必修二unit2語法講述

1、Welcome大師兄！二師兄被妖怪大師兄！二師兄被妖怪抓走了！抓走了！師傅師傅被被妖怪抓走妖怪抓走了了 He was caught by a monster.Passive Voice被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài) How to describe the picturesThe river was seriously polluted. Some trees have been cut down. What is the Passive Voice? 被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一、什么是語態(tài)？一、什么是語態(tài)？ 語態(tài)是英語動(dòng)詞的一種表現(xiàn)形式，用來說明主語和語態(tài)是英語動(dòng)詞的一種表現(xiàn)形式，用來說明主語和謂語動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。

2、謂語動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。二、語態(tài)的種類：二、語態(tài)的種類：（1）主動(dòng)語態(tài)）主動(dòng)語態(tài) （2）被動(dòng)語態(tài)）被動(dòng)語態(tài)三、什么是主動(dòng)語態(tài)？什么是被動(dòng)語態(tài)？三、什么是主動(dòng)語態(tài)？什么是被動(dòng)語態(tài)？四、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：四、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：(八種時(shí)態(tài)和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被八種時(shí)態(tài)和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)）動(dòng)語態(tài)） 英語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)： 主動(dòng)語態(tài) (the Active Voice) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)(the Passive Voice)A. 主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者。B. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者承受者。We planted the tree.The tree was pl

3、anted by us.1.He took good care of his little brother yesterday.2.We cleaned our classroom just now.3.They used this room for resting.4.We were asked to help them .5.He was given some books.6.The door was locked by monitor.Lead inRockets _ (use) to send up satellitesare usedThe man _(call) “ Good hu

4、sband”.is called火箭發(fā)射圖The rocket _ (send up) into spaceis being sent up砍伐圖Trees _ (cut) down. Few places _ (leave) for the tigers to live.are being cut will be left拳擊圖A boxer _(beat) downhas been beatenRockets are used to send up satellitesThe man is called “ Good husband”.The rocket is being sent up

5、 into spaceA boxer has been beaten downFew places will be left for the tigers to live. the Structure isbe+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞 (be+V.P.P) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)：被動(dòng)語態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成，助動(dòng)詞be有人稱、數(shù)的變有人稱、數(shù)的變化化,其變化規(guī)則與be作為連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)一樣。如：The desk is made of wood. The desks are made of wood.He is asked a question by the teache

6、r.I was given a nice present by my friend yesterday.1.1.規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞：1)1)一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后加加-ed-edwatch-watched2)2)以不發(fā)音以不發(fā)音e e結(jié)尾的加結(jié)尾的加-d-dpractice-practiced3)3)以輔音加以輔音加y y結(jié)尾的，去結(jié)尾的，去y y變變i i加加-ed-edstudy-studied4)4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母， 先雙寫該輔音字母，再加先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-ed-edstop-st

7、opped2.2.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone一一. 何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語態(tài) 1. 不知道誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或沒有必要不知道誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或沒有必要 Paper is made from wood. He was wounded in the fight. 2. 2. 需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí) Books and newspapers in the reading room mustnt be taken away. He was awarded first p

8、rize in that contest. 3 3為了使語氣婉轉(zhuǎn)，避免提及自己或?qū)Ψ蕉篂榱耸拐Z氣婉轉(zhuǎn)，避免提及自己或?qū)Ψ蕉褂帽粍?dòng)語用被動(dòng)語 態(tài)，或由于修飾的需要，使用被動(dòng)態(tài)，或由于修飾的需要，使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，使句子得以更好的安排。語態(tài)，使句子得以更好的安排。 The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. Electricity is used to run machines. . Present A computer is used in our class every day. com

9、puter, use, classA frog _ ( catch) by a big bird just now.was caughtPast bank, rob yesterdayman-made satellite, send up, space, last yearA man-made satellite was sent up into space last year.The bank was robbed yesterday.Future send to, hospital, right now a talk, give , soonThey will be sent to the

10、 hospital right now.A talk will be given soon.The streets_(light) by electricity. I _(not invite)to tomorrows wedding. will not be done 否定結(jié)構(gòu)否定結(jié)構(gòu)Dogs will not be allowed to enter your classroom. allowsmokingstadiumallowSmoking will not be allowed in the stadium.The pet dog _(treat) by veterinary. is

11、being treatedvetrinri n. a.獸醫(yī)(的)Summary: 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)e.g.1. A new library is being built now.2. Some animals are not being protected well enough.3. Is the bridge being repaired now?1. 1. 構(gòu)成構(gòu)成： ： am/is/aream/is/are (not)(not) + + beingbeing + + V-V-過過去分去分詞詞2. 2. 意義意義： ： 正在被做正在被做. .一座新圖書館正在被修建

