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1、 PAGE26 / NUMPAGES26畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi) 題 報(bào) 告課 題 名 稱 寧武至神池一級(jí)公路設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué)生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)題報(bào)告學(xué) 生 姓 名學(xué) 號(hào)專業(yè)班級(jí)系別指導(dǎo)教師職稱課題名稱寧武至神池一級(jí)公路設(shè)計(jì)1課題設(shè)計(jì)的目的和意義1.1課題設(shè)計(jì)的目的培養(yǎng)自己的綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí),結(jié)合實(shí)際獨(dú)立完成課題的工作能力。對(duì)自己的知識(shí)面,掌握知識(shí)的深度,運(yùn)用理論結(jié)合實(shí)際去處理問(wèn)題的能力,實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)芰?外語(yǔ)水平,計(jì)算機(jī)運(yùn)用水平,書面與口頭表達(dá)能力進(jìn)行考核。提高計(jì)算、繪圖、查閱文獻(xiàn)、使用規(guī)手冊(cè)和編寫技術(shù)文件與計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算等基本技能,使我們了解生產(chǎn)設(shè)計(jì)的主要容和要求。熟練道路設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)與細(xì)節(jié),同時(shí)畢業(yè)前培養(yǎng)好的態(tài)度和習(xí)慣,踏實(shí)
2、做事的精神,很有好處。1.2課題設(shè)計(jì)的意義 本次一級(jí)公路全長(zhǎng)接近5里,途徑陽(yáng)方口工礦鎮(zhèn),進(jìn)入神池縣。這條道路極大的方便了兩縣人民的生產(chǎn)生活,大大縮減了所需消耗的時(shí)間和成本,典型是方便、快速,并且連通沿線所有地方,其中包括麻峪村、三岔村、上溫嶺等村莊,利用效率極高。第二,因?yàn)榉奖憧旖莸统杀?,使得交通運(yùn)輸便利,各行各業(yè)會(huì)迅速發(fā)展,極大的吸引招商投資等,絕對(duì)是會(huì)提高人們生活水平。同時(shí)也會(huì)帶動(dòng)旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展,稅收等等也都會(huì)大大增加,所謂取之于民用之于民,受益于人民,政府也隨時(shí)方便管理周邊村莊,人民安居樂(lè)業(yè)。2課題設(shè)計(jì)的主要容2.1線性設(shè)計(jì)道路平面線形設(shè)計(jì),是根據(jù)汽車行駛的力學(xué)性質(zhì)和行駛軌跡要求,合理地確
3、定平面線形三要素的幾何參數(shù),保持線形的連續(xù)性和均衡性。并注意使線形與地形、地物、環(huán)境和景觀等協(xié)調(diào)。由于線形要素的確定是以設(shè)計(jì)速度為依據(jù)的,因此,對(duì)車速較高的道路,線形設(shè)計(jì)還應(yīng)考慮汽車行駛美學(xué)與駕駛員視覺(jué)和心理上的要求。2.2路線縱斷面設(shè)計(jì)沿道路中心線縱向垂直剖切的一個(gè)立面。它表達(dá)了道路沿線起伏變化的狀況。道路縱斷面設(shè)計(jì)主要是根據(jù)道路的性質(zhì)和等級(jí),汽車類型和行駛性能,沿線地形、地物的狀況,當(dāng)?shù)貧夂?、水文、土質(zhì)的條件以與排水的要求,具體確定縱坡的大小和各點(diǎn)的標(biāo)高。為了適應(yīng)行車的要求,各級(jí)公路和城市道路中的快速路、主干路與相鄰坡度代數(shù)差大于1%的其他道路,在縱坡變更處均應(yīng)設(shè)置豎曲線,因而,道路縱斷面
4、設(shè)計(jì)線是由直線和豎曲線所組成。2.3路線橫斷面設(shè)計(jì)公路橫斷面的組成和各部分尺寸要根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)交通量、交通組成、設(shè)計(jì)車速、地形條件等因素確定,在滿足交通、環(huán)境、公用設(shè)施管線敷設(shè)與排水要求的前提下,經(jīng)濟(jì)合理的確定各組成部分的寬度以與相互之間和位置與高差,盡量做到用地省、投資少、使道路發(fā)揮其最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益。2.4路基邊坡穩(wěn)定性支擋或防護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)為保證路基、路塹邊坡的穩(wěn)定性,就影響邊坡穩(wěn)定性的因素,從地質(zhì)條件、氣候環(huán)境條件與邊坡高度等方面進(jìn)行了分析,提出了不同的防護(hù)措施。防護(hù)類型的選擇應(yīng)綜合考慮工程地質(zhì)、水文地質(zhì)、邊坡高度、環(huán)境條件、施工條件和工期等因素的影響,對(duì)于路基穩(wěn)定性不足和存在不良地質(zhì)因
5、素的路段,應(yīng)注意路基邊坡防護(hù)與支擋加固的綜合設(shè)計(jì)。路基支擋結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)滿足在各種設(shè)計(jì)荷載組合下支擋結(jié)構(gòu)的穩(wěn)定、堅(jiān)固和耐久;結(jié)構(gòu)類型選擇與設(shè)置位置的確定應(yīng)安全可靠、經(jīng)濟(jì)合理、便于施工養(yǎng)護(hù);結(jié)構(gòu)材料應(yīng)符合耐久、耐腐蝕的要求。這有賴于路基邊坡支擋設(shè)計(jì)理論與坡面防護(hù)技術(shù)。2.5路面結(jié)構(gòu)組合設(shè)計(jì) 給設(shè)計(jì)指標(biāo)、設(shè)計(jì)要求與設(shè)計(jì)資料,結(jié)合有關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī),分別計(jì)算和確定瀝青混凝土路面和水泥混凝土路面的累計(jì)當(dāng)量軸次與各結(jié)構(gòu)層材料、厚度等,完成路面結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。并對(duì)不同結(jié)構(gòu)材料與交通量組成路面層做進(jìn)一步的對(duì)比優(yōu)化,大程度的滿足強(qiáng)度和耐久性的多方面要求。2.6路基路面綜合排水設(shè)計(jì)路的眾多因素之中,水是主要的自然因素。水的作用會(huì)
