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1、2015寒假高中英語(yǔ)講義教學(xué)內(nèi)容(頂格四號(hào)黑體)1、 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞2、教學(xué)目標(biāo)2015寒假高中英語(yǔ)教材目錄第一篇 第二篇 第三篇 第四篇 第五篇 第六篇 第七篇 第八篇 第九篇 第十篇 第十一篇 第十二篇 (小四黑體,共十二篇)第一篇 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞具有動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn),但在句子中起著名詞、形容詞、副詞的作用,充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ),即:除謂語(yǔ)以外的一切成分。考點(diǎn)分析:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞包括不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞等三種形式,這是歷年高考必考內(nèi)容,每年都會(huì)有1-2題涉及該部分要點(diǎn)??键c(diǎn)集中在:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別;動(dòng)名詞和不定式作賓語(yǔ)的用法比較;現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞的用法比較;特定句型

2、中非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法等。知識(shí)點(diǎn)1 非謂語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)1. 分詞作定語(yǔ)(1)作定語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞分詞形式為:v.ing、being過(guò)去分詞和過(guò)去分詞。當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與分詞為主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí),用v.ing;當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與分詞為被動(dòng)關(guān)系且表正在進(jìn)行時(shí),用being過(guò)去分詞;當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與分詞為被動(dòng)關(guān)系且表完成時(shí),用過(guò)去分詞。The houses being built are for the teachers.正在建的那些房子是為老師們建的。(被動(dòng),正在進(jìn)行)“Things lost never come again!” I couldn't help talking to myself.我不禁自言自語(yǔ)道

3、:“覆水難收??!”(被動(dòng),完成,表狀態(tài))I have never seen a more moving movie.我從未看過(guò)更感人的電影。(主動(dòng),表特征) (2)作定語(yǔ)的不及物動(dòng)詞分詞形式為:v.­ing和過(guò)去分詞。v.­ing表示正在進(jìn)行;過(guò)去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成。2.不定式作定語(yǔ)(1)作定語(yǔ)的不定式如果是不及物動(dòng)詞,或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)、工具等,不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的介詞。The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.布朗一家有一幢舒適的房子可以居住。但是,不定式所修飾的名詞如果是time,place

4、或way時(shí),不定式后面的介詞習(xí)慣上省去。He had no money and no place to live(in)他沒(méi)錢,也沒(méi)有安居之所。(2)當(dāng)作定語(yǔ)的不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí),不定式既可用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),也可用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),但其含義有所不同。Have you got anything to send?你有什么東西要寄嗎?(不定式to send的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是“你”)Have you got anything to be sent?你有什么要(我或別人)寄的東西嗎?(不定式to be sent的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是“我”或“別人”)(3)用不定式作定語(yǔ)的幾種情況:不定式表將來(lái)。The

5、 car to be bought is for his sister.要買的這輛車是給他姐姐的。用來(lái)修飾被序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)或no,all,any等限定的中心詞,且與中心詞為主動(dòng)關(guān)系。He was the best man to do the job.他是做這個(gè)工作最好的人選。She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.她是在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上第一個(gè)獲得金牌的女性。用來(lái)修飾的詞是抽象名詞時(shí)用不定式,常見(jiàn)的有:ability,chance,idea,fact,excuse,promise,answer,reply,at

6、tempt,belief,way,reason,moment,time等。Do you have the ability to read and write in English?你具備讀寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)的能力嗎?I have no chance to go sightseeing.我沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)外出觀光。 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 位置 語(yǔ)態(tài)特征 時(shí)態(tài)特征 現(xiàn)在 分詞 單個(gè)的現(xiàn)在分詞多前置,現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)一般后置 doing表示主動(dòng)being done表示被動(dòng) 動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行 過(guò)去 分詞 單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞多前置,過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)常后置 被動(dòng) 動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成 不定式 后置 to do表示主動(dòng),to be done表示被動(dòng) 動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)

