高一英語閱讀理解解題技巧及練習(xí)題(含答案)及解析

1、高一英語閱讀理解解題技巧及練習(xí)題(含答案)及解析一、高中英語閱讀理解1 .閱讀理解When was the last time you used plastic plates? Next time, why not try some edible ones? Youll help the environment and your guests wont go hungry. I used to work in school catering and saw a lot of money being thrown away. I thought that was criminal, so I d

2、ecided to do something about it, said Italian school chef Tiziano Vicentini.Now, Vicentini has an amazing range of edible plates for schools. The plates are made out of bread dough, so you can eat them afterwards. These dishes cost a few pennies each and are either eaten by the kids, or go into recy

3、cling bins for animal food, explained Vicentini, 50, of Milan. But now other companies are developing edible plates, too. The Edible-Plate Company offers edible plates, bowls, trays and cups. Their products are environmentally-friendly, 100% biodegradable and can be used for all types of catering an

4、d home use. And theyre made from a natural plant. After use, they can be fed to animals or left to degrade naturally.They also have a range of cutlery (餐具)made from corn and potato starch(淀粉).Theseplates will also help reduce the amount of plastic; we create. Waste from plastic causes a lot of damag

5、e to the environment, as well as costing governments millions m waste management. Plastic bags often end up in landfill sites or on the street. And the burning of plastic waste causes toxic gases that pollute the air. In response to this, governments around the world are introducing tough recycling

6、regulations. And many shops are offering biodegradable plastic bags and eco-safe packaging on their products. To help matters, the International Organization for Standardization (the ISO) has also developed a system to evaluate the biodegradability of products, with a certification and logo scheme,

7、Meanwhile, how about a nice plate for lunch?(1) Which of the following is not the advantage of edible plates?A. They are expensive.B. They can degrade naturally.C. They are environmentally-friendly.D. They are made from natural plant.(2) Which of the following statements is true?A. Tiziano is from G

8、ermany.B. Edible plates are only used for school catering.C. Corn and potato starch can be used to make cutlery. D. The Edible Plate Company doesnt produce edible bowls.(3) What does the underlined word this refer to?A. The air pollution.B. The edible cutlery.C. The toxic gases caused by the burning

9、 of plastic. D. The damage to the environment caused by plastic waste.(4) What is the main idea of this passage?A. The measures to stop the pollution.B. The ways to reduce the plastic waste.C. How to make edible plates from natural plants. . D. The plate solution to eating and environmental problem.

10、【答案】(1) A C(3) D(4) D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了飲食和環(huán)境的問題，并且提出了相應(yīng)的解決方法。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的Their products are environmentally -friendly, 100%biodegradable and can be used for all types of catering and home use. And theyre made from a natural plant. After use, they can be fed to animals or left to degrade natur

11、ally. 可知， 昂貴”不 是edible plates的優(yōu)勢。故選 A。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的They also have a range of cutlery (餐具)made fromcorn and potato starch (淀粉).”可知，玉米和馬鈴薯淀粉可用于制作餐具。故選C。(3)考查代詞指代。根據(jù)第三段中的Wastefrom plastic causes a lot of damage to theenvironment, as well as costing governments millions m waste management. Plastic b

12、ags often end up in landfill sites or on the street. And the burning of plastic waste causes toxic gases that pollute the air. In response to this, governments around the world are introducing tough recycling regulations.塑料垃圾對環(huán)境造成了很大的破壞，同時也給政府帶來了數(shù)百萬的垃圾管理。塑料袋經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)在垃圾填埋場或街道上。而燃燒的塑料垃圾會導(dǎo)致有毒氣體污染空氣。作為對此的回

13、應(yīng)，世界各國政府正在出臺嚴(yán)格的回收法規(guī)。由此可知 this指的是 塑料垃圾 對環(huán)境造成的破壞?！惫蔬xDo(4)考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的When wasthe last time you used plastic plates? Nexttime, why not try some edible ones? Youll help the environment and your guests wont go hungry.可知，本文講述的是飲食和環(huán)境問題的解決方案。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷，代詞指代和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一 篇科普類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，

14、同時根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括歸納， 從而選出正確答案。2 .閱讀理解Chinese scientists recently have produced two monkeys with the same gene, Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua, using the same technique that gave us Dolly the sheep. These monkeys are not actually the first primates (靈長類) to be cloned. Another one named Tetra was produced in

15、the late 1990s by embryo (胚胎) splitting, the division of an early-stage embryo into two or four separate cells to make clones. By contrast, they were each made by replacing an egg cell nucleus (原子核) with DNA from a differentiated body cell. This Dolly method, known as somatic cellnuclear transfer (S