6、加劇路基路面結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞,加快路面使用性能的惡化,縮短道路的使用壽命。因此公路排水是公路工程的重要組成部分,以確保路基具有足夠的強(qiáng)度與穩(wěn)定性。在施工時(shí)要校核全線路基排水系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)是否完備和妥善,必要時(shí)應(yīng)予以補(bǔ)充或修改,應(yīng)重視排水工程的質(zhì)量和使用效果。設(shè)置施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的臨時(shí)性排水措施,消除路基基底和土體與水有關(guān)的隱患,保證路基工程質(zhì)量,提高施工效率。也修建必要的路基路面排水設(shè)施.2.7橋梁的總體布置方案地形圖上發(fā)現(xiàn)會(huì)有很多地勢(shì)高低不平的位置,有河流也有高山,但是設(shè)計(jì)路線繞過(guò)去會(huì)比較很不符合實(shí)際設(shè)計(jì)情況,所以會(huì)設(shè)計(jì)若干橋梁來(lái)適應(yīng)環(huán)境,與環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào),橋位、水文、地質(zhì)、氣象資料來(lái)作為依據(jù)設(shè)計(jì),當(dāng)然對(duì)環(huán)境也有
7、諸多破壞,得權(quán)衡利弊,以求各方面利益最大化。2.8各項(xiàng)工程數(shù)量計(jì)算與統(tǒng)計(jì)工程量是工程造價(jià)的關(guān)鍵工作,工程量計(jì)算的精度和快慢程度也極為重要,是工程之本。2.9簡(jiǎn)述施工方案 方案如下:a.道路施工測(cè)量,包括測(cè)量設(shè)備設(shè)置、設(shè)置坐標(biāo)控制網(wǎng)與水準(zhǔn)點(diǎn),測(cè)量設(shè)備設(shè)置。b. 場(chǎng)地清理,對(duì)原有地形上所有不符合設(shè)計(jì)高程的位置都進(jìn)行清理。c.道路工程,包括路面土方開(kāi)挖,路面基層施工。d.雨季施工措施:雨季將采取劃小施工段落,增加平行施工工作面。保證路面排水系統(tǒng)暢通。另外應(yīng)注意掌握雨季氣象質(zhì)料。施工前和施工中經(jīng)常與氣象臺(tái)聯(lián)系??傊磺袊?yán)格按照設(shè)計(jì)圖紙進(jìn)行規(guī)施工。3課題設(shè)計(jì)的研究方法1.1道路選線根據(jù)道路的性質(zhì)、任務(wù)
8、、等級(jí)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn),結(jié)合地形、地質(zhì)、地物與其它沿線條件,綜合平、縱、橫三方面因素,在實(shí)地或紙上選定道路路中線平面位置。一般方法:實(shí)地選線;紙上選線;自動(dòng)化選線道路選線原則:對(duì)路線方案作深入、細(xì)致的研究,在多方案論證、必選的基礎(chǔ)上,選定最優(yōu)路線方案; 在保證行車安全、舒適、迅速的前提下,做到工程量小、造價(jià)低、營(yíng)運(yùn)費(fèi)用省、效益好,并有利于施工和養(yǎng)護(hù);處理好選線與農(nóng)業(yè)的關(guān)系,少占田地;路線與周圍環(huán)境、景觀相協(xié)調(diào); 弄清工程地質(zhì)和水文地質(zhì)的影響; 選線應(yīng)重視環(huán)境保護(hù)。對(duì)于高速公路和一級(jí)公路,由于其路幅寬,可根據(jù)地形,合理采用上下行車道分離的形式設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)所給地形圖選線,共選得三個(gè)方案,如下,附方案圖:方案一
9、:此條方案選取的線路全長(zhǎng)2公里有余,圓曲線半徑選取的較大,和相鄰的緩和曲線相結(jié)合具有很好的視線美和曲線條美,銜接平緩,并且盡量沒(méi)有占山地、丘陵等地質(zhì)不良地段,少占農(nóng)田,并且路線近村而不進(jìn)村,比較方便群眾生活。寧武到神池一級(jí)公路設(shè)計(jì)路線一方案二:此條線路的交叉點(diǎn)只有2個(gè),路線2公里不到,線路短才選取此條線路,但圓曲線半徑不大,路況曲線要素勉強(qiáng)滿足條件,其實(shí)用性不好,故而不選取此條線路二。寧武到神池一級(jí)公路設(shè)計(jì)路線二方案三:此方案依然是開(kāi)始的圓曲線半徑不大,而且線路很長(zhǎng),近2.3公里,而且經(jīng)過(guò)高壓潮繞線,施工增加難度,安全性降低,不過(guò)坡度很平緩,挖填方不大,與方案一相比還是方案一利民,平曲線與直線
10、配合較好。寧武到神池一級(jí)公路設(shè)計(jì)路線三1.2平縱橫設(shè)計(jì)a證行車安全和平順。即要要遵守線規(guī)的各項(xiàng)規(guī)定。 b.資金。設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)必須根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)線的特點(diǎn),分析設(shè)計(jì)路段的具體情況,綜合考慮工程和運(yùn)營(yíng)的要求、通過(guò)方案比較,正確處理兩者之間的矛盾。 c.滿足各類建筑物的技術(shù)要求,還要保證它們協(xié)調(diào)配合、總體布置合理。 1.3路基與路面設(shè)計(jì)考慮到寧武至神池一級(jí)公路主要位于平原地區(qū),人口密集,房屋建筑密集,并有舊路和河流出現(xiàn),并且本路段地質(zhì)狀況較好,該項(xiàng)目所經(jīng)地區(qū)以粘土為主,并有花崗巖等巖類,但埋置深度較深。土壤主要有白砂土、黃砂土、泥砂土、泥土。本地區(qū)屬位于中國(guó)亞熱帶和暖溫帶的過(guò)渡帶上,四季分明,冬寒夏熱,秋涼春早,
