英語(yǔ)四級(jí)聽力`考試技巧指導(dǎo)方法

1、CET-4 CET-4 LISTENINGLISTENING蘇州環(huán)球雅思蘇州環(huán)球雅思陳靜陳靜Mail: Phone:Q: 354085205Microblog: 跳跳糖敵敵畏跳跳糖敵敵畏試卷構(gòu)成試卷構(gòu)成測(cè)試內(nèi)容測(cè)試內(nèi)容測(cè)試題型測(cè)試題型比例比例第一部分：聽力理解聽力對(duì)話短對(duì)話多項(xiàng)選擇35%長(zhǎng)對(duì)話多項(xiàng)選擇聽力短文短文理解多項(xiàng)選擇短文聽寫復(fù)合式聽寫 第二部分：閱讀理解仔細(xì)閱讀理解篇章閱讀理解多項(xiàng)選擇35%篇章詞匯理解選詞填空快速閱讀理解是非判斷+句子填空或其他 第三部分：綜合測(cè)試完型填空或改錯(cuò)多項(xiàng)選擇10%15%錯(cuò)誤辨認(rèn)并改正篇章問(wèn)答或句

2、子翻譯簡(jiǎn)短回答中譯英5% 第四部分：寫作寫作短文寫作15%聽力考試試題結(jié)構(gòu)v聽力部分總比重：35% 四種題型：v11-18 short conversation 8%v19-25 long conversation 7%v26-35 passage comprehension 10%v36-46 compound dictation 11道題 10% 0.5x8+3x2=10%聽力改革聽力改革機(jī)考機(jī)考短對(duì)話v短對(duì)話是四級(jí)考試中最有規(guī)律也最易提高的短對(duì)話是四級(jí)考試中最有規(guī)律也最易提高的一個(gè)部分一個(gè)部分v所考的一般是與特定文化背景相結(jié)合常用語(yǔ)所考的一般是與特定文化背景相結(jié)合常用語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)，所以不會(huì)考兩

3、人見面互相問(wèn)候言點(diǎn)，所以不會(huì)考兩人見面互相問(wèn)候whats whats cookingcooking？ v短對(duì)話部分產(chǎn)生了一些固定的套路和思路，短對(duì)話部分產(chǎn)生了一些固定的套路和思路，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，近年的短對(duì)話出題主要分為我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，近年的短對(duì)話出題主要分為三大類型：三大類型：短對(duì)話三劍客短對(duì)話三劍客數(shù)字類數(shù)字類關(guān)鍵詞類關(guān)鍵詞類邏輯推理類邏輯推理類人物關(guān)系人物關(guān)系地點(diǎn)場(chǎng)景地點(diǎn)場(chǎng)景數(shù)字類數(shù)字類時(shí)間日期、價(jià)格錢款、倍數(shù)分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)間日期、價(jià)格錢款、倍數(shù)分?jǐn)?shù)v一、時(shí)間日期（絕跡）一、時(shí)間日期（絕跡）v題型特點(diǎn)：題型特點(diǎn)：題目中出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的時(shí)間，并針對(duì)其中某個(gè)時(shí)間或二者間的關(guān)系進(jìn)行提問(wèn)v解題對(duì)策解題對(duì)

4、策：v聽提前先瀏覽選項(xiàng)，如果看到與時(shí)間有關(guān)的數(shù)字或表達(dá)，迅速在旁邊做個(gè)小記號(hào)，提醒自己聽這道題應(yīng)全神貫注，準(zhǔn)備隨時(shí)記錄聽到的各個(gè)時(shí)間。v考查的是考生對(duì)信息的進(jìn)一步加工的能力?？疾榈氖强忌鷮?duì)信息的進(jìn)一步加工的能力。即，將聽到原始信息加工到有答題價(jià)值。即，將聽到原始信息加工到有答題價(jià)值。知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備v常用的標(biāo)志時(shí)間的詞匯：vdaily, each day, day by day, from day to day; weekly, monthly; vyearly, annual; vevery 3 days , every other two days; vevery other day; v

5、the other day ;vanother day ,previously, formerly v時(shí)間的讀法：7：45，兩種讀法，一種記法 a q t 8 用回頭率換正確率（聽到什么寫什么，a quarter to 8,然后回頭檢查時(shí)再將其“翻譯”為時(shí)刻）二、價(jià)格錢款二、價(jià)格錢款v題型特點(diǎn)：題型特點(diǎn)：題目中會(huì)出現(xiàn)貨幣價(jià)格等，并針對(duì)其進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。v考的較少，但涉及的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)是聽力提高的基石，會(huì)以不同的形式出現(xiàn)在其他類型的題目中，不能小覷。知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備v常用貨幣單位，及其相互轉(zhuǎn)換：v1dollar=10 dimes =100 cents, a quarter ;v pound penny p