7、生 【例1】 (2013·高考天津卷)In some languages,100 words make up half of all words _ in daily conversations. Ausing Bto use Chaving used Dused 解析:句意:在一些語(yǔ)言中,100個(gè)單詞占了日常對(duì)話所使用的所有單詞的一半。題干中make up是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,_in daily conversations作后置定語(yǔ),修飾words,words與use之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用過(guò)去分詞used。 知識(shí)點(diǎn)2 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)1. 分詞作狀語(yǔ) (1)分詞作狀語(yǔ)的形式(2)分詞作狀語(yǔ)的

8、基本原則分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致。分詞作狀語(yǔ)必須和句中主語(yǔ)含有邏輯上的主謂或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,否則一般不能使用分詞作狀語(yǔ)。(3)分詞作狀語(yǔ)的句法功能分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),可以表時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、行為方式、伴隨狀況等。表示時(shí)間關(guān)系的分詞短語(yǔ)有時(shí)可由連詞while或when引出。Hearing the news,they got excited.(時(shí)間)聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息,他們很激動(dòng)。Be careful while/when crossing the street.(時(shí)間)過(guò)馬路的時(shí)候小心點(diǎn)。Having been told many times,he still r

9、epeated the same mistake.(讓步)雖然他被多次告知,但他仍然犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。The teacher came into the lab,followed by some students.(伴隨狀況)老師走進(jìn)了實(shí)驗(yàn)室,身后跟著一些學(xué)生。Having been bitten by a snake, she was frightened at it.(原因)因?yàn)楸簧咭н^(guò),她很害怕它。2. 不定式作狀語(yǔ) 不定式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句,不定式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)往往用來(lái)作目的狀語(yǔ)、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)或原因狀語(yǔ)。(1)不定式用來(lái)作目的狀語(yǔ):作目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí),不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)通常也是全句的主語(yǔ),這里往往譯

10、作“為了,想要”。To be a winner,you need to give all you have and try your best.要想成為贏家,你要付出所有并竭盡全力。To complete the project in time,the staff were working at weekends.為了及時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工程,全體員工周末加班。 (2)不定式用于:so.as to.;such.as to;enough to.;too.to;only to等結(jié)構(gòu)中往往用來(lái)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle?你能不能

11、行行好,借給我你的自行車?He's such a fool as to think that his idle chatter can influence others.他如此愚蠢以至于認(rèn)為他的閑扯能影響別人。He hurried to the booking office only to be told all the tickets had been sold out.他匆忙去了售票處,結(jié)果被告知所有的票已經(jīng)賣完了。(“onlyto do”表示出乎意料的結(jié)果,tell和主語(yǔ)he之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,因而應(yīng)用不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)) (1)不定式和現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別:不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)往往

12、表示意想不到的或不愿看到的結(jié)果,而現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)則表示自然而然的結(jié)果。His parents died,leaving him an orphan.他的父母去世了,使他成為孤兒。(2)不定式與形容詞連用時(shí),大多表示原因,用來(lái)作原因狀語(yǔ)。這些形容詞主要有:happy,kind,surprised,frightened,angry,shocked,glad,delighted,disappointed等。I'm very glad to hear the news.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息我非常高興。【例2】 (2013·高考湖南卷)_warm at night,I would fill

13、 the woodstove,then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it. AStaying BStayed CTo stay DStay 解析:句意:晚上為了取暖,我會(huì)填滿柴爐,然后為鬧鐘定時(shí)以便半夜里能起來(lái)再添一次。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ),故答案為C。為了突出目的,通常把目的狀語(yǔ)置于句首。 【例3】(2013·高考安徽卷)_ in the early 20th century,the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art. ATo fo

14、und BFounding CFounded DHaving founded 解析:句意:這所學(xué)校創(chuàng)建于20世紀(jì)早期,它一直激勵(lì)著孩子們對(duì)于藝術(shù)的熱愛(ài)。the school與found之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞。 知識(shí)點(diǎn)3 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)1. 常接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。 口訣記憶:考慮建議盼原諒,承認(rèn)推遲沒(méi)得想。避免錯(cuò)過(guò)繼續(xù)練,否認(rèn)完成就欣賞。禁止想象才冒險(xiǎn),不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡。consider,suggest/advise,look forward to,excuse/pardon;admit,delay/put off,fancy(想象,設(shè)想);avoid,miss,keep/ke