11、日照充足,降雨豐沛。 需對(duì)地基進(jìn)行處理,此路段為一級(jí)道路,出于對(duì)行車速度、環(huán)保性、承載力和成本等多方面的考慮和要求,這里我們選用水泥混凝土路面,可以滿足設(shè)計(jì)的路面要求。4實(shí)施計(jì)劃第七學(xué)期第二十周到第二十一周 熟悉設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)、調(diào)研、外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯第八學(xué)期第一周到第二周 進(jìn)行開(kāi)題報(bào)告撰寫、開(kāi)題答辯第八學(xué)期第三周 公路平面圖設(shè)計(jì)第八學(xué)期第四周 公路縱斷面圖設(shè)計(jì)第八學(xué)期第五周 公路橫斷面圖設(shè)計(jì)第八學(xué)期第六周 邊坡穩(wěn)定性驗(yàn)算、支擋結(jié)構(gòu)物設(shè)計(jì)與不良地基處理設(shè)計(jì)第八學(xué)期第七周 公路排水與防護(hù)工程設(shè)計(jì)第八學(xué)期第八周 公路路面結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算與繪圖第八學(xué)期第九周 公路其他構(gòu)造物和交通工程設(shè)計(jì)第八學(xué)期第十周 完成畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明
12、書、計(jì)算書和圖紙(或論文)初稿第八學(xué)期第十二周 根據(jù)指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)對(duì)初稿進(jìn)行修改,完成定稿第八學(xué)期第十三周 到第十四周答辯資格審查第八學(xué)期第十五周 進(jìn)行畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)/論文答辯5主要參考文獻(xiàn)1公路工程技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(JTG B01-2003).:人民交通,2003.2公路水泥混凝土路面設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)(JTG D 40-2011):人民交通,2011.3公路路線設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)(JTG D20-2006):人民交通,2006.4公路路基設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)(JTG D30-2004).:人民交通,2004.5公路瀝青路面設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)((JTG D50-2006).:人民交通,2006.6公路排水設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)(JTG/T D33-2012).:人民交通,19
13、94.7Robert F.Baker,Handbook of Highway Engineering,Van Nostrand Reinhold,1993.8鄧學(xué)鈞.路基路面工程M.:人民交通,2005.9家駟.道路勘測(cè)設(shè)計(jì)M.:人民交通,2005.指導(dǎo)教師意見(jiàn)指導(dǎo)教師簽字: 年 月 日答辯小組意見(jiàn):組長(zhǎng)簽字: 年 月 日教研室審查意見(jiàn):教研室負(fù)責(zé)人簽字:年 月 日院系審查意見(jiàn):院系負(fù)責(zé)人簽字: (公 章) 年 月 日(此表由學(xué)生填寫,指導(dǎo)教師、答辯小組、教研室、院系簽署意見(jiàn))畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外 文 文 獻(xiàn) 翻 譯院 系 城市建設(shè)學(xué)院 專 業(yè) 班 級(jí) 土木工程1107 姓 名 王 世 海 原 文 出
14、處 城市建設(shè)理論研究 2011年09期 評(píng) 分 指 導(dǎo) 教 師 華中科技大學(xué)武昌分校20 15 年 1 月 10 日關(guān)于SBS改性瀝青配合比設(shè)計(jì)與施工技術(shù)的探討摘要在良好的設(shè)計(jì)配合比和施工條件下,SBS瀝青能使瀝青路面的耐久性和高溫穩(wěn)定性明顯提高。本文將根據(jù)南二路的施工試驗(yàn)情況,簡(jiǎn)要講述SBS改性瀝青的施工技術(shù)要求。一、SBS改性瀝青概述SBS改性瀝青是在原有基質(zhì)瀝青(AH-70)的基礎(chǔ)上,摻加2.5%、3.0%、4.0的SBS改性劑,改性后的瀝青,與原瀝青相比,其高溫粘度增大,軟化點(diǎn)升高。在良好的設(shè)計(jì)配合比和施工條件下,瀝青路面的耐久性和高溫穩(wěn)定性明顯提高。在SBS改性瀝青生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中進(jìn)行了大
15、量的室試驗(yàn),生產(chǎn)后對(duì)其技術(shù)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn),實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,外摻3.0%SBS的改性瀝青,軟化點(diǎn)、針入度等指標(biāo)均滿足改性瀝青規(guī)要求,可用SBS改性瀝青做瀝青混合料的配合比設(shè)計(jì)。二、SBS瀝青混合料的配合比設(shè)計(jì)為了使設(shè)計(jì)的混合料能夠達(dá)到實(shí)施效果,需要從材料要求、施工工藝、質(zhì)量控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和質(zhì)量控制方法等諸多方面提出以下要求,希望能夠引起注意。(一)、原材料要求1-1粗集料:用于改性瀝青混合料面層的粗集料,宜采用碎石或碎礫石,其粒徑規(guī)格和質(zhì)量要求均應(yīng)符合公路瀝青路面施工技術(shù)規(guī)(JTJ032-94)的規(guī)定1.粗集料應(yīng)潔凈、干燥、無(wú)風(fēng)化、無(wú)有害雜質(zhì),且具有一定硬度和強(qiáng)度。2.粗集料應(yīng)具有良好的顆粒形狀,破