6、ence; Euro (European dollar)v常用詞匯: discount, on sales, on offer, bargain, deal, voucher, cash voucher, complimentary gift三、倍數(shù)分?jǐn)?shù)三、倍數(shù)分?jǐn)?shù)v倍數(shù)：倍數(shù)：double，twice as much as, triple, three times as much as v分?jǐn)?shù)：分?jǐn)?shù)：基數(shù)詞+序數(shù)詞pl形式ve.g. a third, va halfva quartervone and a third（2）關(guān)鍵詞類人物關(guān)系、地點(diǎn)場(chǎng)景v一、人物關(guān)系一、人物關(guān)系v題型特點(diǎn)：就對(duì)話

7、中出現(xiàn)或提及的人物身份題型特點(diǎn)：就對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)或提及的人物身份及相互關(guān)系進(jìn)行提問(wèn)及相互關(guān)系進(jìn)行提問(wèn)v?？缄P(guān)系：?？缄P(guān)系：vTeacher&studentTeacher&student, ,vdoctor&patientdoctor&patient, ,vwaiter/waitress/shop assistant/ attendant& waiter/waitress/shop assistant/ attendant& customer,customer,vboss&secretaryboss&secretary vair cre

8、w& passengersair crew& passengersv二、地點(diǎn)場(chǎng)景v題型特點(diǎn)：題目中出現(xiàn)某一特定地點(diǎn)或場(chǎng)景的詞匯、表達(dá)，要求猜測(cè)對(duì)話發(fā)生的場(chǎng)所及推測(cè)人物正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)或討論的話題等。是短對(duì)話中?？嫉囊活愵}。v解題對(duì)策：v以關(guān)鍵詞為突破口，進(jìn)行場(chǎng)景聯(lián)想推斷，需要考生熟練掌握常考的幾類場(chǎng)景，了解此類題目常考的思路地點(diǎn)場(chǎng)景總結(jié)地點(diǎn)場(chǎng)景總結(jié)v四級(jí)聽力段對(duì)哈的場(chǎng)景比較廣泛，但總體圍繞一個(gè)中心：以學(xué)習(xí)生活場(chǎng)景為主。v我們將常見的地點(diǎn)場(chǎng)景分為4類：v校園生活；日常生活日常生活；交通出游；工作求職；（一）校園生活（一）校園生活v1. 1.論文論文v場(chǎng)景思路場(chǎng)景思路： v1.論文t

9、opic難定 ；v2.數(shù)據(jù)資料難找（想借的書借不到，借到的沒(méi)用，想還的過(guò)期了（overdue） ；v3.導(dǎo)師tutor要求嚴(yán)格；v4.好容易寫完后發(fā)現(xiàn)電腦壞了break down，crash（沒(méi)保存），或去打印時(shí)printer 壞了，要么就是queue/wait in a long line場(chǎng)景詞匯場(chǎng)景詞匯vprofessor 教授；vteaching fellow 講師；vtutor / mentor / director / supervisor 導(dǎo)師；vfaculty 全體教職員工；vtype（type it out），typewriter， vprint，printer， vsketc

10、h，draft，data，graph，chart，table，topic，vthesis/ paper（1.論文 2.報(bào)紙 3.文件 4.紙張）， vlaptop，desktop，vlaboratory，language lab;vlibrary，librarian;vlend / borrow / check out ；vreference book ；renew ；overdue ；returnv2. 2.演講、上課、講座演講、上課、講座 v場(chǎng)景思路場(chǎng)景思路： v1.演講過(guò)程難，有挑戰(zhàn)性:自己的演講感到緊張，但效果往往不錯(cuò)；別人的演講要么rewarding，wonderful，exciti

11、ng，inspiring要么boring，人們dozen off v2.課程內(nèi)容難，不感興趣；作業(yè)往往多而難(但若認(rèn)真聽課，勤奮學(xué)習(xí)就沒(méi)問(wèn)題)，男生成績(jī)差考試很難（道路曲折但前途光明）v3.雖然老師professor講課boring，但學(xué)生對(duì)教授評(píng)價(jià)往往較高如果聽懂了非常精彩場(chǎng)景詞匯場(chǎng)景詞匯vpresentation, speech ,address, report 演講，報(bào)告；vchallenging, demanding,有挑戰(zhàn)性；vfeel nervous=have butterflies in ones stomach=ones heart is pumping out，vcome t

12、hrough with flying colors=successfullyvcourse，lecture，assignment，exam=quiz，vborrow the girls noteborrow the girls note，vreading assignment-extensive reading,reading assignment-extensive reading,vtake the course =sign up for the coursetake the course =sign up for the course；vregisterregister；pick up

13、+pick up +課程名課程名 學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)vselective course / elective course / optional course; selective course / elective course / optional course; vrequired course / compulsory, seminar; creditrequired course / compulsory, seminar; credit；introductory courseintroductory course；advanced courseadvanced course；vFinal e

14、xamFinal exam； middle exam middle exam ；take a make-up testtake a make-up test補(bǔ)考；補(bǔ)考；pop test pop test 突擊測(cè)試突擊測(cè)試v補(bǔ)充詞匯：補(bǔ)充詞匯：vfreshman freshman 大一新生；大一新生；vsophomore sophomore 大二；大二；vjunior student junior student 大三；大三；vsenior student senior student 大四學(xué)生；大四學(xué)生；vundergraduate student undergraduate student

