新人教版選修八 Unit 1 A land of diversity-Language Points[課件]

1、Unit 1 A Land of DiversityLanguage points1. diversity = variety 多樣性、變化多樣性、變化a diversity of vegetablesdiversify vt. 使使多樣性，使多樣性，使不同不同diversify ones skills / interestsWe should diversify the syllabus (教學大綱）教學大綱）to attract more students.A company should diversify.2. illustrate vt. 說明、闡明（用圖示、實例等）說明、闡明（用圖

2、示、實例等）The lecturer illustrated the theory with examples.Please illustrate how to use the machine.illustration n. 實例實例 by way of illustration 以實例說明以實例說明3.California is the third largest state in the 序數(shù)詞可以修飾形容詞的最高級序數(shù)詞可以修飾形容詞的最高級 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 可以修飾形容詞最高級的詞：可以修飾形

3、容詞最高級的詞：far / by far /much可以修飾比較級的詞：可以修飾比較級的詞：no / a little / a bit / any / slightly/by far Youre standing too near the camera . Can you move _?A a bit far B a little farther C a bit of farther D a little far 4. population un / cn. 人口人口 The population of China_ large. And 70% of the population of Ch

4、ina_ peasants. 表示整體人口時謂語動詞用單數(shù)，表示部表示整體人口時謂語動詞用單數(shù)，表示部分人口時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。分人口時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 而形容人口的多而形容人口的多少通常用少通常用large / small. isare對人口的多少進行疑問時，可用對人口的多少進行疑問時，可用Whats the population of .?Whats the population of Guangdong? have a population of . 有多少人口有多少人口China has a population of 1.3 billion.an increase / growth i

5、n population 人口人口5. multi- “多、多方面、多方向多、多方面、多方向”multi-colored 多色的多色的 multi-racial多民族的多民族的multi-media 多媒體多媒體 multiparty多黨制的多黨制的6. by means of : by using 依靠、憑借依靠、憑借那個囚犯從秘密通道逃走了。那個囚犯從秘密通道逃走了。The prisoner escaped by means of a secret tunnel.思想可以憑借音樂的形式來表現(xiàn)。思想可以憑借音樂的形式來表現(xiàn)。Thoughts can be expressed by means

6、 of music.means : All possible means have been tried. Every possible means has been tried. The quickest means of travel is by air.by all means 無論如何、當然可以無論如何、當然可以by no means 一點也不、絕不一點也不、絕不We can succeed _(通過通過)hard work.You can get there _ (乘坐多種交通工具乘坐多種交通工具).by means of by many means of transport7. W

7、hen the first people arrived in what we now know as California,賓語從句賓語從句= the place that we now know as California. 定語從句定語從句George Washington was born in _ is now the state of Virginia. which B. where C. that D. what = George Washington was born in the place that is now the state of Virginia. D Pudon

8、g Development Zone is no longer a rural area _ it used to be.2. Pudong Development Zone is no longer _ it used to be. A. what B. where C. that D. thereCA定語從句定語從句, 先行詞是先行詞是area, that作關(guān)系代詞作關(guān)系代詞表語從句表語從句 8 However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand ye

9、ars ago.It is likely/possible/probable that sb/sth is likely to do sth某人某人/ /物有可能做某事物有可能做某事注意注意: likely 比較級為比較級為 likelier, 最高級為最高級為 likelieste.g. She is _to succeed. 她有可能會成功她有可能會成功. = It is likely that she will succeed.likelyThis is a _story.這是一個有可能發(fā)生的故事這是一個有可能發(fā)生的故事.likely辨析辨析: likely, possible, pro

10、bable 按可能性程度按可能性程度,probable可能性最大可能性最大,其次為其次為likely, 最小為最小為possible.但需要注意的是但需要注意的是,likely的的主語可以是人主語可以是人,但但possible, probable卻只能用形卻只能用形式主語式主語it.9. force into 強迫強迫成為、做、進入成為、做、進入They forced him into signing (to sign) the paper.He forced his feet into his shoes.She was forced into crime by circumstances.

