高二選修UnitRobotsGrammar下載PPT課件

1、不定式語法 不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài) 不定式有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化，時態(tài)共四種，即一般式、完成式、進(jìn)行式和完成進(jìn)行式。語態(tài)分為主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)，如下表所示。第1頁/共33頁語態(tài)語態(tài) 時態(tài)時態(tài)主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般式一般式 to do to be done完成式完成式 to have done to have been done進(jìn)行式進(jìn)行式 to be doing/完成進(jìn)行式完成進(jìn)行式 to have been doing/第2頁/共33頁 當(dāng)動詞不定式的邏輯主語是動詞不定式所表示的動作的執(zhí)行者時用主動語態(tài)；當(dāng)動詞不定式的邏輯主語是動詞不定式所表達(dá)的動作的承受者時用被動語態(tài)。進(jìn)行式和完成進(jìn)

2、行式?jīng)]有被動語態(tài)。 第3頁/共33頁1作主語：作主語： It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here.2作賓語：作賓語： She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang.一一 第4頁/共33頁3構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語：構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語： He wanted the letter to be typed at once. She didnt like herself to be praised like that.4構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語：構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語： The books are not allowed to be taken ou

3、t of the room.第5頁/共33頁5作定語：作定語： Are you going to the meeting to be held in the teachers office?6作狀語：作狀語： She was too young to be assigned such work.第6頁/共33頁It is a good thing for him to have been criticized.（主語）（主語）She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. (賓語賓語)）第7頁/共33頁He thought it an

4、honour to have been invited to the party. （復(fù)合賓語）（復(fù)合賓語）The book is said to have been translated into many languages. （復(fù)合謂語）（復(fù)合謂語）She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post. （定語）（定語） 第8頁/共33頁三、不定式的主動形式表示被動三、不定式的主動形式表示被動1在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如：There is a lot of homework to do(也可用to be done) T

5、here is no time to lose (to be lost).第9頁/共33頁三、不定式的主動形式表示被動三、不定式的主動形式表示被動2在“npron + be + adj + to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中。常用的形容詞有easy，difficult，hard，impossible，nice，pleasant，light，heavy，interesting，important，expensive，cheap， fit， dangerous等。例如：He is hard to convince.He is an impossible person to work with第10頁/共33頁3.

6、在“tooto do; enoughto”結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：The problem is too difficult to work out (to be worked out)The house is big enough to live in.第11頁/共33頁4在“with+n+to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如：With nothing to do，he lay in bedWith so many exercises to do，I cant go to the cinema第12頁/共33頁5當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語在句中出現(xiàn)時。 例如： I have a letter to type today (I

7、是to type的邏輯主語) Do you have anything to say? (you是to say的邏輯主語)第13頁/共33頁6當(dāng)不定式隱含在for sb to do結(jié)構(gòu)中 時。例如：This is the best book to read (=for usyou to read)The important thing to do is to lock the door when we leave the house第14頁/共33頁7一些作表語用的不定式的主動形式。 常見的這類動詞有l(wèi)et(出租)，rent， hire，blame等。例如： The house is to l

8、et I felt l was to blame.第15頁/共33頁NOTICE動詞不定式主動語態(tài)形式的使用要比被動語態(tài)形式的使用普遍，有時（尤其在口語中）雖然意思上是被動的，也往往用主動語態(tài)形式來表示。 I have three motors to repair today.The task is difficult to finish on time.第16頁/共33頁 1. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains_ whether they will enjoy it. A. to

9、 see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seenExercise B第17頁/共33頁 2. I hurried to the meeting hall, only_ that the meeting had been put off. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. toldB第18頁/共33頁 3. Do let your mother know all the truth, she appears_ everything. A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to

10、have been toldD第19頁/共33頁 4. Little Tom should love_ to the theater this evening. A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. takingA第20頁/共33頁 5. It is said that plastics can be used to_ many things. Now people are used to_ plastics products. A. make; using B. making; using C. making; use D. make; us

11、eA第21頁/共33頁 6. With a lot of problems_, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settledC第22頁/共33頁7. He_ and was made to repeat it. A. didnt understand B. didnt be understood C. wasnt understand D. wasnt understoodD第23頁/共33頁 8. The pupils here_

12、all kinds of exercises every day in the past four weeks. A. kept busy doing B. keep on doing C. have kept busy doing D. have been kept busy doingD第24頁/共33頁 9. Visitors_ not to touch the exhibits. A. will request B. request C. are requesting D. are requestedD第25頁/共33頁 10. In some parts of the world,

13、tea _ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. servedB第26頁/共33頁1.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier _ it more difficult. (MET99) A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make 不定式與高考題第27頁/共33頁2. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my

14、new job. (MET2000) A. Expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects3. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couples but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it. (MET2001) A. to see B. seen C. seeing D. to be seen 第28頁/共33頁4. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry

15、all the way home. (MET2003) A. much too heavy B. too much heavy C. heavy too much D. too heavy much第29頁/共33頁5._late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. (2001年北京春季高考) A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having sleep 6.With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.(2002年上海春季高考) A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled第30頁/共33頁7. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role _in making the earth a better place to live. (2003上海春季高考) A. to have played B. to play C. to be played