15、本科生本科生 ；vgraduate student / postgraduate student graduate student / postgraduate student 研究生研究生vdoctor studentdoctor student博士；博士；vpost doctor student post doctor student 博士后博士后（二）日常生活v這類場(chǎng)景是對(duì)校園生活的補(bǔ)充，主要涉及有關(guān)購(gòu)物消費(fèi)，餐飲娛樂(lè)和日常交往等方面的話題。v1 1 購(gòu)物、買票、訂房間購(gòu)物、買票、訂房間v場(chǎng)景思路場(chǎng)景思路：v1.學(xué)生窮，一般買的都是大減價(jià)的商品；v2.票一般很難買，需斗智斗勇；v3.訂房

16、間、座位時(shí)一般都出問(wèn)題(即使當(dāng)時(shí)沒(méi)問(wèn)題，后來(lái)也會(huì)出問(wèn)題)，但最終都能解決。場(chǎng)景詞匯場(chǎng)景詞匯vcost sb. an arm and a leg ; cost sb. an arm and a leg ; von sales=on offer; quite a bargain;on sales=on offer; quite a bargain;vsteal, stolen from ; steal, stolen from ; vShopping mall; department store; supermarket Shopping mall; department store; super

17、market (WALMART,TESCO); (WALMART,TESCO); vsupplies; appliance; necessity; essentialsupplies; appliance; necessity; essential；vmake a reservationmake a reservation；confirm a reservation confirm a reservation ；vcancel a reservation cancel a reservation ；be fully booked / full up / be fully booked / fu

18、ll up / full full 客滿客滿; ; vtips小費(fèi); vat the reception 前臺(tái)vcheck in 登記入住;vcheck out 退房vsingle room single room 單人房單人房; ;vdouble roomdouble room一張雙人床房一張雙人床房, , vtwin room twin room 兩張單人床的房間兩張單人床的房間; ;vsuite suite 套房套房; ; vbathroom/toilet /watebathroom/toilet /wate closet/restroom closet/restroom 廁所廁所; ;

19、vroom service room service 客房服務(wù)客房服務(wù); ;vlobbylobby大堂大堂; ball ; ball 舞廳舞廳;bar;bar酒吧酒吧; ; 2.餐飲娛樂(lè)v這類場(chǎng)景主要涉及有關(guān)外出就餐，日常飲食，這類場(chǎng)景主要涉及有關(guān)外出就餐，日常飲食，休閑娛樂(lè)和文化藝術(shù)等方面。休閑娛樂(lè)和文化藝術(shù)等方面。 v場(chǎng)景思路：場(chǎng)景思路：v1. 1.一般與美食無(wú)緣：不想吃，不能吃一般與美食無(wú)緣：不想吃，不能吃; ;v2. 2.所以有幸吃完后一定要贊美所以有幸吃完后一定要贊美場(chǎng)景詞匯場(chǎng)景詞匯vmenu; order; menu; order; vsteak; dessert; appetiz

20、ersteak; dessert; appetizer；vappetite; have no appetite/stomach forappetite; have no appetite/stomach for；vBon appetitBon appetitvmain course main course 主菜；主菜；vapple pie apple pie 蘋果派蘋果派vmake a reservation; reserve a tablemake a reservation; reserve a table定位子定位子; ;vbuffetbuffet自助餐自助餐, , 快餐快餐; ; vf

21、ancy restaurant; fancy restaurant; vmeal ticket(meal ticket(飯票飯票); ); veat out =dine out eat out =dine out vEat here or take away ?Eat here or take away ?堂吃還是外賣；堂吃還是外賣；vfoot the bill foot the bill 付賬付賬 ；vLets go dutchLets go dutch A A A A制制; ; vMy treat. My treat. 我請(qǐng)客；我請(qǐng)客； vservice charge service ch

22、arge 服務(wù)費(fèi)；服務(wù)費(fèi)；vchange change 找零；找零；vtips tips 小費(fèi)；小費(fèi)；vkeep the change keep the change 不用找零；不用找零；vEven my mothers cannot match this.(Even my mothers cannot match this.(贊美食物贊美食物好吃好吃) )我媽媽做的都比不上。我媽媽做的都比不上。3. 3.生病受傷生病受傷v場(chǎng)景思路場(chǎng)景思路：v1.中國(guó)學(xué)生窮，生病受傷一般先拖著，直到比較嚴(yán)重才去看??；v2.病情一般不會(huì)太嚴(yán)重，注意飲食、休息、運(yùn)動(dòng)；v3.生病有時(shí)會(huì)耽誤課（本人并不情愿）miss

23、 the class, (drop the class,skip the class)場(chǎng)景詞匯場(chǎng)景詞匯：vmedical centermedical center醫(yī)療中心；醫(yī)療中心； vclinicclinic診所；診所； vphysician physician 內(nèi)科醫(yī)生內(nèi)科醫(yī)生 vsurgeon surgeon 外科醫(yī)生外科醫(yī)生 vdentistdentist牙醫(yī)牙醫(yī); ;vmake an appointmentmake an appointment預(yù)約預(yù)約; ;vemergency roomemergency room急診急診; ;vcheck up / exam check up /