12、。一座新圖書館正在被修建。有些動(dòng)物沒有受到很好的保護(hù)。有些動(dòng)物沒有受到很好的保護(hù)?，F(xiàn)在那座橋在修嗎？現(xiàn)在那座橋在修嗎？is being builtare not beingIsbeing repairedprotectedAn argument _ already _ (put forward) has been put forwardThe houses have been destroyed by the storm.How many Harry Porter books has J.K.Rowling written?She has written seven Harry Porter

13、books .Seven Harry Porter books have been written by J.K.Rowling.電影電影畫皮畫皮是由陳是由陳嘉上最近導(dǎo)演的。嘉上最近導(dǎo)演的。Painted Skin has recently been directed by Chen Jiashang。Shenzhou _ (send up) on 25, September. And six Chinese astronauts _(send) into space so far.was sent uphave been sentMany old buildings _ (pull down

14、) and new fences_ (build) in Shijiazhuang.have been pulled downhave been builtFill in the blanks1. We have been taught never to abandon or give up anything by Xu Sanduo.Xu Sanduo has taught us never to abandon or give up anything.2.Wang Baoqiang has been achieved a great success. (true or false)be+

15、done am/is/are 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) am/is/are+being現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)shall/will+be一般將來時(shí)have/has+been現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)be+ done was/were 一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí) was/were+being過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)would+be過去將來時(shí)had+been過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)be表格：被動(dòng)態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)am/is/are +donew

16、as/were+ doneam/is/are being +donewas/were being +doneshall/will be +donewould be+ donehave/has been +donehad been +done“We must put them in the fridge.”The dogs thought .practice Fill in the blanks with the right form of the words given: I _(give) a new book by my father on my birthday. English _(f

17、ind) very useful.3.The work _(finish) tomorrow.4. The flowers _(water) by them now.was given is foundwill be finished are being watered5.The railway _ (build) this time last year.6. The new way _ already _ (build).7. The new railway _ (build) by the end of last year.8. He told me the sports meeting

18、_(hold) the next month.9. Rice _(grow) in the south of the States.was being builthas been builthad been builtwould be held is grownPractice:Practice:10. The viewer can touch the objects in the film.11. The viewer may feel a real sense of achievement and happiness.12. RealCine might not impress some

19、viewers.The objects in the film can be touched.A real sense of achievement and happiness may be felt.Some viewers might not be impressed by RealCine.Feedback:Choose the best answers: Is Bob still performing ? Im afraid not. He is said _ the stage already as he has became an official. to have left B.

20、 to leaveC. to have been left D. to be left 2. Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York ? I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to. will not be sent; that not be sent; thatC.should not be sent; what D.should not send; what3. Millions of pounds worth of damage _ by a stor

21、m which swept across the north of England last night.A. has been caused B. had been causedC. will be caused D. will have been caused4. Much attention should _ the rapid increase in the number of cars on the roads, which may_ traffic jams and more accidents.A. pay to;result in B. be paid;result fromC

22、.be paid to;result in D. be paid;result from5. She is very shy and she is not used to _ in front of others.A. praise B. praisingC. being praised D. be praised6. What did the students think of the speech made by the lecturer yesterday ? To tell you the truth, the students were all _ with the _speech.

23、A. boring; boring B. boring; boredC. bored; bored D. bored; boring7. My sister _ a good chance to go abroad for further education.A. offered B. was offeringC. has offered D. was offered8. Today many young people enjoy chatting on the net, but their sentences _. never read B. are never readC. werent

24、read D. didnt read9. Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear.A.is used B. are usedC. Have used D. has been used10. George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding ?No. I _ . Did they have a big wedding ? Was not invited B. have not been invi

25、tedC. hadnt been invited D. didnt invitePractice:1. All the employees except the manager _to work online at home. （04廣東）廣東） A. encourages B. encourage C. is encouraged D. are encouraged2. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _to eat more fruit and vegetables. （20

26、04上海）上海） A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded3. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _by 2008. （2004 北京北京) A. has been completed B. has complete C. will have been completed D. will have completed4. More patients _in hospital this year

27、 than last year. （2004江蘇）江蘇） A. treated B. have treatedC. had been treated D. have been treated5. I dont know the restaurant, but its _to be quite a good one . (1995NMET) A. said B. told C. spoken D. talked.6. _the sports meet might be put off. Yes, it all depends on the weather. (1995NMET) A. Ive b

28、een told B. Ive told C. Im told D. I told7. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hour. (1998NMET)A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay8. The heros story _ differently in the newspaper. (2005全國全國II)A. was reported B. was reporting C. reports D. reported9. Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you cant

29、have time to _ before the party.（2004全國全國II） A. get changedB. get change C. get changing D. get to change10. The policemans attention was suddenly caught by a small box which _ placed under the Ministers car. (2005廣東廣東) A. has been B. was being C. had been D. would beThe Olympic Game will be held in London.Many things _(do) for the Game. 30 billion yuan _on the projects. An Olympic Village_for the athletes and some ho