初中一般過去時(shí)--精講

1、一般一般過去過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)1.定義定義： 一般過去時(shí)態(tài)表示一般過去時(shí)態(tài)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用；也表示存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用；也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和表示頻度的時(shí)間狀的動(dòng)作，常和表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語連用。語連用。2.謂語動(dòng)詞變化：謂語動(dòng)詞變化：1.be 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 2. 行為動(dòng)詞（實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）行為動(dòng)詞（實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）3.時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語：yesterdaylast night in 1990 two days ago 等等返回首頁返回首頁巧記時(shí)態(tài)巧記時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)態(tài)表示動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)態(tài)表

2、示。也表示過去。也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。行為動(dòng)詞行為動(dòng)詞(即實(shí)義動(dòng)詞即實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)的的過去式?jīng)]有過去式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化人稱和數(shù)的變化。一般過去時(shí)以動(dòng)詞的過去式來表示，一般過去時(shí)以動(dòng)詞的過去式來表示，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化.(was,were除外除外)I went to school yesterday.They went to school yesterday.I _ 12 years old this year. 我去年我去年11歲歲.I _ 11 years old last year.He _ in Beijing now.他昨天在上海。他昨天

3、在上海。He _ in Shanghai yesterday.他現(xiàn)在在北京。他現(xiàn)在在北京。我今年我今年12歲歲.amwasiswasThey _ in China today.他們今天在中國。他們今天在中國。They _ in Japan yesterday.他們昨天在日本他們昨天在日本。areweream/ iswasarewere每天，早餐我吃雞蛋和牛奶。每天，早餐我吃雞蛋和牛奶。I _ eggs and milk for breakfast every morning.昨天，早餐我吃面條。昨天，早餐我吃面條。I _ noodles for breakfast yesterday morn

4、ing.他每天都吃水果。他每天都吃水果。He _ fruit every day.昨天他吃了昨天他吃了3個(gè)蘋果。個(gè)蘋果。He _ 3 apples yesterday.have/ hashadhavehashadhadI up at 6:30 every morning.I _ up at 9:00 last Sunday.He football every afternoon.He _ basketball yesterday afternoon.He his homework every evening.He _ some reading last night.gotplayeddidTh

5、ey TV in the evening.They _ TV last night.She basketball after school.She _ basketball after school yesterday. you to school on foot every day?_ you _ to school on foot yesterday. he to school by bus every day?_ he _to school by bus yesterday?didntdiddidnt watchdidnt playDidDidgogo一般過去時(shí)的謂語構(gòu)成：由動(dòng)詞一般過去

6、時(shí)的謂語構(gòu)成：由動(dòng)詞的過去式構(gòu)成的過去式構(gòu)成1.一般加一般加ed2.以以e結(jié)尾加結(jié)尾加d3.末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先音節(jié)詞，先雙寫雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再這個(gè)輔音字母，再加加ed . 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式的構(gòu)成1、一般詞尾加、一般詞尾加-ed。如：如： staystayed help - helped ask - asked looklooked watch - watched2、e結(jié)尾的只加結(jié)尾的只加-d。如：如：hopehoped love - loved dance - danced livelived live - lived 3、

7、末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個(gè)輔音末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加字母，再加ed . 如：如：stopstopped plan(計(jì)劃計(jì)劃) planned drop - dropped beg - begged4、以以“輔音字母輔音字母+y”結(jié)結(jié)尾，尾，y改為改為i, 再加再加 -ed。 carry - carried study - studied hurry - hurried 5.不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化.(見不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表見不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表P148) 過去式加 -ed 的讀音1、在清輔音后，讀清輔音、在清輔音后，讀清輔音 / t / 。 worked

8、/ kt / helped / pt / passed / st / washed / t / watched / t /2、在濁輔音和元音后，讀濁輔音、在濁輔音和元音后，讀濁輔音 / d / 。 played / d / carried / id / answered / d / lived / vd / used / zd / called / ld /3、在、在 / t, d / 音后面音后面, 讀讀 / id / 。 wanted / tid / needed / did / finished enjoyedshoutedmoved helped wantedcalled needed

9、 /t/d/Id/d/d/t/Id/Id/grow - grewknow - knewthrow - threwblow - blewwrite - wrotedrive - drove ride - rodeget - gotforget - forgotlend - lentsend - sentspend - spentsay - said */sed/pay - paidstand - stoodunderstand - understoodlet - let put - putcut - cut read - read*am, is - was are - were do - did

10、 go - went have - hadsee - sawcan - couldmay - mightdig - dugeat - atefind - foundmake - madehear - heardrun - rantake - tookhold - heldspeak - spokeleave - leftkeep - keptsleep - sleptsweep - swepttell - toldsell - soldbegin - begansing - sangsit - satswim - swamring - ranggive - gave bring - broug

11、htbuy - boughtthink - thoughtteach - taughtcatch - caughtcome - came become - became不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式 巧記不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式巧記不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式 1.1.中間去中間去e e，末尾加，末尾加t t 如：如： keepkeptkeepkept， feelfelt feelfelt， sleepslept sleepslept，sweepsweptsweepswept2.2.結(jié)尾結(jié)尾d d變變t t 如：如： buildbuiltbuildbuilt，lendlentlendlent， sendse

12、nt sendsent，spendspentspendspent3.3.遇見遇見i i改為改為a a 如：如：ringrangringrang，sitsatsitsat， drinkdrank drinkdrank， singsang singsang，swimswamswimswam，beginbeganbeginbegan， givegave givegave4 4.“.“騎騎( (馬馬)”“)”“開開( (車車)”“)”“寫寫( (字字)”)”把把i i變變o o 如：如：rideroderiderode，drivedrovedrivedrove，writewrotewritewrote