24、exam 檢查；檢查；vcoldcold感冒感冒; ;vfluflu流感流感 ; ;vheadacheheadache頭痛頭痛; ;vsore throatsore throat嗓子痛嗓子痛; ;vfeverfever發(fā)燒發(fā)燒; ; vstomachachestomachache胃疼；胃疼；vdizzy, faint dizzy, faint 頭暈頭暈; ; vvomitvomit，throw upthrow up嘔吐嘔吐; ; vtwist ones ankletwist ones ankle，vbreak ones legbreak ones leg，vhurt/strain ones b

25、ack;hurt/strain ones back;vthe remedy for/againstthe remedy for/against治治的藥方的藥方vremedy sthremedy sth 治療治療. .；vsymptom symptom 癥狀癥狀; ; vcure sb.ofcure sb.of a cure for a cure for 治愈治愈; ; vprescribeprescribe開處方開處方vfill the prescriptionfill the prescription按方抓藥按方抓藥; ; vpill / tablet pill / tablet 藥片藥片v

26、liquidliquid藥水藥水vinjection/shot injection/shot 注射注射voperation operation 手術(shù)手術(shù)vmedical result medical result 診斷結(jié)果診斷結(jié)果4. 4. 約會(huì)、打電話約會(huì)、打電話v場(chǎng)景思路場(chǎng)景思路：v1.電話打不通/打錯(cuò)v2、想找的人不在v3、約好的事做不了v4、想辦的事辦不成v場(chǎng)景詞匯：場(chǎng)景詞匯：vcell phone 手機(jī);pay phone 公用電話;vtelephone box/booth 電話亭; vrun out of coin, vfit sb./sth in 找到時(shí)間(見某人、做某事) vT

27、he doctor can fit you in today.醫(yī)生今天能跟你見面；vstand sb. up=cool ones heel放某人鴿子； vcut off被中斷；vhold on 別掛機(jī)；vhang up=get off掛斷; vdial the wrong number=there is no one by this name 打錯(cuò)電話了;vreceiver 聽筒vslot 投幣孔；vhook 鉤vtelephone book = yellow pages 電話簿5 5居家住房居家住房v場(chǎng)景思路：場(chǎng)景思路：v1. 1.電視電視 televisiontelevision，冰箱，冰

28、箱 fridgefridge，烤箱，烤箱 oven oven 電腦電腦 computercomputer需常修理；需常修理；v2. 2.房子難租：出租的房一般不會(huì)太好；價(jià)格一般較房子難租：出租的房一般不會(huì)太好；價(jià)格一般較貴；貴；v3. 3.老外熱情，喜歡幫朋友找住處；老外熱情，喜歡幫朋友找住處；v4. 4.去別人家做客時(shí)，往往找不到門；去別人家做客時(shí)，往往找不到門；v5. 5.如果要搬遷，理由一定是冠冕堂皇的：一般是為如果要搬遷，理由一定是冠冕堂皇的：一般是為了方便工作學(xué)習(xí)了方便工作學(xué)習(xí)v場(chǎng)景詞匯：場(chǎng)景詞匯：vlive on campus live on campus 住校住校; ; vliv

29、e off campus live off campus 住校外；住校外；vsuburb / downtown suburb / downtown 市郊市郊 / / 市中心；市中心；vrent rent 出租；出租；condition condition 住房條件；住房條件；unfurnished unfurnished 無(wú)裝修；無(wú)裝修；vblackout=powerfailureblackout=powerfailure斷電；斷電；vrepairrepair修理，修理，vmaintenancemaintenance維護(hù)保養(yǎng)，維護(hù)保養(yǎng)，vapartment complexapartment c

30、omplex公寓樓；公寓樓； vfill in/ fill out/ fill upfill in/ fill out/ fill up填表格；填表格； vbedroom bedroom 臥室；臥室；vliving room living room 起居室，客廳；起居室，客廳；vrest room rest room 廁所；廁所；vland lord land lord 房東；房東；vland lady land lady 房東太太；房東太太；vtenant tenant 房客；房客；vneat neat 整潔的；整潔的；vconsiderate considerate 體貼的，細(xì)心的；體貼的

31、，細(xì)心的；vmessy / untidy messy / untidy 臟亂的；臟亂的；vnoisy noisy 吵鬧的吵鬧的（三）交通出游v1.交通交通v場(chǎng)景思路：場(chǎng)景思路：v1.出門是極困難的：騎自行車掉鏈，公交車難擠，擠上了也會(huì)拋錨; 開私家車堵車，上了路也會(huì)出車禍；v2.但車禍一般是死不了人的。v場(chǎng)景詞匯場(chǎng)景詞匯：vlicense 駕照；vrush hours 高峰時(shí)間；vheavy ；traffic jam； be held up in the traffic被堵在路上；vbehind schedule= delay晚了;von schedule = on time; vbreak