16、碎礫石用于高速公路、一級(jí)公路時(shí),應(yīng)采用大礫石破碎,并至少應(yīng)有兩個(gè)以上的破碎面。3.對(duì)于抗滑表層粗集料應(yīng)選擇硬質(zhì)巖(中性或基性火成巖)。由于硬質(zhì)巖石與瀝青的粘接力存在著較大差異,粗集料與瀝青的粘附性應(yīng)不小于4級(jí)。對(duì)于35mm石屑部分由于含量較低,并且該部分對(duì)瀝青混合料形成嵌接結(jié)構(gòu)有一定的作用,建議用硬質(zhì)巖石屑(玄武巖)。1-2細(xì)集料細(xì)集料包括人工砂、天然砂。瀝青路面面層宜采用人工砂作為細(xì)集料,細(xì)集料應(yīng)潔凈、干燥、無(wú)風(fēng)化、無(wú)有害雜質(zhì),有適當(dāng)?shù)念w粒組成,并與改性瀝青有良好的粘附性,天然砂由于質(zhì)量變化大(大部分為中粗砂),形狀較圓滑,與瀝青的粘附性差,對(duì)瀝青混合料影響較大。對(duì)于高速公路、一級(jí)公路瀝青混
17、合料,天然砂的含量不宜超過(guò)20,可用0-3mm的石屑粉代替天然砂。1-3填充料用于改性瀝青混合料面層的填料應(yīng)潔凈、干燥,其質(zhì)量應(yīng)符合公路瀝青路面技術(shù)規(guī)規(guī)定的技術(shù)要求。1.改性瀝青混合料填充料宜采用強(qiáng)基性巖石(石灰?guī)r、巖漿巖)等增水性石料經(jīng)磨細(xì)得到的礦粉,礦粉要求干燥、潔凈,不宜使用混合料生產(chǎn)中干法除塵的回收粉。2.采用水泥、消石灰粉做填料時(shí),其用量不宜超過(guò)礦料總量的2%。3.對(duì)于瀝青表面層混合料不推薦使用在混合料生產(chǎn)排回收粉,當(dāng)塑性指數(shù)小于4且親水系數(shù)小于0.8時(shí),經(jīng)過(guò)試驗(yàn)可以部分的使用,回收粉用量每盤不能超過(guò)礦粉總量的四分之一。(二)、瀝青混合料配合比設(shè)計(jì):改性瀝青混合料的配合比設(shè)計(jì),應(yīng)遵循
18、公路瀝青路面施工技術(shù)規(guī)中關(guān)于熱拌瀝青混合料配合比設(shè)計(jì)的目標(biāo)配合比、生產(chǎn)配合比與試拌試鋪的三個(gè)階段,確定礦料級(jí)配與最佳改性瀝青用量。2-1級(jí)配瀝青混合料配合比設(shè)計(jì)級(jí)配應(yīng)采用貝雷法進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),級(jí)配選擇原則:AC-13I型混合料2.36mm以下篩孔通過(guò)量應(yīng)取級(jí)配下限以達(dá)到密實(shí)、嵌擠。2-2粉料比小于0.075mm含量的多少對(duì)瀝青混合料體積指標(biāo)和路用性能影響很大,混合料級(jí)配中小于0.075mm的含量必須考慮粗集料本應(yīng)含有的粉塵部分。要求礦粉含量不超過(guò)瀝青含量,小于0.075mm部分與瀝青含量之間的比值即粉料比應(yīng)存在11.2之間,對(duì)瀝青面層混合料礦粉含量宜取4.55。2-3注意事項(xiàng):改性瀝青混和料的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)
19、程中以下問(wèn)題上引起注意。A.混和料的拌合和擊實(shí)溫度應(yīng)根據(jù)改性瀝青路面施工技術(shù)規(guī)和根據(jù)瀝青膠結(jié)料的粘溫關(guān)系曲線進(jìn)行確定,進(jìn)行室配合比設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)的拌合、擊實(shí)溫度應(yīng)與拌合廠拌合溫度、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)碾壓溫度一致。建議溫度見(jiàn)下表:改性瀝青的試驗(yàn)和施工溫度:溫度密級(jí)配瀝青混合料拌合溫度不小于160;初壓溫度不小于150;復(fù)壓溫度不小于140;終壓溫度不小于120。B.試驗(yàn)取樣和拌合時(shí)要保證瀝青膠結(jié)料的均勻性,應(yīng)將制備好的膠結(jié)料拌合均勻后進(jìn)行取樣和混合料的制備。C.混合料體積指標(biāo)的測(cè)定要統(tǒng)一,對(duì)于密級(jí)配瀝青混合料試件密度的測(cè)定應(yīng)統(tǒng)一采用表干法。D.改性瀝青混合料的水穩(wěn)定性應(yīng)符合以下兩個(gè)指標(biāo)要求,達(dá)不到要求時(shí)應(yīng)采取抗剝落措
20、施:(1)、采用“瀝青混合料馬歇爾穩(wěn)定度試驗(yàn)”方法測(cè)定的48h浸水馬歇爾穩(wěn)定度試驗(yàn)殘留穩(wěn)定度不應(yīng)小于80%。(2)、采用“瀝青混合料凍融劈裂試驗(yàn)”方法測(cè)定的劈裂強(qiáng)度比不應(yīng)小于80%。三、SBS瀝青混合料的施工SBS瀝青是一種以彈性塑膠類改性瀝青,正確使用可以顯著提高瀝青面層的抗車轍性能,增加耐久性,增加抗老化能力,延長(zhǎng)公路的壽命。與AH-70基質(zhì)瀝青相比,SBS瀝青的粘度和軟化點(diǎn)顯著增加,SBS瀝青的運(yùn)輸儲(chǔ)存和路面面層施工有一些與基質(zhì)瀝青不同的要求,只有正確使用才能達(dá)到預(yù)期效果。1.拌合、運(yùn)輸?shù)募夹g(shù)要求為保證瀝青混合料的質(zhì)量更穩(wěn)定,瀝青用量更準(zhǔn)確,宜采用間隙式拌和機(jī)拌和。拌和必須均勻,只有SB
21、S瀝青改性劑完全分散在瀝青中,才能充分發(fā)揮其效能,對(duì)于密級(jí)配(AC-13I)混合料,應(yīng)做到拌合后的混合料均勻一致,無(wú)細(xì)料和粗料分離與花白、結(jié)成團(tuán)塊的現(xiàn)象。由于SBS改性瀝青混合料的施工溫度要求較高,建議拌合溫度控制在160,運(yùn)輸車必須加蓋篷布或其它保溫材料,防止結(jié)合料表面結(jié)硬,為確保攤鋪連續(xù)以與平整度大小符合技術(shù)規(guī)要求,必須保證攤鋪機(jī)前至少兩輛車等待卸料,決不能出現(xiàn)攤鋪機(jī)等車的現(xiàn)象。其余要求應(yīng)滿足改性瀝青路面施工技術(shù)規(guī)的技術(shù)要求。2.攤鋪的技術(shù)要求SBS瀝青混合料在攤鋪時(shí)應(yīng)盡量連續(xù)不斷的施工,以減少攤鋪機(jī)和壓路機(jī)的停頓,應(yīng)盡量減少橫縫,提高其面層平整度。為提高路面的平整度,表面層宜采用攤鋪前后
