美國文學(xué)筆記整理完整版-專八人文知識

1、美國文學(xué)筆記整理完整版1607-1776北美殖民時期Colonial Settlements約翰·史密斯美國文學(xué)史上第一個作家John Smith A Ture Relation of Virginia關(guān)于費(fèi)吉尼亞的真實(shí)敘述(美國文學(xué)第一本書喬納森·愛德華茲清教徒主義作家(PuritanismJonathan Edwards1776-1783獨(dú)立革命時期Revolution of Independence (啟蒙運(yùn)動本杰明·富蘭克林Poor Richards Almana c窮查理歷書;Benjamin Franklin The Way to Wealth致富之道

2、;1706-1790 The Autobiography自傳(記錄作者從窮到成功的經(jīng)歷,“美國夢”反映,體現(xiàn)啟蒙倡導(dǎo)的理性主義和有序、教育的觀點(diǎn)托馬斯·潘恩美國獨(dú)立之父the father of American revolutionThomas Paine Common Sense常識(獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭宣傳冊revolutionary pamphlets 1737-1809American Crisis美國危機(jī)(鼓勵人民抵抗英軍,共16小冊Rights of Man人的權(quán)利(支持法國革命The Age of Reason理性時代(基督給他名譽(yù)帶來的影響菲利普·弗倫諾獨(dú)立詩人a p

3、oet of the American Revolution,美國詩歌之父Philip Freneau The Rising Glory of America蒸蒸日上的美洲1752-1832 The British Prison Ship英國囚船The Wild Honey suckle野生的金銀花The Indian Burying Ground印第安人殯葬地To the Memory of the Brave Americans紀(jì)念美國勇士-同類詩中最佳托馬斯·杰斐遜獨(dú)立宣言Declaration of IndependenceThomas Jefferson18世紀(jì)末-19世紀(jì)

4、中后浪漫主義時期Romanticism1. 早期浪漫主義華盛頓·歐文美國文學(xué)之父father of American Literature(為美國文學(xué)第一次贏得世界聲譽(yù)Washington Irving 以筆記小說和歷史傳廳聞名,humor1783-1859 The Sketch Book見聞札記(標(biāo)志浪漫主義開始A History of New York紐約史-美國人寫的第一部詼諧文學(xué)杰作;-The Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷的傳說-成為美國第1個獲國際聲譽(yù)作家-Rip Van Winkle里普·萬·溫克爾(李伯大夢The Alhambr

5、a阿爾罕伯拉詹姆斯·費(fèi)尼莫爾·庫珀frontier novel邊疆傳奇小說sea novelJames Fenimore Cooper The Spy間諜(獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭間諜對抗英國1789-1851 The Pilot領(lǐng)航者(sea novelLeatherstocking Tales皮襪子五步曲(frontier novelThe Pioneer拓荒者(the first true romance of the frontier in American literatureThe Last of Mohicans最后的莫希干人(主角:Natty Bumppo 納蒂班波The

6、Prairie大草原The Pathfinder探路者The Deerslayer殺鹿者2. 超驗(yàn)主義New England Transcendentalism拉爾夫·沃爾多·愛默生Nature論自然-新英格蘭超驗(yàn)主義者的宣言書manifesto Ralf Waldo Emerson The American Scholar論美國學(xué)者;1803-1882 Self-reliance論自立The Transcendentalist超驗(yàn)主義者Representative Men代表人物School Address神學(xué)院演說Days日子-首開自由詩之先河free verse亨利&

7、#183;大衛(wèi)·梭羅Walden瓦爾登湖Henry David Thoreau A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers在康科德河和梅里麥克河上的一周1817-1862 Civil Disobedience論公民之不服從納撒尼爾·霍桑subject: human soul first great American writer of fiction 象征主義大師Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Letter紅字1804-1864 Twice-told Tales盡人皆知的故事Mosses from a

8、n Old Manse古屋青苔The House of the Seven Gables有七個尖角閣的房子The Marble Faun玉石雕像The Blithedale Romance福谷傳奇Young Goodman Brown年輕的布朗The Birthmark胎記赫爾曼·邁爾維爾擅長航海奇遇和異域風(fēng)情Herman Melville Moby Dick/The White Whale白鯨(first American prose epic史詩 1819-1891 Typee泰比Omoo奧穆Mardi瑪?shù)豔hite Jacket白外衣Pierre皮爾埃; Billy Budd比

9、利·巴德沃爾特·惠特曼Father of free verse自由詩之父Walt Whitman Leaves of Grass草葉集(the birth of truly American poetry and the endof romanticism(共和圣經(jīng)Democratic Bible美國史詩American Epic1819-1892 Song of Myself自我之歌Democratic Vistas民主的前景埃米莉·迪金森她的詩大量破折號dash,主題love, nature, death, immortality; 語言plain, brev