32、traffic rules ；vgo speeding =be over speed 超速;vovertake 超車;vone way street 單行道；vpolice officer 交警;vget a ticket被開罰單; vpay the fine 交罰金；vsubway（美）/ underground（英） 地鐵；vfast way / express way / high way 高速公路 vmotor way 機(jī)動(dòng)車道；voverhead 輕軌；vflyover 過(guò)街天橋v2.機(jī)場(chǎng)場(chǎng)景機(jī)場(chǎng)場(chǎng)景v場(chǎng)景思路場(chǎng)景思路：v1.機(jī)票經(jīng)常售完，改坐別的航班；v2.趕飛機(jī)時(shí)間緊，但大都趕得

33、上;v3.接人晚點(diǎn)送人傷感;v4.行李需檢查v場(chǎng)景詞匯場(chǎng)景詞匯： vairplane/direct flight 直達(dá)航班；vhall 候機(jī)廳；terminal 候機(jī)大廳，終端；vfirst class頭等艙=business class; veconomy class經(jīng)濟(jì)艙; vconfirm the flight 確認(rèn)航班 vcheck in 登記 vboarding card 登機(jī)牌 vsecurity check 安檢 vsee sb.off 為sb.送行vkeep in touch with 與保持聯(lián)系; vboard on 登機(jī)；vswitch off the cell phone

34、; 關(guān)掉手機(jī)；vtake off 起飛;vdeparture time 起飛時(shí)間；v vsafety/seat belt 安全； vflight attendant乘務(wù)員；vfree food/snack available 提供免費(fèi)食物； vmake a safe landing 安全降落; vland 降落； vpick up 接機(jī)（四）工作求職v場(chǎng)景思路場(chǎng)景思路：v1.工作難找,面試需好好準(zhǔn)備;v2.對(duì)現(xiàn)有的工作不很滿意;v3.工作累人，日程安排緊v場(chǎng)景詞匯場(chǎng)景詞匯：vhave an opening for =job vacancy 有空缺職位vrecruitment agency 職業(yè)

35、介紹所；vheadhunter=head-hunting company; vheadhunting=executive search;vpaper報(bào)紙; vbrochure 宣傳小冊(cè)；vflier 傳單;vinterview面試；vresume簡(jiǎn)歷; vcertificates證書；v身份證明identification =ID；vqualification； vreference letter推薦信； vcover letter自薦信； va tight schedule;vpsychometric test 心理測(cè)試，vhand-writing analysis 筆跡分析；vwork o

36、vertime 加班；vask for a pay raise 加錢；vwage 周薪；salary 日薪；bonus獎(jiǎng)金；allowance 津貼； vget a promotion升職;vdismiss sb.=fire sb.=give sb. the gate/boot/canvas解雇;vresign辭職; vretire 退休;vlaid-off 下崗;v post / position / title 職務(wù);vholiday 假日，假期;vvacation休假;vannual leave年假;vask for sick leave 病假; vcoffee break休息喝咖啡.（

37、3 3）轉(zhuǎn)換推理類）轉(zhuǎn)換推理類雙向轉(zhuǎn)換、邏輯推雙向轉(zhuǎn)換、邏輯推理理 （難點(diǎn)）（難點(diǎn)）v一、雙向轉(zhuǎn)換v題型特點(diǎn)：所考察的問(wèn)題在原題中有明確的對(duì)應(yīng)答案，但往往不是原來(lái)的表述，正確答案常常是原文表達(dá)的同義或反義轉(zhuǎn)換（視聽錯(cuò)位）v解題對(duì)策：迅速瀏覽題目，劃出關(guān)鍵詞，熟練掌握v知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備：知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備：同義表達(dá)同義表達(dá)vpasser-by=people who pass by=pedestrianvCall off=cancel;vinteresting=fascinating=stimulating=not boringvGo over=brush up onvHit the ceiling=be very

38、 angry (2005.12.20)vBe starving=ones stomach is grumbling=Im not half=I can eat like a horsevHave a taste for=like doing sth.=go in for 。二、邏輯推理二、邏輯推理v否定否定v虛擬虛擬v比較比較v(一)否定類v題型特點(diǎn)：通過(guò)對(duì)話人的語(yǔ)音，語(yǔ)調(diào)，談話語(yǔ)音，語(yǔ)調(diào)，談話的內(nèi)容，對(duì)事物的褒貶表達(dá)的內(nèi)容，對(duì)事物的褒貶表達(dá)，來(lái)判斷說(shuō)話者的態(tài)度看法。難度較大，題目出現(xiàn)幾率大約為2-3道題v解題對(duì)策：“透過(guò)現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì)“，鍛煉從暗暗示，轉(zhuǎn)折，引申示，轉(zhuǎn)折，引申中推斷答案的能力。掌

39、握英文常用的肯定、否定表達(dá)，了解真實(shí)條件句和虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法，熟悉比較句型知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備v表示同意：表示同意：vYeah! How true! Exactly! Absolutely! vWell said! You got it! You said it! vYou can say that again. You bet! Thats for sure. vMy opinion exactly! vYou took the words out of my mouth.vI wish I had said that. vCould be! vYes, youve point there.v I

40、 am with you there vSo it seems! vSo to speak! vIn the manner of speaking. vThats one way of looking at it.v正式同意正式同意：vI share your view on that! vIt makes a lot of sense .vI couldnt agree with you more. vYou are a genius. vYoure really talented! vOkay, you are the doctor. vI think I will go along wi