22、保持一樣高差的雪橇式攤鋪厚度控制方式。由于SBS瀝青粘度較大,粘附力強(qiáng),用部分?jǐn)備仚C(jī)的后雪橇是膠輪式結(jié)構(gòu),膠輪易粘附混合料細(xì)顆粒,影響平整度,所以攤鋪機(jī)后雪橇是膠輪式結(jié)構(gòu)的必須改成鋼滑靴式結(jié)構(gòu)。攤鋪速度應(yīng)控制在2米/分鐘,做到緩慢、均勻、連續(xù)不間斷地?cái)備?,禁止隨意變換速度或中途停頓。提高攤鋪過(guò)程中的預(yù)壓密實(shí)度。改性瀝青SBS混合料在高溫狀態(tài)下主要是靠粗集料的嵌擠作用,可適當(dāng)提高夯錘振搗頻率,使剩余壓實(shí)系數(shù)減少,初壓的痕跡也極小,進(jìn)而確保路面的最終平整度。3.碾壓的技術(shù)要求對(duì)于密級(jí)配型混合料,其適宜的碾壓溫度圍是130150,其最終碾壓溫度不低于110。SBS瀝青混合料的壓實(shí)工藝本著以下原則進(jìn)行
23、:按照“緊跟、慢壓、高頻、低幅”“碾壓八字方針進(jìn)行碾壓,壓路機(jī)必須緊跟攤鋪機(jī)的后面,只有在高溫條件下碾壓才能取得更好的效果,壓實(shí)速度控制在45km/h。碾壓速度均衡,倒退時(shí)關(guān)閉振動(dòng),方向要逐漸地改變,不許擰著彎行走,對(duì)每一道碾壓起點(diǎn)或終點(diǎn)可稍微扭彎碾壓,消除碾壓接頭輪跡。決不允許在新鋪瀝青混合料上轉(zhuǎn)向、調(diào)頭、左右移動(dòng)位置。突然剎車或停車休息,通過(guò)南二路第一、二合同段SBS瀝青試驗(yàn)段,確定的壓實(shí)工藝為DD110或DD130壓路機(jī)23檔各碾壓3遍,即初壓1遍,高頻低幅振動(dòng)碾壓2遍,終壓2遍。特別注意:施工時(shí)若發(fā)現(xiàn)壓路機(jī)粘輪時(shí),用洗衣粉水較好。4.SBS里瀝青混合料的質(zhì)量控制對(duì)于瀝青面層混合料,現(xiàn)場(chǎng)
24、的壓實(shí)效果應(yīng)采用空隙率和壓實(shí)度雙向控制??障堵视?jì)算所需的最論密度以每天實(shí)測(cè)為準(zhǔn),測(cè)試按照“瀝青路面混合料最大相對(duì)密度(真空法)(T071193)”進(jìn)行?,F(xiàn)場(chǎng)瀝青混合料空隙率為3%6%。表面層瀝青混合料壓實(shí)度的檢驗(yàn),以實(shí)測(cè)芯樣為準(zhǔn)。The SBS modified pitch ratio design and discussion of construction technology The summary under good design match ratio and executions, SBS pitch can make the durability on the pitch ro
25、ad surface and high-temperature stability obviously improve .In this paper, according to south road construction test, the paper briefly narrates the requirements for the construction of the SBS modified asphalt.First, SBS modified pitch summarySBS modified asphalt is the original matrix asphalt (AH
26、 - 70), on the basis of adding 2.5%, 3.0%, 4.0% of the SBS modifier, the modified asphalt, compared with the original asphalt, increase the high temperature viscosity, higher softening point. Under the condition of good mixture ratio design and construction, the durability of the asphalt surface and
27、 high temperature stability is improved obviously. In the process of the SBS modified asphalt production to a large number of indoor test, after the production of its technical index has carried on the field experiment, the experimental results show that the additive 3.0% SBS modified asphalt, softe
28、ning point and penetration index can satisfy the requirements of modified asphalt specifications, available SBS modified asphalt mixture ratio design of asphalt mixture.Second, the match ratio of the asphalt mixture of SBS is designedIn order to make the design of mixture effect can be achieved from
29、 material requirements, construction technology and quality control standards and quality control method and so on many aspects put forward the following requirements, hoping to attract attention.(1)the raw materials are requiredCollect the materials thickly by 1-1: Used for modified asphalt mixture
30、 surface of the coarse aggregate, appropriate USES gravel or crushed gravel, its particle size specification and quality requirements shall be in accordance with the technical specification for construction of highway asphalt pavement (JTJ032-94) 1.The coarse aggregate should be clean, dry, no weath
