英語賓語從句專項(共30張)(好)

1、Object Clauses賓語從句一教學(xué)任務(wù)一教學(xué)任務(wù) 學(xué)習(xí)賓語從句學(xué)習(xí)賓語從句 二教學(xué)重點二教學(xué)重點 1.1.賓語從句的概念賓語從句的概念 2.2.賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞 3.3.賓語從句中的語序賓語從句中的語序 4.4.賓語從句的時態(tài)變化賓語從句的時態(tài)變化 5.5.直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系教學(xué)難點教學(xué)難點 1. if與與whether的區(qū)別的區(qū)別 2. when與與if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句和狀語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句和狀語從句 3.賓語從句與簡單句的互換賓語從句與簡單句的互換 We know him We know he likes Engl

2、ish.主主s s主主s s謂謂v v謂謂v v賓賓o o賓賓o o賓語從句就是由一個句子來構(gòu)成主句的賓語賓語從句就是由一個句子來構(gòu)成主句的賓語 主主s s謂謂v v賓賓o o簡單句簡單句復(fù)合句復(fù)合句 一 什么 是賓語從句？試比較Do you know who is the first Chinese astronaut(宇航員宇航員)?Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. Please tell me where she has gone.I dont know if he will come tonight.Lets

3、 find out whats on tonight .Find out the Object Clauses We are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world .2.由連接代詞由連接代詞 Who,whom,whose,which,what和連接副詞和連接副詞 where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。這些連詞既有詞義又引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。這些連詞既有詞義又充當(dāng)句子成份。充當(dāng)句子成份。e.g.1)Do you know whose book it is ?（誰的，作定語）（誰的，作定語） 2)Co

4、uld you tell me why the train is late? （為（為什么，作狀語）什么，作狀語） 3)He asked who could answer the question.（誰，（誰，作主語）作主語） 注：注：that 在句中無詞義，在從句中不能充在句中無詞義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)句子成分，在口語中往往被省略。當(dāng)句子成分，在口語中往往被省略。e.g. I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.1.由從屬連詞由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句二二 .賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞3.由從屬連詞由從屬連詞 whether,

5、 if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句e.g. I want to know if/whether she is right . They didnt know whether Tom could come back or not . if/whether 引導(dǎo)賓語從句引導(dǎo)賓語從句 表示表示“是否是否”之義，在句中之義，在句中不充當(dāng)句子成份。不充當(dāng)句子成份。 if/whether可互換可互換,但但whetheror not為固定搭配為固定搭配.看一看：看一看：I dont know if it will rain tomorrow.If it rains ,Ill stay at home. I

6、 want to know when he will come back.When he comes back, please tell me.想一想：想一想：when和和if 可以引導(dǎo)什么從句？它們的時態(tài)有什么特可以引導(dǎo)什么從句？它們的時態(tài)有什么特點？點？whenwhen和和if if 既可以引導(dǎo)既可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句賓語從句，也可以引導(dǎo)，也可以引導(dǎo)狀語從句狀語從句。在賓語。在賓語從句中，時態(tài)根據(jù)需要確定；在狀語從句中，遵循從句中，時態(tài)根據(jù)需要確定；在狀語從句中，遵循主將從現(xiàn)主將從現(xiàn)的的原則原則。I dont know _ he will come or not.I dont care of _

7、 he is handsome.He wondered _ to stay here the next week._ he will come is not decided. 與與or not 連用只能用連用只能用whether介詞后只能用介詞后只能用whether與與to do 不定式連用只能用不定式連用只能用whether作主語只能用作主語只能用whetherHelen says that she will learn French next year. Do you know where he comes from? He asked me if I could get to the b

8、us station on time.三三. . 賓語從句的語序賓語從句的語序無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句都是運用陳述句的語序，即是都是運用陳述句的語序，即是“主語在前，主語在前，謂語在后謂語在后”的順序。的順序。 . . . He canHe hashe went toWhat happened to youWhats wrong with you 說一說說一說將上面的句子置于一個主句后，變成一個賓語從句。將上面的句子置于一個主句后，變成一個賓語從句。 Which is the way to the station Can you tell me/

9、I want to know/I wonder/Please tell me?e.g. Can you tell me if/whether he can swim?四四.賓語從句中時態(tài)的變化賓語從句中時態(tài)的變化I hear (that)Jim ( be ) a worker two years ago.Jim ( be ) an English teacher now . Jim ( cook ) dinner tomorrow .Jim ( sing )a popular song now.Jim ( be ) to the Great Wall twice . Jim ( play )

10、basketball when his father came back. Jim ( learn )1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester. 填一填填一填wasiswill cookis singinghas beenwas playinghad learned1.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)不作限制，當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的需要使用任何一種時態(tài)。我們可以根據(jù)句子的需要使用任何一種時態(tài)。（需要性原則）（需要性原則）2.2.當(dāng)主句是一般過去時的時候，賓語從句必須運用相當(dāng)主句是一般過去時的時候，賓語

11、從句必須運用相應(yīng)的過去的某一種時態(tài)，應(yīng)的過去的某一種時態(tài)，從而達到主句和從句的相互從而達到主句和從句的相互一致。（呼應(yīng)性原則）一致。（呼應(yīng)性原則）1) He will go to Hong Kong .2) He is sick.3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.1) He to Hong Kong .2) He sick.3) He a book . 4) HeHe said辨一辨辨一辨would go waswas reading his work.had finished 主句時態(tài)主句時態(tài)從從 句句 時時 態(tài)態(tài)連連