41、th your proposal. vI get your back. vOut of questionv不同意不同意: vNot really. vNot at all. vOf course not. vNo way. vNot a chance. vIn your dreams. vOver my dead body. vDo you really think so . vIf I were you I wouldnt speak too soon.= Dont speak too soon. vI am not convinced. vIm afraid we dont see eye

42、 to eye on this. vThat was not the case. vNo, I dont agree. vDont waste your breath. vYou must be joking. / kidding .vYou cant be serious. vI wasnt born yesterday. vThats ridiculous. vIts pure fiction. vNon-sense! vThats out of the question! v(二)條件句及虛擬語(yǔ)氣 v條件句有兩種，一是真實(shí)條件句，二是虛擬條件句。真實(shí)條件句表達(dá)的意思是直接而明顯的，一般有

43、可能實(shí)現(xiàn);v虛擬條件句是間接而含蓄的。v聽到條件句時(shí)首先想它是真實(shí)的還是虛擬的。聽到條件句時(shí)首先想它是真實(shí)的還是虛擬的。v條件句中以if引導(dǎo)居多， 它們經(jīng)常用省略的形式，如if possible, if any, if not, if so, if necessary, if needed等，v聽省略形式的條件句，主要應(yīng)該抓住主句的基本內(nèi)容，vas long as, so long as, suppose, supposing, lets sayv虛擬語(yǔ)氣可以表示與事實(shí)相反的含義。v表示與現(xiàn)在及將來(lái)現(xiàn)在及將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的主要形式為：當(dāng)從句為過(guò)去式當(dāng)從句為過(guò)去式, ,主句為主句為

44、wouldwouldshouldshouldcouldcouldmight+might+動(dòng)詞原形；動(dòng)詞原形；v表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主要形式為：當(dāng)從句為當(dāng)從句為had+had+過(guò)去分詞，主句則用過(guò)去分詞，主句則用wouldwouldshouldshouldcouldcouldmightmighthavehave過(guò)去分詞。過(guò)去分詞。v聽力中考的相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單，虛擬語(yǔ)氣就是把時(shí)態(tài)往過(guò)去虛擬語(yǔ)氣就是把時(shí)態(tài)往過(guò)去推。推。v常用于引導(dǎo)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的詞有：vwerevif I were you I would=you should v00.06.4 vW: If I were you

45、, I would have accepted the jobvas if, as though, if only, provided that, but for, if it were not for, if it had not been for v（三）比較句（三）比較句v等比情況v用原級(jí)表比較: as+adj原形+as vnot half as good as v不等比情況v用比較級(jí)表最高級(jí)vNo one knows better. vNo one knows more aboutthanv用比較級(jí)最高級(jí)表否定vshould be better. vYou deserve better

46、. vbe the last thing I want in the world, vbe the least of worries, vbe superior to, be inferior to ,vprefer A to B, prefer to do A rather than do B ,would rather do A than do B.vbe far from satisfactoryvsth. leaves much to be desired短對(duì)話解題技巧短對(duì)話解題技巧v利用試音及中途停頓時(shí)間看選項(xiàng)，學(xué)會(huì)迅速瀏覽選項(xiàng)并劃出關(guān)鍵詞，或找出選項(xiàng)的不同之處，便于迅速把握各選項(xiàng)涵

47、義，減少反應(yīng)時(shí)間。v如果選項(xiàng)中有數(shù)字，迅速記下來(lái)。v看到選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)場(chǎng)景詞匯可大致猜測(cè)一下對(duì)話的內(nèi)容和問(wèn)題。v盡量多瀏覽幾道題，如果時(shí)間不夠，至少看完前三道題。v聽到試音結(jié)束，立即停止瀏覽，集中精力看聽到試音結(jié)束，立即停止瀏覽，集中精力看要做的題目，利用選項(xiàng)做相關(guān)記錄要做的題目，利用選項(xiàng)做相關(guān)記錄v一定穩(wěn)定心態(tài)，沒(méi)聽清也不要慌，繼續(xù)聽下一定穩(wěn)定心態(tài)，沒(méi)聽清也不要慌，繼續(xù)聽下面的。面的。v把握聽力關(guān)鍵小詞，如轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、時(shí)間、把握聽力關(guān)鍵小詞，如轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、時(shí)間、暗示等，對(duì)關(guān)鍵句型要敏感，如反問(wèn)、建議暗示等，對(duì)關(guān)鍵句型要敏感，如反問(wèn)、建議等，著重聽等，著重聽but, although but, a