31、ering, no harmful impurities, and has a certain hardness and strength. 2. The coarse aggregate should have good particle shape, broken gravel used in highway, first class roads, should use big gravel breakup, and should have at least two or more broken face. 3.For coarse aggregate should choose the
32、anti-slide surfaces of hard rock (neutral or basic igneous rocks). Because of the hard rock and there are big differences between asphalt sticky relay, coarse aggregate and asphalt adhesion should be no less than 4. For 3 to 5 mm stone chips part due to the low content, and the part of the structure
33、 of asphalt mixture formation scarf have certain effect, suggest using hard rock (basalt).Collect the materials thinly by 1-2Asphalt pavement surface appropriate USES artificial sand as fine aggregate, fine aggregate should be clean, dry, no weathering, no harmful impurities, have proper granulometr
34、ic composition, and modified asphalt has good adhesion, natural sand due to the change of quality (mostly in the coarse sand), shape is smooth, and poor adhesion of asphalt, a larger impact on asphalt mixture. For highway, highway asphalt mixture, the content of natural sand should not be more than
35、20%, 0-3 mm stone chips powder can instead of natural sand.Pack the material by 1-3Packing of layer should clean dry mixture for modified asphalt , specification requirement that quality should Accord with the regulations of “asphalt road surfaceTechnical specification of the highway” its.1, Modifie
36、d asphalt mixture filling material appropriate USES strong base rock (limestone and magmatic rocks), etc. Add water stone fine grinding of mineral powder, kuangfen requires a dry, clean, unfavorable use mixture of dry dust recycling of powder production. 2, The cement and hydrated lime powder stuffi
37、ng, its dosage shoulds not be more than 2% of the total mineral aggregate. 3, For asphalt mixture surface layer is not recommended to use in production line of recycling powder mixture, when the plasticity index of less than 4 and hydrophilic coefficient is less than 0.8, the tested part can use, re
38、covery of ore powder dosage per disk cannot be more than a quarter of the total. (2)Asphalt mixture match ratio is designedThe mix proportion design of asphalt mixture, the mixture ratio design of modified asphalt mixture, which should be followed in technical specification for construction of highw
39、ay asphalt pavement of hot mix asphalt mixture design goal of mix proportioning, production shop and try mixing of three phases, to determine the mineral aggregate gradation and the best dosage of modified asphalt. 2-1Gradation asphalt mixture gradation bailey method should be adopted for design and
40、 gradation selection principles: AC - 13 below 2.36 mm through mesh type I mixture amount shall be graded lower limit is close-grained, embedded in order to achieve. 2-2Powder than how much content of less than 0.075 mm of road asphalt mixture volume index and influence is very big, the mixture grad