16、CNT , can create more clones and allows researchers greater control over the edits they make to the DNA.Success came from adopting several new techniques. These included a new type of microscopy to better view the cells during handling or using several materials that encourage cell reprogramming, wh

17、ich hadnt been tried before on primates. Still, the research process proved difficult, and many attempts by the team failed. Just two healthy baby monkeys born from more than 60 tested mothers. This leads to many researchers pouring water on the idea that the teams results bring scientists closer to

18、 cloning humans. They thought this work is not a steppingstone to establishing methods for obtaining live born human clones. Instead, this clearly remains a very foolish thing to attempt, it would be far too inefficient, far too unsafe, and it is also pointless.But the scientists involved emphasize

19、that this is not their goal. There is now no barrier for cloning primate species, thus cloning humans is closer to reality. However, their research purpose is entirely for producing non-human primate models for human diseases; they absolutely have no intention, and society will not permit this work

20、to be extended to humans. Despite limitations, they treat this breakthrough a novel model system for scientists studying human biology and disease.(1) What do we know about the technology called SCNT?A. It created the first two primates.B. It may contribute to editing the DNAC. It can divide an earl

21、y-stage embryo into several cells. with different genes.D. It produced two cloned monkeys(2) What does the author mean by“pouring water on the idea in paragraph 2?A. Keeping a hot topic of it.C. Attaching no importance to it.IIB. Having a low opinion of it.D. Adding supportive evidence to it.(3) Wha

22、t is the scientists purpose to clone these monkeys?A. To help with the study of human diseases. B. To serve as a stepping stone to their reputation.C. To prepare for their research on human cloning. D. To raise money for holding an exhibition of novels.(4) What can we infer from the passage?A. New t

23、echniques seem to be pointless. B. Cloning humans is already on its way.C. Society wont agree to clone another monkey. D. The success rate of cloning a monkey was not high.【答案】(1) BB(3) A(4) D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，科學(xué)家們利用高科技克隆猴子幫助研究人類疾病。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的This Dolly method, known as somatic cell nuclear tra

24、nsfer(SCNT) , can create more clones and allows researchers greater control over the edits theymake to the DNA.可知，SCNTW能有助于編輯 DNA。故選B。(2)考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的Still,the research process proved difficult, and manyattempts by the team failed. Just two healthy baby monkeys born from more than 60 tested mothers

25、. This leads to many researchers pouring water on the idea that the teams results bring scientists closer to cloning humans. 可知在第二段中“pouring water on the idea 的意思是 對它的評價很低?！惫蔬xBo考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的However,their research purpose is entirely forproducing non-human primate models for human diseases; they ab

26、solutely have no intention, and society will not permit this work to be extended to humans. 可知，科學(xué)家們克隆這些猴子的目的是幫助研究人類疾病。故選A。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的Theythought this work is not a stepping stone toestablishing methods for obtaining live born human clones. Instead, this clearly remains a very foolish thing t

27、o attempt, it would be far too inefficient, far too unsafe, and it is also pointless. 和 最后段中的Despitelimitations, they treat this breakthrough a novel model system forscientists studying human biology and disease.可知,克隆一只猴子的成功率并不高。故選 Do【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱 讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理

28、，選出正確答案。3 .閱讀理解Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to accomplish. According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos.Ethos is a speakers way of convincing the audience that he is t

29、rustworthy, honest and reliable. One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education he has in the field. After all, youre more likely to listen to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman.Pathos is a speakers way of connectin

30、g with an audiences emotions. For example, a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill the audience with fear, thus making them want to vote for him. Similarly, an animal charity

31、 might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats to make thee viewers feel pity, so they will be more likely to donate money.Logos is the use of facts, statistics or other evidence to support your argument. An audience will believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims. Pre

32、senting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying“ believe me .Although ethos, pathos and logos all have their strengths, they are often most effective when used together. So, the next time you listen to a speech, watch a commercial or listen to a friend try to convince you to lend hi

33、m some money, be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.11) What is the purpose of persuasion?A. To advise somebody to support you.B. To help someone have special skills.C. To convince somebody to realize his aim. D. To talk someone into being honest.(2) What is a speakers way of

34、 convincing the audience to trust him?A. Pathos.B. Ethos.C. Logos.D. Education.(3) What do a politician and an animal charity have in common?A. Both prevent themselves from being hurt. B. Both save people from terrible wars.C. Both make the audience support them. f D. Both persuade people to donate

