商務(wù)英語翻譯(英譯漢)第一講

1、English-Chinese Translation for International BusinessComparison Fundamentals of international businessTranslation for international businessknowledgeskillvisionperspectivedecision-making, problem solvingBi-lingual bi-cultural communicationactionwords, languageHow to build your skill for business tr

2、anslation?businessEnglish Translation for International Business 譯者應(yīng)具備的能力 翻譯過程是一個語言轉(zhuǎn)化的過程，涉及跨語言，翻譯過程是一個語言轉(zhuǎn)化的過程，涉及跨語言，跨文化的內(nèi)容?？缥幕膬?nèi)容。 外語水平能力外語水平能力 母語水平能力母語水平能力 知識水平能力知識水平能力商務(wù)英語專業(yè)行話商務(wù)英語專業(yè)行話 術(shù)語術(shù)語 應(yīng)用水平能力應(yīng)用水平能力 只有通過練習(xí)實踐，才能真正提高譯者的翻譯水只有通過練習(xí)實踐，才能真正提高譯者的翻譯水平平Course plan 1. Textbook Zhang Xinhong & Li Ming.

3、 English-Chinese Translation for International Business. Beijing: Higher Education Press. 2005 2. References (1) Li Ming. Chinese-English Translation for International Business. Beijing: Higher Education Press. 2009Exercises There are exercises for each chapter, and reference versions are provided a

4、t the end of the textbook. But you are going to give comments on them, and sometimes you may even make improvements. There will also be some additional in-class and after-class tasks.English CollegeSunday, September 12, 2010v Paper dictionaries:Paper dictionaries: Oxford advanced learners dictionary

5、 Oxford advanced learners dictionary Longman Dictionary Longman Dictionary Collins COBUILD Collins COBUILD Websters new Collegiate dictionary Websters new Collegiate dictionaryMake good and full use of tools English CollegeSunday, September 12, 2010v Electronic dictionaries:Electronic dictionaries:卡

6、西歐電子詞典，名人電子詞典等 v Online dictionariesOnline dictionaries: :有道桌面詞典http:/ http:/.hk/dictionahttp:/.hk/dictionaryryEnglish CollegeSunday, September 12, 2010v 上海市中級口譯證書v 上海市高級口譯證書v 全國翻譯專業(yè)資格證書二級口筆譯，三級口筆譯 http:/ certificatesEnglish CollegeSunday, September 12, 2010v 翻譯學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)站：v 中國翻譯協(xié)會 http:/www.tac-http:/www.

7、tac-v 中國翻譯網(wǎng)v 中國在線翻譯網(wǎng)http:/http:/v 在線翻譯學(xué)院 http:/http:/商務(wù)英語翻譯商務(wù)英語翻譯 之 詞匯翻譯詞匯翻譯 n詞義的選擇詞義的選擇n詞義的引申詞義的引申n詞類轉(zhuǎn)換法詞類轉(zhuǎn)換法n視角轉(zhuǎn)化法視角轉(zhuǎn)化法n增增 減減 法法n重重 復(fù)復(fù) 法法 n數(shù)字翻譯數(shù)字翻譯商務(wù)英語翻譯商務(wù)英語翻譯 之 句法翻譯句法翻譯 n否定句式否定句式n比較句式比較句式n被動句式被動句式n定語從句定語從句商務(wù)英語翻譯商務(wù)英語翻譯 之 文體與語篇文體與語篇 n商號與名

8、片商號與名片 n商務(wù)廣告商務(wù)廣告n商務(wù)合同翻譯商務(wù)合同翻譯n商務(wù)信函商務(wù)信函Origin of Translationthe Tower of Babel the Tower of Babel from the Bible Now the whole earth had one language and few words. And as men migrated to the east, they found a plain in the land of Shinar and settled there. And they said to one another, Come, let us

9、make bricks, and burn them thoroughly. And they had brick for stone, and bitumen for mortar. Then they said, Come, let us build ourselves a city, and a tower with its top in the heavens, and let us make a name for ourselves, lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth. And the LORD