41、ation must consider content of less than 0.075 mm in coarse aggregate part should contain the dust. Ash content does not exceed the asphalt content, part and asphalt content is less than 0.075 mm than the ratio between the powder should exist between 1-1.2, the mixture of asphalt layer kuangfen YiQu
42、 4.5-5%. 2-3 Precautions:The following problems in the process of the design of the modified asphalt mixture material on attention. A, mixed material mixing and compaction temperature should be according to the modified asphalt pavement construction specification and according to the asphalt cement
43、viscosity-temperature relationship curve to determine the mixture ratio design of indoor mixing, compaction temperature should be consistent with the mixing temperature, mixing plant field rolling temperature. Recommended temperature as shown in the table below: Modified asphalt test and constructio
44、n temperature: Temperature dense gradation asphalt mixture mixingTemperature of not less than 160 ; Initial pressure temperature is not less than 150 ; After pressing temperature is not less than 140 ; Pressure temperature not less than 120 .B when sampling, testing and mixing to guarantee the unifo
45、rmity of asphalt cement, preparation of good cement should be evenly mix sampling and preparation of mixture. The determination of C, mixture volume index to unity, for the determination of dense gradation asphalt mixture specimen density should be unified the table dry. D, the water stability of mo
46、dified asphalt mixture should conform to the requirements of the following two indicators, can not meet the requirements when spalling measures should be taken:(1), using the asphalt mixture Marshall stability test method for determining the 48 h immersion Marshall stability test residual stability
47、should not be less than 80%. (2), using the asphalt mixture freeze-thaw splitting test method for determining the cleavage strength should not be less than 80%.Third, the SBS asphalt mixture construction of SBS Asphalt is an elastic plastic modified asphalt, the correct use can significantly improve
48、 the anti-rutting performance of asphalt road surface, increase the durability and increase the anti-aging ability, extend the life of the road. Compared with AH - 70 matrix asphalt, the SBS asphalt viscosity and softening point increased significantly, the transportation of the SBS asphalt storage
49、and there are some different from the matrix asphalt road surface construction requirements, only the correct use can achieve the desired effect.1,mix the specification requirement shut, transportingTo ensure the quality of asphalt mixture is more stable, asphalt dosage is more accurate, appropriate
50、 USES clearance mixer mixing. Mixing must be uniform, only the SBS asphalt modifier completely dispersed in the asphalt, can give full play to its effectiveness, with dense gradation mixture (I) AC - 13, should be after mixing the mixture of uniform, fine and coarse material separation and grey, for