12、 接接 前前連連 接接 后后一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時時態(tài)保持不變時態(tài)保持不變一般過去時一般過去時一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般過去時一般過去時一般過去時過去完成時過去完成時一般將來時一般將來時過去將來時過去將來時現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時過去進行時現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時過去完成時 3. 3.當(dāng)賓語從句說明的是客觀存在的事實或者是客觀存當(dāng)賓語從句說明的是客觀存在的事實或者是客觀存在的真理時，就不用受到主句時態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般在的真理時，就不用受到主句時態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。（特殊性原則）現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。（特殊性原則）He told me (that) Summer is afte

13、r Spring .I was told (that)the sun is much bigger than the moon. My parents told me (that) no news is good news.比一比比一比比一比 I dont know where I should go. Tell me how I can do it. I dont know where to go. Tell me how to do it. 你有什么發(fā)現(xiàn)？ 結(jié)論：由連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 疑問詞 + to do 的簡單句。 條件：(1). 主主從主 (2). 主(間間)賓從主練一

14、練1.I dont know what I shall do next .(變?yōu)楹唵尉洌?I dont know next .2.John didnt decide which book he would buy .(變?yōu)楹唵尉洌?John didnt decide .3.Can you tell me how to get to the bus stop ?(變?yōu)閺?fù)合句） Can you tell me the bus stop ?4.Please tell Lucy how to use the MP5 .(變?yōu)閺?fù)合句） Can you tell Lucy the MP5. 五.賓語從句與

15、簡單句的轉(zhuǎn)換What to dowhich book to buyhow I can get to how she can use.Find out the mistakes and correct them.1 Could you tell me where do they live? 2 She knew that Danny is a student.3 He told me that winter was colder than autumn. 4 Do you know who car it is? wasiswhose六六. .課堂檢測課堂檢測 . Choose the right

16、 answers.BDBBDB賓語從句三要素賓語從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞thatthat（陳述句（陳述句 ）ififwhetherwhether（一般疑問句（一般疑問句 ） 特殊疑問詞特殊疑問詞（特殊疑問句（特殊疑問句) )時態(tài)時態(tài)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時主句為一般現(xiàn)在時從句可為任何時態(tài)從句可為任何時態(tài)主句為一般過去時主句為一般過去時從句從句一般過去時一般過去時過去將來時過去將來時過去進行時過去進行時過去完成時過去完成時語序語序賓語從句的語序都為陳述句語序賓語從句的語序都為陳述句語序客觀真理客觀真理 自然現(xiàn)象自然現(xiàn)象公式定理公式定理 名言警句名言警句 時態(tài)不變時態(tài)不變七七.本課小結(jié)本課小結(jié)由從屬連詞由從

17、屬連詞thatthat引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 由連接代詞 Who,whom,whose,which， what 和連接副詞 where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由從屬連詞由從屬連詞 whether, if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句注注：that 在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語當(dāng)中往往省略e.g. I hear (that) _. （一小時后他會回來）He said (that) _. （他非常想念我們）The teacher told us (that) _. （地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)） he will be back in an hour he missed

18、us very much the earth moves around the sun由連接代詞what, whom, whose, which, what及連接副詞 when, where, how, why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句1. He asked _. (誰能回答這個問題）2. Do you know_. （他們在等誰）3. He asked _. （誰的書法是班上最好的）5. Do you know _.（地球和月亮，哪一個比較?。?. Please tell me _. （我們什么時候開會）7. Can you tell me _. （他在哪兒）8. Could you tell me _

19、. （我該怎么去車站）9. Would you tell me _（為什么火車遲到了） who could answer the question whom they are waiting for whose handwriting was the best in the class when well have a meeting where he is how I can get to the station why the train is late由從屬連詞由從屬連詞whether, if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句e.g. 1. I want to know _. （他是否跟我們

20、一起去公園）2. Ask him _. （他是否能來）3. I dont know _.（是否要下雨） if (whether) he will go to the park with us whether (if) he can come whether it is going to rain or not當(dāng)句末為當(dāng)句末為or not時，引導(dǎo)詞只能用時，引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether而不能用而不能用if.直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系陳述句變?yōu)橐龑?dǎo)的賓語從句e.g. 1. He said, “You are younger than I ”. 2. He s

21、ays, “Tom is a good student ”. He said that I was younger than him. He says that Tom is a good student. 直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系一般疑問句變?yōu)閕f (whether)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句e.g. She said, “ Do you often come here to read newspaper? ” “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?” he asked. She asked if (whether) I

22、often came here to read newspaper. He asked if (whether) they would go visit the Great Wall. 直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系特殊疑問句變?yōu)樘厥庖蓡柧渥優(yōu)閣ho, what, when等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句e.g. 1. He asked, “Where do you live?” 2. “How can we get to the post-office?” he asked. He asked where I lived. He asked how th

23、ey could get to the post-office. 直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系 1、當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時，賓語 從句的謂語動詞可以用所需要的任何一種時態(tài)。 2、當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時，賓語從句的謂語 動詞要用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)，但當(dāng)賓語從句敘述的內(nèi)容 為客觀真理時，仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時。e.g. The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun. 注注 意：意： will be goes were playing has returned had been trave

24、ls are talking were were doingThe radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. I hear they _ (return) it already. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)He asked what they _

25、at eight last night. (do)The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel)I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk)I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be)10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write)11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move) round the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take)13. Ling Feng told me he _ to several times. (be)14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise)15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do) wrote moves has taken has been risesdid將下列句子合