15、ep on,practice;deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate;forbid,imagine,risk;can't help,mind,allow/permit,escape。2. 常接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞。 口訣記憶:決心學(xué)會(huì)想希望,拒絕設(shè)法愿假裝。主動(dòng)答應(yīng)選計(jì)劃,同意請(qǐng)求幫一幫。 decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish;refuse,manage,care,pretend;offer,promise,choose,plan;agree,ask/beg,help。此外,afford,strive,happen,w

16、ait,threaten等也要用不定式作賓語(yǔ)。3. 下列動(dòng)詞或詞組既可以跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),也可以跟不定式作賓語(yǔ),但意義上有區(qū)別,要特別注意。forget rememberregret stoptry meango oncan't help4. 動(dòng)詞need,require,want作“需要”解時(shí),其后必須用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式或不定式的被動(dòng)形式作賓語(yǔ),表示事情需要被做。這時(shí)動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。be worth后必須用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。此外,need,require,want后可以接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ),然后接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),表示“需要/想要/要求某人做某事”。即:nee

17、d/want/require(需要) be worthbe worthyThe window needs/requires/wants窗戶需要擦一下。This place is這個(gè)地方值得參觀?!纠?】 (2012·高考福建卷)China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from _in the South China Sea. Aattacking Bhaving attacked Cbeing attacked Dhav

18、ing been attacked 解析:考查動(dòng)名詞被動(dòng)形式。根據(jù)題干中出現(xiàn)的“prevent Chinese fishing boats from _”可知此處考查“prevent sb./sth.from doing sth.”結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)題意“中國(guó)最近加緊了對(duì)黃巖島附近水域的控制,為的是防止中國(guó)漁船在中國(guó)南海受到攻擊”可判斷漁船(fishing boats)應(yīng)該是“被攻擊”,故應(yīng)選擇動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式,從而排除表示主動(dòng)形式的A和B兩項(xiàng);D項(xiàng)having been attacked為動(dòng)名詞的完成被動(dòng)式,表示動(dòng)作已完成,而題干句意并未表明漁船已經(jīng)受到了攻擊,故排除D項(xiàng),正確答案為C。 知識(shí)點(diǎn)4

19、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)1. 分詞作賓補(bǔ) (1)過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的兩大特征:一是及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)與賓語(yǔ)有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系;二是不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)與賓語(yǔ)有主謂關(guān)系,多用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作已完成。可接過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:have,see,hear,find,leave,want,make等。I saw the horse tied to a tree.我看到這匹馬被拴在樹(shù)上。People found the thief escaped.人們發(fā)現(xiàn)那個(gè)小偷逃跑了。 (2)現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)的兩大特征:一是賓語(yǔ)與現(xiàn)在分詞有主謂關(guān)系;二是現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行??山蝇F(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:have,see,h

20、ear,find,get,leave,notice,watch,keep,start,set,catch,smell,feel,send,listen to,look at等。The old man heard the cock crowing.這位老人聽(tīng)到公雞在打鳴。Do you hear someone knocking at the door?你聽(tīng)到有人在敲門嗎?2. 不定式作賓補(bǔ) 動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)(主補(bǔ))時(shí),有兩種情形:(1)接帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ),此類動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)有:advise,allow,ask,cause,command,encourage, expect,forbid,forc

21、e,get,hate,invite,leave,like, mean,oblige,order,permit,persuade,prefer, request,tell,want,warn,wish,call on,depend upon,long for,wait for等。I didn't mean you to hear it.我沒(méi)打算讓你聽(tīng)到這事。We're all longing for the new term to begin.我們都盼望新學(xué)期開(kāi)始。 (2)接不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)有:make, have,let等使役動(dòng)詞以及see,watch,not

22、ice, observe,feel,hear等感官動(dòng)詞。如果此類動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),則to不可省略。動(dòng)詞help后的不定式符號(hào)to可以省略,也可以保留。I can let you have one ticket.我能讓你得到一張票。I won't have you say such things.我可不允許你說(shuō)這樣的話。She was seen to enter the manager's office ten minutes ago.十分鐘前有人看見(jiàn)她進(jìn)了經(jīng)理辦公室。【例5】(2013·高考新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)They might just have a place_