13、5 5.“.“想想”“”“買買”“”“帶來帶來”“”“打仗打仗”oughtought換上換上 如：如： thinkthoughtthinkthought，buyboughtbuybought， bringbrought bringbrought，fightfoughtfightfought6 6.“.“教書教書”“”“抓住抓住”aughtaught切莫忘切莫忘 如：如： teachtaughtteachtaught，cacatchtchcaughtcaught7.ow/aw7.ow/aw改為改為ewew是新時(shí)尚是新時(shí)尚 如：如： knowknewknowknew，growgrewgrowgre

14、w， throwthrew throwthrew，drawdrewdrawdrew8 8.“.“放放”“”“讓讓”“”“讀讀”過去式與原形一樣過去式與原形一樣 如：如： putputputput，letletletlet，readread/redreadread/red 寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式：寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式：runborrowgrowwatchwritesmileopenbeginswimcarrystudyfinishuselivewakekeepsaycleanbuyplaylearnseereadstopgothinkbehappengivebecomegetrainstaypas

15、sanswerwentthoughtwas/ werehappenedgavebecamegotrainedstayedpassedansweredusedlivedwokekeptsaidcleanedboughtplayedlearnt/edsawreadstoppedranborrowedgrewwatchedwrotesmiledopenedbeganswamcarriedstudiedfinished三、一般過去時(shí)基本用法三、一般過去時(shí)基本用法 1.1.表示在過去時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)表示在過去時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)Liu Jie got up at 7: 10 this

16、 morning. He was a student three years ago. 2表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Zhang Yuan always went to school by bike last year.3表示已故人所做的事情表示已故人所做的事情。 Lei Feng helped lots of people in his life. (雷鋒一生幫助了許多人。)4.表示過去所發(fā)生的一系列動(dòng)作，用一般過去時(shí)。表示過去所發(fā)生的一系列動(dòng)作，用一般過去時(shí)。 Miss Liu got up at seven oclock this morning, dres

17、sed, had breakfast, and went to work. 四、一般過去常用時(shí)間狀語四、一般過去常用時(shí)間狀語一般過去時(shí)一般都有明顯的時(shí)間狀語，它們可以是單詞/短語或從句。1.yesterday, yesterday /morning/afternoon /evening，the day before yesterday等；2. last night (week，month，winter,year,Monday,Tuesday)等；3. “時(shí)間段+ago”：a moment / two days/a short time ago, an hour ago等；4. 由“介詞+一時(shí)間

18、名詞”短語：on Friday, on Monday morning, on April 15, on the night of Oct. 1, in 1998，5.頻度副詞：often, always ,但是句中必須有l(wèi)ast year等修飾；6. 其它：then, just now, once,以及由after或before構(gòu)成的介詞短語等7. 由某些表示過去時(shí)態(tài)的從句等。 e.g. I got up at five yesterday, but I didnt get up so early this morning. Did he watch TV last night? I was

19、in Grade One last year.1.與與 連用：連用：lasttimenightweekmonthtermMondaymorningafternooneveningthe day before yesterday 2.與與 連用連用3.與與 連用：連用：4.與與 連用：連用：morningevening dayMonday afternoon5.與與 連用：連用：1?？隙ň洌??？隙ň洌?主語主語 + 行為動(dòng)詞過去式行為動(dòng)詞過去式 主語主語 + be動(dòng)詞過去式動(dòng)詞過去式(was / were)e.g. We played football yesterday. I was in t

20、he office last night.一般過去時(shí)的否定式是在動(dòng)詞原形一般過去時(shí)的否定式是在動(dòng)詞原形前加助動(dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞主語主語+didnt+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形I _ them the news.I _ (tell) them the news yesterday.didnt telltold一般過去時(shí)的一般疑問式在句一般過去時(shí)的一般疑問式在句首加助動(dòng)詞首加助動(dòng)詞didThey _(finish) their work at four.一般疑問句一般疑問句:Yes, they _. No, they _.一般過去時(shí)的特殊疑問式一般過去時(shí)的特殊疑問式They finished their wor

21、k at four.ABWhat did they do at four?When did they finish their work?1.外加助動(dòng)詞外加助動(dòng)詞后后,動(dòng)詞須返回原形。動(dòng)詞須返回原形。 he to school yesterday? he to school yesterday?2.簡略回答用助動(dòng)詞簡略回答用助動(dòng)詞代替代替行為動(dòng)詞。行為動(dòng)詞。he the boy yesterday?Yes, he .No, he 1. look2. live3. stop 4. go5. hope6. trip 7. call 8. eat 9. want 10. are 11. go 12.

22、 have13. do 14.get 15. come16. say 17.see 18. put19. read20.take lookedlivedstoppedwenthopedtrippedcalledatewantedwerewenthasdidgotcamesaidsawputreadtook21.buy 22.sing 23.hear24.make25. find 26.break 27.think 28.fall 29.write30.beboughtmadefoundbrokethoughtfellwrotewas/weresangheardlI.改錯(cuò)題改錯(cuò)題lHow is Jane yesterday? _lHe gets to school at six yesterday. _lHe often goes home at 6:00 last month. _lI can fly kites seven years ago. _lDid you saw him just now. _lTom wasnt watch TV last night. _lI did my homework later . _lHe wait for you three hours ago. _l Who find