48、lthough 等后面的話，這些往等后面的話，這些往往是答案所在。往是答案所在。v如果有沒(méi)有聽清的，可依靠常識(shí)、平時(shí)的特如果有沒(méi)有聽清的，可依靠常識(shí)、平時(shí)的特定場(chǎng)景及思路進(jìn)行判斷與猜測(cè)。定場(chǎng)景及思路進(jìn)行判斷與猜測(cè)。 解題原則解題原則v一、兜圈子原則一、兜圈子原則v即所謂的即所謂的“聽到什么不選什么聽到什么不選什么”：多數(shù)情況：多數(shù)情況下，對(duì)話中一般沒(méi)有現(xiàn)成的答案，需對(duì)對(duì)話下，對(duì)話中一般沒(méi)有現(xiàn)成的答案，需對(duì)對(duì)話進(jìn)行推理，故直接在對(duì)話中聽到的一般不是進(jìn)行推理，故直接在對(duì)話中聽到的一般不是正確答案。正確答案。v在聽的時(shí)候要注意抓住選擇項(xiàng)的在聽的時(shí)候要注意抓住選擇項(xiàng)的同義或反義同義或反義詞詞，或根據(jù)對(duì)

49、話內(nèi)容采用歸納、推論或辨別，或根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容采用歸納、推論或辨別的方法回答。的方法回答。v1.語(yǔ)音、語(yǔ)調(diào): v通常用降調(diào)，特別是在一般疑問(wèn)句或反義疑問(wèn)句中用降調(diào)，表示對(duì)事物的肯定；v用升調(diào)，特別是在肯定句中或特殊疑問(wèn)句中用升調(diào)，表示對(duì)事物的懷疑和否定。v有時(shí)通過(guò)反義問(wèn)句的否定含義來(lái)表達(dá)說(shuō)話人的意圖。v2.事物間的聯(lián)系v不直截了當(dāng)?shù)鼗卮饐?wèn)題，而是大放煙霧彈，需要腦筋急轉(zhuǎn)彎，順藤摸瓜,領(lǐng)會(huì)說(shuō)話人意圖v3虛擬語(yǔ)氣表達(dá)相反的意圖v二女尊男卑原則：一般男生地位低，女生較為“上等”。v男生提出的觀點(diǎn)女生都是不同意或有不同看法的，反之女生提出的觀點(diǎn)男生都是同意和贊賞的。v男生不論學(xué)習(xí)工作生活上往往都時(shí)已受挫，

50、女生則常常春風(fēng)得意。 v三悲慘原則：v所談?wù)撌卤厝豢部啦ㄕ鄱嗄ルy，決不可能一帆風(fēng)順，意外是一定發(fā)生的，但通過(guò)主人公積極發(fā)揮主觀能動(dòng)性，往往結(jié)局較好。即血淚交加中的光明與希望，曲折性與前進(jìn)性相統(tǒng)一。v四常識(shí)原則：v符合常識(shí)的不一定總對(duì)，但不符合常識(shí)的，日常生活中不太可能發(fā)生的;內(nèi)容不合理的，比較荒謬的選項(xiàng),不利于精神文明及和諧社會(huì)建設(shè)的，一定不對(duì).平時(shí)的訓(xùn)練：v首先，要糾正發(fā)音，應(yīng)注意熟悉并模仿純正英語(yǔ)的發(fā)音。還要注意連讀弱讀等，v其次，注意積累并理解?？嫉膱?chǎng)景和思路，掌握每個(gè)場(chǎng)景相關(guān)?？嫉脑~匯和表達(dá)。v然后，最重要的是聽真題。v一份真題最好能聽三遍一份真題最好能聽三遍:v1.邊聽邊做題，然后核

51、對(duì)答案邊聽邊做題，然后核對(duì)答案v2. 不看原文再聽一遍，著重聽做錯(cuò)不看原文再聽一遍，著重聽做錯(cuò)的題。的題。v3.將仍做錯(cuò)的題找出，看著原文聽將仍做錯(cuò)的題找出，看著原文聽一遍，并總結(jié)出錯(cuò)的原因一遍，并總結(jié)出錯(cuò)的原因：v單詞沒(méi)聽清，單詞不認(rèn)識(shí)，不熟悉特殊語(yǔ)音現(xiàn)象引起的變音，固定搭配不理解。v五套題，聽力水平會(huì)有大幅提升。聽爛一套題比濫聽十套題更有效。v重視常用語(yǔ)的固定表達(dá)與固定搭配,如果不了解其中固定用法的意義就不能判斷說(shuō)話人的意圖，這就要求我們熟練掌握、積累短語(yǔ)、習(xí)語(yǔ)、慣用法的意義。長(zhǎng)對(duì)話長(zhǎng)對(duì)話v長(zhǎng)對(duì)話考察的內(nèi)容和形式與短對(duì)話十分相似，一脈相承，是短對(duì)話的加長(zhǎng)版短對(duì)話的加長(zhǎng)版，屬于短對(duì)話到篇章聽