23、on the writing coursewhy dont you give it a try? Aleave Bleft Cleaving Dto leave 解析:考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)。句意:在寫(xiě)作課程上,他們可能還有一個(gè)名額你為什么不試試呢?賓語(yǔ)a place與leave(剩下)為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故答案為B項(xiàng)。 【例6】(2013·高考北京卷)When we saw the road_with snow,we decided to spend the holiday at home. Ablock Bto block Cblocking Dblocked 解析:句意:當(dāng)看到道

24、路被雪堵住的時(shí)候,我們決定在家里度假。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是“see賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu);賓補(bǔ)是do形式時(shí),表示“看見(jiàn)賓語(yǔ)做某事的整個(gè)過(guò)程”;賓語(yǔ)是doing形式時(shí),表示“看見(jiàn)賓語(yǔ)正在做某事”;若賓補(bǔ)與賓語(yǔ)之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,則要用過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處block與賓語(yǔ)the road之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用blocked作賓補(bǔ),故正確答案為D項(xiàng)。解此類試題,分析賓語(yǔ)與賓補(bǔ)的邏輯關(guān)系是解題關(guān)鍵。知識(shí)點(diǎn)5 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ) 【例7】(2013·高考福建卷)_ basic firstaid techniques will help you respond quickly to e

25、mergencies. AKnown BHaving known CKnowing DBeing known 解析:句意:懂得基本的急救技能將會(huì)幫助你對(duì)緊急情況快速做出反應(yīng)。從句子的主干來(lái)分析:will help是謂語(yǔ),空中所選詞在句中作主語(yǔ),根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可判斷須用動(dòng)名詞(doing)來(lái)作主語(yǔ),因此可排除A項(xiàng)過(guò)去分詞known;此處并沒(méi)有完成的意味,因此可以排除B項(xiàng)現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式having known;D項(xiàng)動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式being known可以作主語(yǔ),但是在本題中沒(méi)有被動(dòng)意義,因此不符合語(yǔ)境。所以動(dòng)名詞形式knowing為最佳選擇。 知識(shí)點(diǎn)6 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的用法1“名詞/代詞

26、不定式”構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 不定式構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)往往表示尚未發(fā)生的行為或狀態(tài),在句中常作原因狀語(yǔ),偶爾作條件狀語(yǔ)。 Lots of homework to do,I have to stay home all day.(As/Because I have lots of homework to do.)由于有很多的家庭作業(yè)需要做,我只好一整天待在家里。2“名詞/代詞現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 動(dòng)詞ing形式的邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí),就應(yīng)在動(dòng)詞的ing形式前加上邏輯主語(yǔ),構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞ing形式的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),邏輯主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞之間為主謂關(guān)系,是分詞的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者。 The guide le

27、ading the way,we had no trouble getting out of the forest.(As the guide led the way.)向?qū)ьI(lǐng)著路,我們毫不費(fèi)勁地走出了森林。3“名詞/代詞過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 邏輯主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,是分詞動(dòng)作的承受者。Rex was listening attentively to the lecture,all his attention fixed upon it.雷克斯專心致志地聽(tīng)著講座,所有注意力全用在上面了。“名詞/代詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞”構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),運(yùn)用不定式,動(dòng)詞ing形式和動(dòng)詞ed形式意義是不

28、同的:不定式往往表示沒(méi)有發(fā)生的或即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,動(dòng)詞ing形式表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),動(dòng)詞ed形式往往表示已經(jīng)完成的行為。Many things to settle, the manager looks worried.有這么多的事情要處理,經(jīng)理看上去很著急。(事情還沒(méi)有處理,而且是由經(jīng)理本人來(lái)處理,用不定式to settle,表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作)The question being discussed,a man came up with a practical solution.正討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題時(shí),有人提出了一個(gè)切實(shí)可行的計(jì)劃。(問(wèn)題正在被討論,用現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)形式being done表動(dòng)作正

29、在被進(jìn)行或狀態(tài))Many things settled,the manager looks relaxed.許多事情已經(jīng)處理好了,經(jīng)理看上去很輕松。(事情已經(jīng)處理好了,用過(guò)去分詞settled表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束)【例8】2007重慶The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _ for the day.A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished解析:有逗號(hào),而且前后沒(méi)有連詞,說(shuō)明既不是復(fù)合句,也不是并列句,而是一個(gè)含有獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的簡(jiǎn)單句?!纠?

