定語從句常見考點空中課堂.

1、(定語從句常見考點分析定語從句常見考點分析)從句的特點從句的特點1. 從句也要符合句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)3. 從句只是做為句子某一成分出現(xiàn)的2. 從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞是從句開始的標(biāo)志The girl who is standing there is Mary.先行詞先行詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞（充當(dāng)主語，賓語或定語）：關(guān)系代詞（充當(dāng)主語，賓語或定語）：that , which, who, whom, as，whose關(guān)系副詞（充當(dāng)狀語）：關(guān)系副詞（充當(dāng)狀語）：where, when, why These are the trees _ were planted last year. This cell phon

2、e _he is using is made in China. 考點一：關(guān)系代詞考點一：關(guān)系代詞thatthat和和whichwhichwhich/that(which/that)考點一：關(guān)系代詞考點一：關(guān)系代詞thatthat和和whichwhich1. Finally, the thief handed everything he had stolen.2. This is the best book Ive ever read.3. The only thing matters is to find our way home.4. We talked about the things

3、and persons _ we saw then.5. She heard a terrible noise, brought her heart into her mouth6. He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most of hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.(that)(that)that(that)whichwhich 先行詞為先行詞為all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代等不定代詞時。詞時。

4、2. 先行詞被先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修飾時。等修飾時。 3. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。 先行詞被先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時。修飾時。只能用只能用that的情況：的情況： 1. 關(guān)系代詞前有介詞關(guān)系代詞前有介詞 This is the house in which he was born.2. 在非限制性定語從句中在非限制性定語從句中 Alice received an invitation from her boss, which

5、 came as a surprise.只能用只能用which的情況：的情況： “介詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句中介詞的選擇是一個?？键c，也是一個難點。請看下面三個句子，填上合適的介詞，并從中發(fā)現(xiàn)一些規(guī)律?？键c二考點二: :介詞介詞+ +關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語引導(dǎo)的定語從句中介詞的選擇從句中介詞的選擇 1He was educated at a local grammar school, _ which he went on to Cambridge. 2This is the farm _ which he worked two years ago. 3In the dark street

6、 there was not a single person _ whom she could turn for help.afteronto 技巧技巧 1句子的意思；句子的意思；2.先行詞的意義；先行詞的意義；3.從句中的動詞固定搭配。從句中的動詞固定搭配。 4. 采用還原法，把從句補(bǔ)充完整，采用還原法，把從句補(bǔ)充完整，建立與主句的聯(lián)系，以便判斷這個建立與主句的聯(lián)系，以便判斷這個介詞與句中其他部分的關(guān)系。介詞與句中其他部分的關(guān)系。Luckily, wed brought a road map _ which we would have lost our way. without 當(dāng)先行詞為表

7、示時間、地點的詞時，引當(dāng)先行詞為表示時間、地點的詞時，引導(dǎo)詞用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞是定語從導(dǎo)詞用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞是定語從句學(xué)習(xí)中的一個難點。句學(xué)習(xí)中的一個難點?？键c三：考點三：關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別 1Do you still remember the chicken farm _ we visited three months ago? 2. Do you still remember the chicken farm _ your mother used to work?分析：把兩個從句補(bǔ)充完整為分析：把兩個從句補(bǔ)充完整為 we visited the chicken farm th

8、ree months ago1.your mother used to work on the farmthat/whichwhere/on which 1.I shall never forget those years _ we lived together in the countryside. 2. I shall never forget those years _ we spent together in the countryside. 分析：還原法分析：還原法 1.we lived together in those years in the countryside 2.we

9、spent those years together in in the countrysidewhen/in whichthat/ which There are many reasons _ people like traveling. We dont believe the reason _ he gave us yesterday.分析：還原法分析：還原法 people like traveling for that reason.2. he gave us the reason yesterday.why/for whichwhich/that 技巧技巧 遇到時間和地點，遇到時間和地

10、點，判斷成分判斷成分是關(guān)鍵是關(guān)鍵；主語、賓語用關(guān)代，狀語才能用；主語、賓語用關(guān)代，狀語才能用關(guān)副。關(guān)副。(關(guān)代：關(guān)系代詞；關(guān)副：關(guān)關(guān)代：關(guān)系代詞；關(guān)副：關(guān)系副詞系副詞) 精析精析 在考查定語從句時，有時命題人故意在考查定語從句時，有時命題人故意在空格處設(shè)置一些插入語等干擾信息在空格處設(shè)置一些插入語等干擾信息迷惑我們。解題時，我們可以將其忽迷惑我們。解題時，我們可以將其忽略，從而排除干擾。略，從而排除干擾。 Is that the small town you often refer to? Right, just the one _ you know I used to work for ye