52、力理解的過(guò)渡形式。v從量上說(shuō)：通常為6-9個(gè)回合個(gè)回合，時(shí)間控制在1：40-2：00之間之間。信息量大，關(guān)鍵信息容易被淹沒(méi)，持續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)，容易走神。v從質(zhì)上說(shuō)：題目常以客觀題為主，輔以少量的主觀判斷題。題目類型，出題規(guī)律等與短對(duì)話極為類似，句子口語(yǔ)性強(qiáng)，考點(diǎn)往往蘊(yùn)含在長(zhǎng)句中，且分布得比較均勻（對(duì)話的開篇，中間和結(jié)尾），可依據(jù)順序原則進(jìn)行答題。長(zhǎng)對(duì)話命題特點(diǎn)總結(jié)長(zhǎng)對(duì)話命題特點(diǎn)總結(jié)v1. 一般會(huì)有一題整體把握，考察對(duì)話主題、對(duì)話人物關(guān)系或?qū)υ挼攸c(diǎn)場(chǎng)景等。v若為多話題內(nèi)容，則選擇其中幾個(gè)話題進(jìn)行考察；v若為內(nèi)容為單一事件的描述，則關(guān)注事件的起因、經(jīng)過(guò)、結(jié)果等方面;v若為調(diào)研性內(nèi)容，則考察點(diǎn)往往可能集中

53、到被調(diào)研人的觀點(diǎn)、意見、建議等方面。v2. 對(duì)話的開頭和結(jié)尾幾句話往往是考察的重點(diǎn)，同時(shí)還會(huì)根據(jù)題目設(shè)置，針對(duì)對(duì)話中部的一兩處進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。v問(wèn)題的設(shè)置符合順序原則。在文中問(wèn)答交替處，尤其是問(wèn)題的回答部分。v出現(xiàn)以下“燈塔詞匯”的地方往往為問(wèn)題答案所在，或者答案的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。va.轉(zhuǎn)折詞：But, However, Nevertheless, Otherwise, Whereas ,Yet, Unfortunately，In contrastvb.動(dòng)詞：Said, Told, Discovered, Found, Showed, Indicated.vc.語(yǔ)氣加以強(qiáng)調(diào)的詞：frst, last, m

54、ost, just, onlyvd.此外，出現(xiàn)下列情況時(shí)考生也應(yīng)多注意：舉例、重復(fù)、設(shè)問(wèn)，這些地方也是答案集中區(qū)域。解題步驟與原則解題步驟與原則v總原則：與短對(duì)話正好相反，“聽到什么選什么”。 1、答案設(shè)置的順序原則：?jiǎn)栴}的順序與行文順序一致。 2、對(duì)于較短的選項(xiàng)，可以邊聽邊看選項(xiàng)，一般都是細(xì)節(jié)題。v3、較長(zhǎng)的選項(xiàng)，如果時(shí)間充裕，可以快速瀏覽并劃出其關(guān)鍵詞，掌握選項(xiàng)的大致含義。如果時(shí)間緊迫，來(lái)不及瀏覽選項(xiàng)，可以先集中精力聽完文章，做好記錄，回頭再仔細(xì)閱讀每個(gè)選項(xiàng)，結(jié)合筆記作答。v出現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)選項(xiàng)的題一般以主旨大意題為主，考查的是整篇文章的中心主旨等，所以概括性強(qiáng)、反應(yīng)中心的選項(xiàng)一般更有可能是正確答案

55、。 v4、首末句加中間：一般而言，對(duì)話的開頭結(jié)尾對(duì)應(yīng)著第一和最后一道題，對(duì)所選答案不確定時(shí)，可以看那個(gè)選項(xiàng)與首末句最為接近。聽到中間部分時(shí)要對(duì)上面總結(jié)的幾類“燈塔詞匯”分外敏感，著重記錄，防止混淆。知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備：一詞多義知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備：一詞多義vpaper:v1 論文v2005.06.33.vW: I am going to Marthas house. I have a paper to complete. And I need to use her computer.vM: Why dont you buy one yourself? Think how much time you could sa

56、ve.Q: What does the man suggest the woman do? v2008.12.1717. vM: How about joining me for a cup of coffee?W: Id love to, but Im exhausted. I was up till 3 this morning, writing a paper for my literature class. vQ: Why does the woman decline the mans invitation?v2 報(bào)紙v2002.06.9vM: Excuse me, Id like t

57、o place an advertisement for a used car in this Sunday edition of your paper. vW: Ok, but you have to run your advertisement all week. We cant quote rates for just Sunday. vQ: Where is the conversation most probably taking placev3.紙v2001.01.6 vW: Im looking for a quality paper to type my essay. I do

58、nt see any on the shelf.M: I saw some in the stock room in the morning. Ill go and check.Q: What does the woman want to buy?billbillv1 賬單，買單。v2007.12 passage 3vand thus you dont have to have sufficient cash to pay the entire bill at once. v2）提案。vWe all passed the bill on yesterdays board meeting.在昨天

59、的董事會(huì)上我們?nèi)蓖ㄟ^(guò)該提案。v3）紙幣。v2003.9.passage twovThe guards and other employees stood back and let him stuff the bills in his shirt and pants without trying to prevent him from taking the money.vHeres a 10-dollar bill. Give me two tickets for tonights show please.v4）人名bookbookv1）書。本意，簡(jiǎn)單名詞。圖書館場(chǎng)景中常見。（textbook

60、, bookstore 較常出現(xiàn)）v2001.01.8.M: I bought a few books at the new bookstore. Would you like to have a look at them? W: A few? It looks like you bought out the bookstore Q: What does the woman mean? v2002.01.2.vW: Did you find the book for your reading assignment in the library? vM: It closed before I got there. I had no idea that it clos