51、ming a mass phenomenon. Because of the SBS modified asphalt mixture construction high temperature requirement, suggest the mixing temperature control at 160 , the carrier must build tarpaulin or any other thermal insulating materials, prevent hard binder surface, in order to ensure the continuous an
52、d paving flatness size conform to the requirements of the technical specification, must ensure that at least two cars waiting for unloading before paver, must not be, the phenomenon of the paver waiting for a bus. The rest of the requirements shall be satisfy the requirements of the modified asphalt
53、 pavement construction technical specification. 2,the specification requirement pavedpaving the technical requirement of SBS in asphalt mixture paving should be continuous construction as far as possible, to reduce the paver and roller pause, should try to reduce the horizontal seam, to improve the
54、surface roughness. In order to improve the pavement smoothness, surface layer should adopt the sled type of paving the same elevation difference before and after paving thickness control mode. Due to large SBS asphalt viscosity, adhesion strength is strong, with some after sled is rubber-tired struc
55、ture of paver, roller easy adhesion mixture of fine particles, affect the flatness, so after the paver sled is a rubber-tired structure sliding boots must change to steel structure. Paving speed should be controlled in 2 m/min, do it slowly, uniform, continuous uninterrupted paving, ban transform sp
56、eed or stop at will. Improve the preloading compactness in the process of paving. SBS modified asphalt mixture under high temperature condition is mainly rely on embedded squeeze effect of coarse aggregate, can be appropriately increase rammer vibrating frequency, reduce the residual compacting fact
57、or, the trace of the initial pressure and tiny, further ensure the final pavement roughness. 3,the specification requirement rolled The proper rolling temperature range is 130 to 150 , its final rolling temperature is not lower than 110 . The SBS asphalt mixture compacting process in line with the f
58、ollowing principles: according to keep up with, slow pressure, high frequency, low-rising rolling of eight lines rolling roller must keep up with the back of the paver, only under the condition of high temperature rolling can achieve better effect, compaction speed control in 4 to 5 km/h. Rolling sp
59、eed is balanced, back when close the vibration, the direction to gradually change, no twist curved to walk, for each rolling start or finish a bit twisted rolling, eliminate the rolling wheel track joint. Must not be allowed on the new layer asphalt mixture about steering, switching, mobile location. All of a sudden braking or stop to rest, through the first and second contract section of SBS asphalt south road test section, determine the compaction process for
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