11、ars. 分析：分析：you know是插入語，解題時可以是插入語，解題時可以將其忽略，簡化句子結(jié)構(gòu)：將其忽略，簡化句子結(jié)構(gòu)：just the one _ I used to work for years，這樣，這樣就很容易判斷出引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作地點狀就很容易判斷出引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作地點狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞語，故用關(guān)系副詞where。 探究探究: 表示時間、地點的先行詞的模表示時間、地點的先行詞的模糊化。糊化。 研究高考試題后，考生會發(fā)現(xiàn)近幾年高考研究高考試題后，考生會發(fā)現(xiàn)近幾年高考試題中表示時間、地點的先行詞有些已經(jīng)試題中表示時間、地點的先行詞有些已經(jīng)不是一個明顯的表示時間、地點的詞語，不是一個

12、明顯的表示時間、地點的詞語，如：如：period, ten years ago, the street, the museum，而是已經(jīng)模糊化的詞語，而是已經(jīng)模糊化的詞語，如：如：activity, business, occasion, point, case等。解題時我們要弄清這些詞等。解題時我們要弄清這些詞匯在句中的意義，并結(jié)合其在從句中所作匯在句中的意義，并結(jié)合其在從句中所作的成分選用恰當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞。的成分選用恰當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞。 Do you have anything to say for yourselves? Yes，there s one point _ we must insist

13、 on I think you have got to the point _ a change is needed, or you would fail. which/thatwhere考點四：考點四：引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞as, which的區(qū)別的區(qū)別 1引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代整個引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代整個主句內(nèi)容時的區(qū)別：主句內(nèi)容時的區(qū)別： (1)表達(dá)表達(dá)“正如正如”之意時，用之意時，用as，如果，如果僅指代整個主句內(nèi)容而沒有僅指代整個主句內(nèi)容而沒有“正如正如”之意，則用之意，則用which。 He went abroad, which was unexpected. 他出國了，這讓大家感

14、到很意外。他出國了，這讓大家感到很意外。 She is a good doctor, as her mother used to be. 她是一個很出色的醫(yī)生，和她母親當(dāng)年一她是一個很出色的醫(yī)生，和她母親當(dāng)年一樣。樣。 2as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，只能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，只能指代整個主句內(nèi)容，而指代整個主句內(nèi)容，而which既可以指既可以指代整個主句內(nèi)容，又可以指代先行詞。代整個主句內(nèi)容，又可以指代先行詞。 The river, which flows through London, is called the Thames. 這條流經(jīng)倫敦的河叫泰晤士河。這條流經(jīng)倫敦的河叫泰晤士河。(不

15、用不用as) 3 3限制性定語從句中有限制性定語從句中有such, the samesuch, the same時，其后常用時，其后常用asas引導(dǎo)定語從句。引導(dǎo)定語從句。 He is such a good teacher as we all love and respect. This is the same pen as I lost. 4as常與從句中的常與從句中的know, see, hear, expect等動詞連用，也常用于等動詞連用，也常用于as often happens, as is often the case(常有的事常有的事)等句子中。等句子中。 He was abs

16、ent from school, as is often the case. 他缺課了，這是常事。他缺課了，這是常事。1.Mr Li has three daughters, none of _ is an engineer.2.Mr Li has three daughters, but none of _ is a dancer.3.Mr Li has three daughters; _are doctors.考點五：考點五：定語從句與并列句定語從句與并列句用一個恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成下列句子，使之完整與正確。用一個恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成下列句子，使之完整與正確。 whomthemnone/they技巧技巧

17、判斷是定語從句還是并列句，要注意句判斷是定語從句還是并列句，要注意句中的標(biāo)點符號和句中的連接詞。如果句中的標(biāo)點符號和句中的連接詞。如果句與句之間有連詞或者分號，則是并列句；與句之間有連詞或者分號，則是并列句；如果是逗號，且逗號后的內(nèi)容是對前面如果是逗號，且逗號后的內(nèi)容是對前面某一名詞的補(bǔ)充說明，則是非限制性定某一名詞的補(bǔ)充說明，則是非限制性定語從句，應(yīng)該使用關(guān)系詞。語從句，應(yīng)該使用關(guān)系詞。語篇練習(xí) _1_ is known to all, China covers more than 9.6 million square kilometers, _2_ is the third largest

18、 country in the world. The Chinese nation consists of 56 nationalities, among _3_the Han Ethnic Group is the largest, making up 94% of the people. Besides, there are many big rivers in China, the most important _4_ _5_ are the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. There was time _6_ Chinese economy was far behind many other countries in the world. However, with the development of economy, the days are gone forever _7_ the Chinese were looked down upon, _8_ _9_all t