11、她為境遇所迫而犯罪。她為境遇所迫而犯罪。The fellow forced his way into my home.那家伙強行闖入我家。那家伙強行闖入我家。10. comparecompare：China has more people than any other country in the world.China has more people than any country in Europe.11. Spanish soldiers arrived in South America in the early 16th century when(定語從句）定語從句） they fo

12、ught against the native people and took their land.西班牙士兵最早是在西班牙士兵最早是在16世紀初來到南美的，（當世紀初來到南美的，（當時）他們同土著人打仗，奪取了他們的土地。時）他們同土著人打仗，奪取了他們的土地。People from Africa have been living in California since the 1800s, when they moved north from Mexico.非洲人從非洲人從 1919世紀就在加利福尼亞住下來，（當時）世紀就在加利福尼亞住下來，（當時）他們是從墨西哥向北來的。他們是從墨西哥

13、向北來的。Even more arrived between 1942 and 1945 when they came to California to work in the ship and aircraft industries.更多的非洲人是在更多的非洲人是在19421942年到年到19451945年間來到加利福年間來到加利福尼亞的，當時他們是到船廠或飛機廠工作的。尼亞的，當時他們是到船廠或飛機廠工作的。take 捕捉、獲勝、占領(lǐng)、奪取等捕捉、獲勝、占領(lǐng)、奪取等take a tiger / a fort （城堡（城堡 ）/ a prisoner / a degree（學位）（學位）/

14、a bribe（受賄）（受賄） 12. the /a majority (of) 大多數(shù)、大部分大多數(shù)、大部分The / A majority of the country speak（s) English.The / A majority of students were/was against the policy.The majority is / are always able to impose (強加）強加）its/ their will on the minority.majority n. 大多數(shù)大多數(shù) The majority_ for the budget.The majo

15、rity of students _ hard-working. The majority of the damage _ easy to repair. 單獨做主語時，若強調(diào)整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，單獨做主語時，若強調(diào)整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)， 強調(diào)個體時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)強調(diào)個體時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù) 。 minority 少數(shù)少數(shù)was / wereare/ isisbe in (the /a) majority 占多數(shù)、過半數(shù)占多數(shù)、過半數(shù)1).Those who are for the proposal _. in the majority B. are the majorityC. are i

16、n the majority D. is in the majority2).The number of students in our class _63 and the majority of them _ clever and work hard. is; is B. are; are C. is ; are D. are; is3) Young people were in the majority at the meeting. (Translate)13. declare vt. 1）to make known publicly or officially 宣布宣布,宣告宣告1).

17、The chairman declared the results of the election. 2).War was declared on the enemy. 警方現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)對這個地區(qū)的毒販宣戰(zhàn)了警方現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)對這個地區(qū)的毒販宣戰(zhàn)了.3).The police have declared war on drug dealers in this area.法官宣判法官宣判 這個竊賊有罪。這個竊賊有罪。4).The judge declared the thief guilty. 2）To state with great forces so that there is no doubt a

18、bout the meaning 宣稱宣稱,聲稱聲稱,斷言斷言1).她鄭重宣布她對此事一無所知。她鄭重宣布她對此事一無所知。 She solemnly declared that she knew nothing about it.2).請表明你的立場。請表明你的立場。 Declare your position, please.3).她聲稱自己無罪。她聲稱自己無罪。She declared herself to be innocent. 4).他聲明此事屬實他聲明此事屬實.He declared that it was true.(3) To make a full statement 申報

19、申報Have you anything to declare?announce 把大家所關(guān)心的事情，特別是有新聞把大家所關(guān)心的事情，特別是有新聞價值的，做一般或正式的宣布。價值的，做一般或正式的宣布。14. make/earn a/ones life 謀生、習慣新的生謀生、習慣新的生活方式活方式make /earn / get a / ones living 謀生謀生現(xiàn)在越來越多的年輕人去了城市并在那兒謀生?，F(xiàn)在越來越多的年輕人去了城市并在那兒謀生。Nowadays more and more young people move to cities to make a life there.1

20、5. a large percentage have chosen= a large percentage of Chinese-Americans have chosen .1). A large percentage of population live in big cities.2).這賓館很大比例的收入來自于游覽這湖的游客。這賓館很大比例的收入來自于游覽這湖的游客。 A large percentage of the hotels income comes from the visitors to the lake.3).Only a small percentage of stud

21、ents are foreigners.percent (用在數(shù)詞后）（其余都用用在數(shù)詞后）（其余都用percentage) The result is expressed _(以百以百分比分比). _ (比例越來越大比例越來越大) of the population own their own houses. _(大部分大部分) people came. _ (百分之五十的學生百分之五十的學生) came form workers family.as a percentage An increasing percentage A large percentage of 50 percent

22、of students16. establish a town 建立城鎮(zhèn)建立城鎮(zhèn)establish a new business 開創(chuàng)新事業(yè)開創(chuàng)新事業(yè)establish friendly relations with建立友好關(guān)系建立友好關(guān)系establish that he was right.證明他是對的。證明他是對的。17. immigrate vi. (to/ into)移居，遷入移居，遷入他很小時從愛爾蘭移民到美國他很小時從愛爾蘭移民到美國 As a child, he immigrated to the US from Ireland.immigration n. immigrati

