NVH Overview15Road NVH Target Cascade道路NVH目的層次Road

17、 NVH(1)Body Acoustic &Vibration sensitivities(4)Airborne Noise(3)Structure borne NVH(2)Suspension ForceInput in Body(5)Point Mobiles(8)Body Modes(9)Body Structure(10)Panel Damping &Noise Isolation(11)Seat VibrationTransmissibility(12)Seat modes(13)Sleeping columnVIB Sensitivity (14)Power train modes

18、(15)Body/Frame/Sub frame Force Transmissibility(16)Suspension ForceTransmissibility(19)Body/Frame/Sub frame Mounts(17)Frame/Sub frame Modes(18)Suspension Mounts(20)Suspension Friction/sticktion(21)Shock Damping(22)Suspension Geometry(23)Road/Tire Contact force(26)Tire Properties(27)Tire Pressure(28)

19、Tire Size/Aspect Ratio(29)Tire Modes(30)Wheel Modes(31)Strut Modes(30)Imbalance Force(32)Sound PackageNoise Reduction(6)Tire Radiated Noise(7)Barrier Transmission Loss(33)Absorption(42)Carpet(43)Seat Material(44)Headliner(45)Wheelhouse(38)Floor(39)Side Panel(40)Glass(41)Lockage(34)Area ofHoles(pass-

20、Through)(35)Wheel Modes(36).Vehicle NVH Awareness1.1 NVH Overview16Road NVH Design Guidelines道路NVH設(shè)計(jì)指點(diǎn)Reduce body noise transfer functions(0.01Pa/N) 減少車身傳送的噪聲( 0.01Pa/N )。Design interior cavity nodal point at passengers head position. 在乘客頭的位置設(shè)計(jì)通風(fēng)口。Reduce suspension force input to body. 減少輸入車體的中止力量。I

21、ncrease seat isolation above 6 Hz(transmissibility0.5mm/s/N). 增大座椅在 6 赫茲以上的隔絕.(能傳送5:1). 添加車身附件剛性/襯套剛性比(5:1)。Assure good modal separation. 保證好的模態(tài)分別。 -separate major body modes and acoustic cavities. 分別主要的車體模態(tài)和有聲音的。 -separate body modes from suspension modes. 分別車體方式中的懸掛部分。 -separate wheel modes from t

22、ire modes. 把車輪和車胎別分開來(lái)。Reduce tire/wheel unbalance and tire radiated noise. 減少車胎/輪不平衡性和車胎的輻射噪聲。.Vehicle NVH Awareness1.1 NVH Overview17Vehicle Attributes Compatibility車輛的兼容特性.Vehicle NVH Awareness1.1 NVH Overview18Course Expected Outcomes課程預(yù)期的結(jié)果Understanding and appreciation of each major systems inf

23、luence on NVH. 了解和正確評(píng)價(jià)各個(gè)主要系統(tǒng)對(duì)NVH的影響。Understanding of design concept and guidelines for NVH and their trade- offs with other vehicle attributes. 了解NVH的設(shè)計(jì)觀念和指點(diǎn)方法以及其和車輛其它屬性的協(xié)調(diào)。Understanding of engineering best practices and appropriate NVH tools/methods. 了解工程中最好的常用的和適當(dāng)?shù)腘VH設(shè)備/方法。Recognizing company expects and contact person for future assistance. 了解公司的期望和認(rèn)識(shí)以后有協(xié)助的人。.Vehicle NVH Awareness1.1 NVH Overview19NVH DepartmentsNVH部門 Department 部門Manager管理人員Profs教授Vehicle NVH 車輛NVHTom LahvicTLAHVICSystem NVH 系統(tǒng)NVHRon QuagliaRQUAGLIAVehicle NVH Europe 車輛歐洲NVHKarl-Heinz BurgerKBUERGERP/T NVH&CAE P/T