英語句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)

1、WritingCourse Requirement 課程要求上課專心聽講，做好筆記踴躍發(fā)言，敢于提出自己的問題和見解課后認(rèn)真完成作業(yè)Syllabus 學(xué)期課程安排Sep 1-27 Unit 1-5 Grammar Training 9月1-27日 語法訓(xùn)練Sep 28- Oct 25 Unit 13-15 Grammar Training 9月28日-10月25日 表達(dá)方式訓(xùn)練Oct 26 -Nov 29 Unit 17-19 Structure Training 10月26日-11月29日 文章結(jié)構(gòu)訓(xùn)練At the end of November Mid-term 11月末 期中考試Dece

2、mber The end of this semester 后半學(xué)期Unit 6-12 Specialized Training on Writing 寫作專題訓(xùn)練Writing Task 課堂活動Write a short passage about yourselfRequirement: 1. Write a passage about yourself. (100-150 words) 寫一遍自我介紹的文章 2. You can write from the view of first- person or third-person. 第一/三人稱 3.You can write an

3、ything about yourself, for example name, height, age, hobbies, the place you like, etc. Basic Sentence Structure句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)Basic Sentence StructureWordSentenceParagraphPassage正確運用符合規(guī)則邏輯關(guān)系結(jié)構(gòu)What is a sentence？What are the two basic elements to form a sentence?指至少有一個主語（Subject）和動詞（verb），并能表達(dá)完整意思的詞的集合。Frag

4、ment 指的是沒有主語或者動詞，或者不能表達(dá)完整意思的詞的集合。句子的主體，全句述說的對象，一般由名詞、主格代詞、動詞不定式或者動名詞擔(dān)任。常置于句首。Subject 主語Tom needs a pen.I like playing football.Taking a walk is very good exercise.To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness in the world.說明主語的動作或者狀態(tài)。由動詞擔(dān)任。常置于主語后。 Predicate 謂語The train leaves at 6:00.My hobby is

5、 reading books.Sally has been to the U.S.A for 10 years.He didnt return to me for help.賓語跟在及物動詞后，有直接和間接之分，可以用下面這些東西表示：1. 名詞 2. 代詞 3. 數(shù)詞 4. 動名詞 5.不定式 6.復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 7.名詞化的形容詞Object 賓語She died a heroic death.Tony hates her.The successful rate is 100%.Object 賓語My grandmother enjoys watching TV series.Tim was a

6、sked to speak in front of the whole school.I insisted on Marys coming here.These seats are for the disabled. Object 賓語賓語又分為直接賓語（ Object Direct ）和間接賓語（ Object Indirect ）You lent me your dictionary.My mother bought my brother a computer.直接賓語直接賓語間接賓語間接賓語直接賓語直接賓語間接賓語間接賓語Predicative 表語Tim is a teacher.Th

7、e tomatoes seem rotten.This kind of cloth feels very soft.His plan turns out a success.表語是用來說明主語的特征、狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)，放置在系動詞之后。Basic Sentence Patterns基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)系動詞包括以下幾類：1. be， seem, appear2. look, sound, taste, smell, feel (感官類感官類)3. get, turn, become, go, grow (變化類變化類)4. stay, remain, keep, continue (維持類維持類)修飾名詞或

8、代詞的詞、短語或者從句稱為定語。Attributive 定語Guilin is a beautiful city.The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.He is reading a book that he has never read.Tim is writing an article about how to improve English.Adverbial 狀語They were greatly touched to hear the old mans story.How about meeting again at

9、six？I shall go there if it doesnt rain.Mr Smith lives on the third floor.狀語類似于副詞，可以分為目的狀語、時間狀語、方式狀語、伴隨狀語、讓步狀語、比較狀語、條件狀語和結(jié)構(gòu)狀語。Adverbial 狀語I am taller than he is.She works very hard tough she is old.He felt so tired that he fell asleep quickly.Rose didnt go to the party last night because of the rain.

10、狀語類似于副詞，可以分為目的狀語、時間狀語、方式狀語、伴隨狀語、讓步狀語、比較狀語、條件狀語和結(jié)果狀語。Complement 補(bǔ)語Let the fresh air in.We found everything in the lab in good conditions.We will soon make our city what your city is.We saw her entering the room.補(bǔ)語可以分為主語補(bǔ)足語和賓語補(bǔ)足語。主語補(bǔ)足語一般很少見，賓語補(bǔ)足語出現(xiàn)的頻率很大。賓語補(bǔ)足是對句子中的賓語的一種補(bǔ)充說明。同位語是對前面名詞或者代詞作進(jìn)一步解釋說明的成分。App

11、ositive 同位語We students should respect our teachers.Kitty, an American teacher, will come to our school. 1. Mrs. Blanco has gone to visit her mother at the hospital. 2. Finding a parking space is usually easy during the week. 3. Traffic is busy during the evening rush hour . 4. To apply for a job at

12、the new store in the mall.Quiz 小測試5. Frances found out how expensive the wallpapering job would be.6. She decided to do the work herself.7. The nineteen-year-old car looked out of place next to the new models.8. I met my best friend Sophie at the station yesterday.Sentence ElementsObjectComplementVe

13、rb PhraseSubject謂語補(bǔ)語主語賓語Sentence ElementsPredicativeAttributiveAdverbial定語狀語表語Appositive同位語英英語語的的句句子子結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)簡單句并列句復(fù)合句Basic Sentence Patterns基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)1. S+V 主語+謂語（注：這種句型里的動詞必須為不及物動詞）The telephone rang.His father might have died.Basic Sentence Patterns基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)2. S+V+P 主語+系動詞+表語The plan sounds perfect.Frank is

14、 an artist.The question is who can really repair the machine.Basic Sentence Patterns基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)系動詞包括以下幾類：1. be， seem, appear2. look, sound, taste, smell, feel (感官類感官類)3. get, turn, become, go, grow (變化類變化類)4. stay, remain, keep, continue (維持類維持類)Basic Sentence Patterns基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)3. S+V+O 主語+謂語+賓語（注：這種句型里的動詞必須為不及物動詞）I saw a bird.My sister enjoyed the play.I like to do sports in my free time.Basic Sentence Patterns基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)4. S+V+O. I. + O.