10、ity, directEmily Dickinson This is My Letter to the World這是我給世界的一封信1830-1886I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died我死時聽到一只蒼蠅叫Because I could not Stop for Death因?yàn)槲也荒艿却郎馡m Nobody. Who Are You?我是無名小卒。你是誰?埃德加·愛倫·坡偵探小說之父,首開近代偵探小說先河,又是法國象征主義運(yùn)動的源頭Edgar Allan Poe Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque怪誕奇異故事

11、集;1809-1849 The Murders in the Rue Morgue莫格路上的暗殺The Fall of the House of Usher厄舍古屋的倒塌The Raven烏鴉To Hellen致海倫3. 爐邊詩人Fireside Poets威廉·柯倫·布萊恩特Thanatopsis死亡觀William Cullen Bryant To a Waterfowl致水鳥1794-1878The Fountain泉Song of Marions Men馬里恩的人類之歌The Flood of Years似水流年A Forest Hymn森林賦The White-F

12、ooted Deer白蹄鹿亨利·沃茲沃思·朗費(fèi)羅the first poet to write the narrative poemsHenry Wadsworth Longfellow V oices of the Night夜吟1807-1882 A Psalm of Life人生禮贊Evangeline伊凡吉琳The Song of Hiawatha海華沙之歌-美國人寫的第一部印第安人史詩;20世紀(jì)初至今現(xiàn)代主義時期American Modernism1.二戰(zhàn)前詩歌艾茲拉·龐德美國現(xiàn)代詩歌創(chuàng)始人the father of modern American po

13、etry, 意象派詩歌之父Ezra Pound the father of Imagist Peotry1885-1972 Cathay華夏(英譯中國詩In a station of the Metro在地鐵站Pisam Cantos比薩詩章The Cantos of Ezra Pound龐德詩章(109首及8首未完成稿羅伯特·弗羅斯特New Hampshire新罕布什爾The Road Not taken沒有選擇的道路Robert Frost A Boys Wish少年心愿After Apple-picking摘蘋果之后1874-1963 North of Boston波士頓之北M

14、ending Wall修墻華萊士·史蒂文斯spokesman for the rationalist humanist traditionWallace Stevens Harmonium風(fēng)琴1879-1955 The Man With the Blue Guitar彈藍(lán)吉它的人Collected Poems 詩集The Auroras of Autumn秋天的晨曦Sunday Morning禮拜天早晨2.二戰(zhàn)前小說弗朗西斯·司各特·菲茨杰拉德The Great Gatsby了不起的蓋茨比F Scott Fitzgerald The Beautiful and t

15、he Damned美麗的和該死的1896-1940 The Side of Paradise人間天堂(his first novelTender in the Night夜色溫柔(迷惘的一代 Tales of the Jazz爵士時代的故事The Last Tycoon最后的巨頭Flappers and Philosophers姑娘們和哲學(xué)家們辛克萊·劉易斯美國第一個獲諾貝爾獎Sinclair Lewis Babbitt巴比特1885-1951 Main Street大街Arrowsmith艾羅史密斯Elmer Gantry艾爾默·甘特里Dodsworth多茲沃斯歐內(nèi)斯特&

16、#183;海明威“迷惘的一代”的代表人物L(fēng)ost generation 1954諾貝爾獎Ernest Hemingway Farewell to Arms永別了,武器1899-1961 The Old Man and the Sea老人與海The Sun Also Rises太陽照樣升起For Whom the Bell Tolls喪鐘為誰而鳴Death in the Afternoon午后之死In Our Time在我們的年代里;The Torrents of Spring春潮;威廉·福克納1950諾貝爾獎William Faulkner The Sound and the Fur

17、y喧囂與騷動(lost innocence, stream of consciousness1897-1962 Absalom,Absolam押沙龍,押沙龍(historical novelAs I lay dying當(dāng)我彌留之際約翰·斯坦貝克1962諾貝爾獎,美國經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條時期作家John Steinbeck The Grapes of Wrath憤怒的葡萄1902-1966 Of Mice and Men鼠和人The Pearl珍珠Tortilla Flat煎餅房舍伍德·安德森Winesburg,Ohio俄亥俄州的溫斯堡Sherwood Anderson The Triumph of the Egg雞蛋的勝利1876-1941 Death in the Woods林中之死3.二戰(zhàn)前戲劇尤金·奧尼爾1936諾貝爾獎,標(biāo)志美國民族戲劇的成熟,悲劇Eugene Oneil Beyond the Horizon天邊外1888-1953 The Long Days Journey Into Night長夜漫漫路迢迢4.當(dāng)代作家威廉·卡羅斯·威廉斯William Carlos Williams 詩人1883-