10、came down to see the city and the tower, which the sons of men had built. And the LORD said, Behold, they are one people, and they have all one language; and this is only the beginning of what they will do; and nothing that they propose to do will now be impossible for them. Come, let us go down, an

11、d there confuse their language, that they may not understand one anothers speech. So the LORD scattered them abroad from there over the face of all the earth, and they left off building the city. Red lion head Bean curd made by a pock-marked woman; Husband and wifes lung slice； Rolling donkey Braise

12、d Pork Balls in Soy Sauce Mapo Tofu Beef and Ox Tripe in Chili Sauce Ldagunr (Glutinous Rice Rolls with Sweet Bean Flour) 翻譯翻譯“八戒八戒” 一、戒一、戒“從一而終從一而終” 務(wù)必抓住精神實質(zhì)，不可以不變應(yīng)萬變。至于怎么應(yīng)變，這就是務(wù)必抓住精神實質(zhì)，不可以不變應(yīng)萬變。至于怎么應(yīng)變，這就是顯示譯者功力的地方了。顯示譯者功力的地方了。 比如：都是比如：都是“問題問題”，下面的翻譯各不相同，幾乎是打一槍換一，下面的翻譯各不相同，幾乎是打一槍換一個地方。個地方。 共同關(guān)心的問題共

13、同關(guān)心的問題 questions of common interest 解決問題解決問題 solve a problem 問題的關(guān)鍵問題的關(guān)鍵 the heart of the matter 懸而未決的問題懸而未決的問題 an outstanding issue 沒有什么問題沒有什么問題 Without any mishap 摩托車有點問題。摩托車有點問題。 Something is wrong with the motorcycle. 問題不在這里。問題不在這里。 That is not the point. 沙博里將沙博里將水滸傳水滸傳譯為：譯為：Outlaws of the Marsh(

14、沼澤地上的沼澤地上的亡命之徒亡命之徒)。楊憲益譯將屈原的。楊憲益譯將屈原的國殤國殤譯為：譯為：For Those Fallen for Their Country，北外出版社將，北外出版社將儒林外史儒林外史譯為：譯為：The Scholars。這些都是譯者吃透了原文的原意而譯出的佳。這些都是譯者吃透了原文的原意而譯出的佳作。作。 二、戒望文生義，機械直譯二、戒望文生義，機械直譯 黃牛（黃牛（yellow cowox前誤后正，下同）前誤后正，下同）黃鸝（黃鸝（yellow bird oriole）從小青梅竹馬從小青梅竹馬(green plum bamboo horsegrew up togeth

15、er)紫菜（紫菜（purple vegetable laver）白菜白菜( white vegetable Chinese cabbage)紅木紅木(red woodpad auk) 紅豆杉紅豆杉(red firChinese yew)黑社會黑社會(black society sinister gang)三、戒三、戒“水土不符水土不符”，習(xí)慣搭配失當(dāng)，習(xí)慣搭配失當(dāng) 白洋淀的導(dǎo)游牌上，白洋淀的導(dǎo)游牌上，“紅菱紅菱”被硬硬地翻譯成被硬硬地翻譯成Red Ling。菱角。菱角有對應(yīng)詞的，應(yīng)改為有對應(yīng)詞的，應(yīng)改為Red Water Chestnut。這里常常有外。這里常常有外國人參觀，如此翻譯，令人汗顏

16、！國人參觀，如此翻譯，令人汗顏！ 四、戒主語暗淡四、戒主語暗淡 如果這個問題不解決，勢必影響兩國的利益。如果這個問題不解決，勢必影響兩國的利益。 Failure to settle this issue is bound impair the relations between the two countries seriously. If the problem is not solved , it is sure to affect the interests between the two countries 在上面的兩種譯文中，顯然第一種譯文主語選得好，句子流在上面的兩種譯文中，顯然第

17、一種譯文主語選得好，句子流暢。暢。 共同的利益把我們兩個偉大的國家連接在一起。共同的利益把我們兩個偉大的國家連接在一起。 What holds our two great nations together is the cement of common interests. 此句主語部分處理得頗為干練。此句主語部分處理得頗為干練。 五、戒結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)，組合生硬五、戒結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)，組合生硬 “拉郎配拉郎配” 由于漢英結(jié)構(gòu)不同，表達方式迥異，這就要求譯者在翻譯時靈由于漢英結(jié)構(gòu)不同，表達方式迥異，這就要求譯者在翻譯時靈活使用整合的技巧，將句子整合，有時要將簡單句譯成并活使用整合的技巧，將句子整合，有時要將簡