23、on laws移民法移民法immigrant (s) n. the European immigrants18.It is believed that It is said that It is hoped that It is supposed that It is suggested that It is reported that 主語從句主語從句It is reported that some European countries are flooded severely . It is hoped that the cost of medical care can be cut do

24、wn. 19. mix 混合混合 n.混合，混亂混合，混亂 V.1). We have to come up with a mix (n. )of policies to please the voters.（ 折中）折中）2). You can mix yellow and blue together to make green.3). We can not mix work with pleasure. mixture n. 混合物混合物,混合體混合體4).這種飲料是三種不同飲料的混合物這種飲料是三種不同飲料的混合物 The drink is a mixture of 3 differen

25、t sorts of drinks. a mixture of sadness and anger / water and oilvi.混合，使混合，使結(jié)合結(jié)合 1).Oil and water dont mix2).Oil doesnt mix with water.3).Tom and John mix like oil and water.4).I got /was mixed up at first. 頭腦混亂頭腦混亂5).He was mixed up in the scandal.(丑聞丑聞) 牽連到牽連到6).Dont get mixed up with them. 與與交往交往

26、, 有聯(lián)系有聯(lián)系Success is a _ of a sharp mind and hard training rather than just talking.A. mixture B. thought C. time D. action20.nationality 國籍國籍 1). 她是美國國籍但住在中國。她是美國國籍但住在中國。 She has American nationality but lives in China. 2). -你是哪國人？你是哪國人？ - 中國人中國人 -Whats your nationality? -ChineseReading II occur vi.

27、存在，被發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；想到，想起存在，被發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；想到，想起 (to), (主語是事，賓語是人）主語是事，賓語是人）These flowers occur in the tropics(熱帶）熱帶）.The sound doesnt occur in Chinese.When did the accident occur?.An idea occurred to me.It never occurred to him that she would fail.2. cattle n. 集體名詞，指復(fù)數(shù)概念，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)集體名詞，指復(fù)數(shù)概念，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)We have five (head of) c

28、attle.The cattle are raised on my farm.people , police, folk, militia (民兵部隊）民兵部隊）3. Indicate vt. 指示，標出，表明，暗示指示，標出，表明，暗示He indicated the door hinting me to go out.他指著門示意我出去。他指著門示意我出去。The signpost(路標）路標）indicates the right road.His hesitation indicated that he doubted about the plan.(暗示）暗示）His red fac

29、e indicates high blood pressure.（是（是的的征兆）征兆）The bell rang, _ that class was over.A. Indicated B. indicating C. indicate D. to indicate4. go exploring 去觀光、去探險去觀光、去探險 = go sightseeingexplore探索（探索（for)They are exploring every possibility for the treatment of AIDS.explore for oil.5. apparently adv. 顯而易見

30、地，顯然地顯而易見地，顯然地,似乎似乎（obviously)She sat there, apparently absent-minded.He is apparently right. = It is apparently that he is right.6. team up with 與與合作或一起工作合作或一起工作You can team up with your deskmate to finish the task.If you want to travelling, youd better team up with a group.這兩個公司合作研發(fā)了一種新藥。這兩個公司合作研發(fā)

31、了一種新藥。The two companies teamed up to develop a new medicine.7. hire 雇傭，租用雇傭，租用Hiring a car is paid by the hour.I hired a private detective to look into it.hire out 出租出租 hire oneself out (as)受雇（當受雇（當)He hired himself out as a bodyguard in a company.rent 租借（讓）土地、房屋、動產(chǎn)等。租借（讓）土地、房屋、動產(chǎn)等。DO you own or ren

32、t the video?錄像帶是你自己的還是租的？錄像帶是你自己的還是租的？He will rent this land (out) to me at $ 1000 a year.他將把這塊土地以每年他將把這塊土地以每年1000美元的價格租給我。美元的價格租給我。8. Mark out 劃線標出界限，設(shè)計，計劃劃線標出界限，設(shè)計，計劃We marked out a tennis court.我們劃出了一塊網(wǎng)球場。我們劃出了一塊網(wǎng)球場。他被選定擔任更高的職務(wù)。他被選定擔任更高的職務(wù)。He was marked out for a higher position.9. take in 包括、吸收、

33、欺騙包括、吸收、欺騙1)The price _（包括）（包括） the cost of all the accommodation and food.2)The old lady was homeless, so I _（帶回家）（帶回家）.3)Women_ (經(jīng)常上當）經(jīng)常上當）by products for losing weight.takes in took her in are often taken inIf a person is called “April Fool”, he or she is taken _ on that day.A. Up B. off C. in D. on 10.have good i