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1、Transaction Processing SystemsManual or automatic all businesses systematically process transactionsFunction: process routine, day-to-day business activitiesComputerized TPS:BatchOnline (real-time, OLTP)The foundation of business systems1Batch TPSOriginally, the only available optionTransactions acc

2、umulated over period of timeTime period day, week, monthTransaction records accumulated in filesWhen batches are processed, what happens?Update databasesGenerate reportsGenerate transactions for other systems2Batch Processing Pros and ConsProsRelatively easy to program, install and maintainBatches c

3、an be processed during low-activity periodsConsInformation is delayed3Online TPS (OLTP)Transactions are processed in real timeRequired for any “modern” application where time is criticalWell supported by client/server computing model4Hybrid TPSOLTP applications can feed transactions to batch systems

4、Examine: GL only updated once per dayReal time order capture with delayed processing5TPS RequirementsCapture, process and store transactionsProduce reports and information about transactionsProduce transactions for other TPSBe accurate and timelyBe efficient require less laborIncrease customer servi

5、ceIncrease competitive advantage6TPS Activity ModelData captureFrom online entry or “external” systemData validationShould be done as close to source as possibleProcessingData manipulationDatabase updatingGeneration of transactions for other systemsArchive TransactionCreate documents and reports7Man

6、agement IssuesUptimeHow long can the system be “down” before significant costs are incurred?Processing Delays / Response TimesHow quickly must a transaction be processed? What is the worst online response time that is acceptable8Management Issues (2)Disaster RecoveryWhat plans are in place to recove

7、r lost business data?What plans are in place to resume business processing in case of disaster?AuditCan you verify the integrity of the system?How will you know if transactions are not processed or are processed incorrectly?9TPS By FunctionOrder ProcessingProcurement & Inventory ControlAccounting10O

8、rder Processing TPSOrder captureVariety of meansConfigurationShipment planning and inventory allocationPrioritize orders, select shipment locations, allocate inventory to ordersShipping and warehousingPicking, packing, invoicing, reporting11ProcurementInventory ControlRaw materials, WIP, FGI, etcPur

9、chase Order ProcessingGenerating, transmitting, maintaining purchase ordersReceivingAccounts PayableBoundary between procurement and accounting12AccountingAccounts PayableAccounts ReceivableBudgetPayrollGeneral LedgerAsset Management13Disadvantages of Functionally Organized TPSProcessing inefficienc

10、yData redundancyCauses integrity problemsInefficientTemporal integrity problemsCaused by different times at which processing occursLack of information coherence14Enterprise Resource Planning SystemsKey word is Enterprise: solution designed for entire enterpriseAll processes organized around one ente

11、rprise-wide data model15Advantages of ERPElimination of costly legacy systemsOld systems are expensive to maintain and reduce business agilityImprovement of processesERP may have implemented best-in-class processesImprove data access and data integrityProvide complete, consistent view of enterprise

12、data16Disadvantages of ERPImplementation costSoftware and hardwareExpertiseOpportunity costsTime to implementationLengthy and difficult processMOC (management of change) challengesSystem integration difficultiesVendor dependence17Current ERP VendorsSAPBaan PeopleSoftOracleJ. D. EdwardsManugistics18R

13、/3 ArchitectureFunctionally richMore functional options than a business will ever needLogicalBuilt around information model10,000 tablesControl tablesApplication data tablesHeavily parameterized19R/3 Architecture (cont)HardwarePC ClientsApplication serverDatabase serverPublic interfacesBAPICustomiza

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