18、單句譯成并列句，有時將并列句譯成主從句。列句，有時將并列句譯成主從句。在紀(jì)念大學(xué)畢業(yè)在紀(jì)念大學(xué)畢業(yè)20周年聚會時，我忽然問起原來的班主任：周年聚會時，我忽然問起原來的班主任：“我個子又不矮，怎么把我安排在了第一排呢？我個子又不矮，怎么把我安排在了第一排呢？” At the reunion party for 20 anniversary of graduation from university, I suddenly asked my former teacher in charge of our class then: Since I am not of short stature, ho

19、w did you arrange me at the first row? 一個高度近視的女博士去擦鞋店擦高統(tǒng)靴，禿頭老板親自蹲下一個高度近視的女博士去擦鞋店擦高統(tǒng)靴，禿頭老板親自蹲下來給她效勞。來給她效勞。 When a woman doctor who suffers a severe myopic went to shoes-polishing shop for her buskins，the bald boss squatted down to serve her personally. 六、戒六、戒“愚忠愚忠”，不諳增減之道，不諳增減之道 我們耳熟能詳?shù)臇|西外國人可能會感到一頭霧水

20、，譯者需要增我們耳熟能詳?shù)臇|西外國人可能會感到一頭霧水，譯者需要增加必要的說明和補充或者減譯。加必要的說明和補充或者減譯。風(fēng)水風(fēng)水 fengshuithe location of a house or tomb, supposed to have an influence on the fortune of a family. 會當(dāng)凌絕頂，一覽眾山小。會當(dāng)凌絕頂，一覽眾山小。 One day I shall climb Clear to the summit, See how small surrounding Mountain tops appear as they lie below me

21、 （新西蘭人路易（新西蘭人路易艾黎譯艾黎譯杜甫杜甫望岳望岳） No support for Taiwan independence, no support for a two-China policy, and no support for Taiwan membership in international organizations on the basis of statehood. （美國對臺三不政策）（美國對臺三不政策）七、戒語句重復(fù)七、戒語句重復(fù) 漢語多重復(fù)，以強化語氣；英語則要盡量避免重復(fù)。漢語多重復(fù)，以強化語氣；英語則要盡量避免重復(fù)。 先生曰：先生曰：“狼負(fù)我，狼負(fù)我！狼負(fù)我，

22、狼負(fù)我！”狼曰：狼曰：“吾非固欲負(fù)汝。天生吾非固欲負(fù)汝。天生汝輩，固需吾輩食也。汝輩，固需吾輩食也?！?You are an ungrateful beast, complained the man. Not at all, retorted the wolf, it is not that Im ungrateful, but you men were created for us to devour. （顏惠慶譯（顏惠慶譯馬中錫馬中錫中山狼傳中山狼傳） 王曰：王曰：“此鳥不飛則已，一飛沖天；不鳴則已，一鳴驚人。此鳥不飛則已，一飛沖天；不鳴則已，一鳴驚人。” The bird may not

23、 have flown yet, replied the King,Once it does, it will soar to the sky. I may not have cried out yet, but once it does, it will startle everyone. （楊憲益譯（楊憲益譯史記史記滑稽列傳滑稽列傳 Unity, struggle, unity through struggleUnity, struggle, unity through struggle又斗爭，又團結(jié)，以斗爭的手段，達團結(jié)之目又斗爭，又團結(jié)，以斗爭的手段，達團結(jié)之目的。的。. . What

24、 is right is right and what is wrong What is right is right and what is wrong is wrong, no matter what it concerns, is wrong, no matter what it concerns, the Chinese or foreigners, the dead or the Chinese or foreigners, the dead or the living. the living. 中國人也好，外國人也好，死人也好，活人也中國人也好，外國人也好，死人也好，活人也好，對的就