30、】2005湖南I send you 100 dollars today, the rest_ in a year.A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed解析:有逗號(hào),而且前后沒(méi)有連詞,說(shuō)明既不是復(fù)合句,也不是并列句,而是一個(gè)含有獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的簡(jiǎn)單句。剩余的錢一年內(nèi)支付,不定式結(jié)構(gòu)to follow的時(shí)間發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞send之后,而且follow這一動(dòng)作和the rest是主謂關(guān)系。就是表示將來(lái),用to do。1(2014·河南豫北三校聯(lián)合考試)_ in the bank robbery,Tod was arre

31、sted by the local police early in the morning.AInvolvingBInvolvedCTo involve DTo be involved2(2014·陜西西安五校第一次模擬)If you are the last student _ the room,remember to turn off the lights.AleavingBto leaveCleftDleave3(2014·四川綿陽(yáng)高三模擬)It is no good _ here this morningaaae again on Monday.Await Bwai

32、tingChaving waited Dto be waiting4(2014·江西師大附中、鷹潭一中高三聯(lián)考)Why do you hang that photograph above the fireplace?_visitors of the memorial days of Long March,sir.AReminding BTo remindCReminded DReminds5(2014·南京五校聯(lián)考)_ with crisis,we should not shrink from the challenge,we should try our best to

33、overcome it.AFaced BTo faceCHaving faced DFacing6(2014·河南省普通高中適應(yīng)性檢測(cè)卷一)People spend many years learning about favorite sports and _ how to do them well.Apractice BpracticedCpracticing Dto practice7(2014·四川省攀枝花市高考模擬)Mr. Johnson,_ as a manager for many years,found it hard to be an ordinary cl

34、erk again.Ahaving worked BworkedCto have worked Dworking8(2014·四川省重點(diǎn)中學(xué)聯(lián)考)Some people try to knock me down,only _ me more determined to do things better.Ahaving made BmakeCto make Dmaking9(2014·四川省綿陽(yáng)市診斷)_ how to hold the party for several days,the children finally reached agreement.ADiscuss

35、ed BDiscussingCTo discuss DHaving discussed10(2014·濰坊五校聯(lián)考)Many trees,flowers and grass _,our newly built school will look even more beautiful.Ato be planted Bbeing plantedCplanting Dhaving planted11(2014·河南豫西五校高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))The text is too difficult.The explanation of our teacher will help make

36、 it easy _.Ato understand Bto be understoodCunderstood Dunderstanding12(2014·濟(jì)南鞏固性訓(xùn)練)In my opinion,keeping dogs well _ up is advisable for dog owners.Ato tie Bbeing tied Ctied Dto be tied13(2014·成都診斷)_all the homework assigned by the school,the students have to work at it till midnight.ACo

37、mpleting BTo completeCHaving completed DTo have completed14(2014·太原模擬)Many farmers in the countryside have gone to cities to look for work and left their children behind _ by their grandparents.Araised BraisingCbeing raised Dto be raised15(2014·陜西五校模擬)The new traffic rules have come into e

38、ffect since the New Years Day of 2013,_ a heated discussion among drivers as well as other residents.Ato bring about Bbringing aboutChaving brought about Dbrought about解析:1解析:選B??疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:因?yàn)閰⑴c了銀行搶劫案,托德一大早就被當(dāng)?shù)鼐酱读?。Involved in.Because Tod was involved in.,在句中作原因狀語(yǔ),involve與Tod之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用involve的過(guò)去分詞形式。2解析:選B。句意:如果你是最后一個(gè)離開(kāi)教室的學(xué)生,請(qǐng)記住關(guān)燈。student前有the last對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾,故此處用不定式短語(yǔ)to leave作后置定語(yǔ),且不

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