35、money.(4) Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Convince the AudienceB. Three Basic Tools of PersuasionC. Believe MeD. Strength of Persuasion【答案】(1) AB(3) C(4) B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，說服是一種說服某人同意你的藝術(shù)，有三種基本的 說服方法：精神氣質(zhì)，悲情和理性。(1) 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第段中的Persuasion is to convince someone to agree

36、with you,just like art which also calls for special techniques to accomplish.可知說服的 目 的是勸告些人贊成你，故選Ao(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的Ethosis a speakers way of convincing the audiencethat he is trustworthy, honest and reliable. One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or educati

37、on he has in the field.可知說話者可以逋過介紹 自己的經(jīng)驗以及自己在這個領(lǐng)域所受的教育，也就是 Ethos,來讓聽眾相信他，故選 Bo(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的Pathosis a speakers way of connecting with anaudiences emotions.可知一位政治家和一個動物慈善團(tuán)體的共同之處就是讓聽眾支持他 們，故選Co(4)考查主旨大意。根據(jù)主題句Persuasions to convince someone to agree with you, justlike art which also calls for speci

38、al techniques to accomplish. According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos.可知這篇文章主要介紹了 勸說的三個基本方法，故選Bo【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇生活類閱 讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推 理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4.閱讀理解A 12-year-old with end stage cancer, the ch

39、ilds parents had recently moved her from the hospital to her home in the suburbs of Los Angeles. Some days later the girls breath quickened, and her father phoned the familys hospice nurse. Please come, he said.The nurse knew the visit would require more than four hours of her time: a two-hour drive

40、 in each direction, plus her time with the girl. Why dont we connect over FaceTime, she asked. The father agreed, and they connected.The nurse asked the father to move his daughter gently to her side, then to her back, to lift the childs shirt. The nurse would ask: What do you see, what concerns you

41、, and the father would explain. In this fashion the pair examined the girl - the nurse on her computer, the father his iPad. Together they decided that the nurses presence was not necessary, that the child had more time.Later, the father reported feeling comforted by the nurse. He appreciated her av

42、ailability, the fact that she could see what he saw, and their ability to discuss it in real time.Telemedicine has become a trend in America. Some hospitals have gone so far as to specially design telemedicine clinics. The room is staged like an office but with better lighting. Theres a nice desk fo

43、r the clinician to sit behind, a computer situated stage left, and books in the background. A physician taking a video call from home might wear a pair of headphones, equipped with a mic - to ensure whatever the patient says isnt broadcast to anyone off-camera.However, there is something more than t

44、he technology bit. According to David, the head of the telemedicine pilot the girls family had been part of, there are some people who are great in person and you put them on camera theyre a dead fish. Some physicians are camera shy. Forothers, the physical is olation can actually help them be more

45、empathetic. He adds.“My experience is that, once you get past some initial hurdles, you can maintain an intimate, immediate connection with patients that in some cases may be more useful than even in-person inte ractions, “ David says.(1) Why did the nurse suggesting connecting via FaceTime?A. Becau

46、se she was not allowed to leave her clinic. B. Because she had to take care of other patients in the clinic.C. Because it took too much time on her way to patients home. D. Because the father didnt pay for her fare of transportation.(2) How did the father think of the telemedicine service?A. He doub

47、ted the quality of the service. B. He thought highly of the service.C. He insisted the service be improved. D. He challenged the authority of the nurse.(3) What do we know about the rooms for telemedicine?A. Better air conditioners are provided for a comfortable environment. B. Mics are equipped to

48、protect privacy of patients.C. Professional books are in place for immediate consultation. D. The room with a computer is situated in the doctors home.(4) What challenges may clinicians face in telemedicine?A. They are afraid of being isolated from patients. B. They could not examine the patients ca

49、refully.C. They are required to deal with in-person interactions. D. They may not feel quite themselves in front of a camera.【答案】(1) CB(3) B(4) D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療已經(jīng)成為美國的一種趨勢.有些醫(yī)院甚至專門設(shè)計了遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療診所。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的The nurse knew the visit would require more than fourhours of her time: a two-hour d

50、rive in each direction, plus her time with the girl. Why dont we connect over FaceTime, she asked.可知，護(hù)士建議通過視頻通話是因為需要太多的時間她才 能到達(dá)病人的家。故選Co(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的He appreciated her availability, the fact that she couldsee what he saw, and their ability to discuss it in real time. 可知，這位父親感激這位護(hù)士的幫助，感激護(hù)士可以看到他看見

51、的并和他進(jìn)行實時討論，因此推斷這位父親高度贊揚(yáng)這樣的服務(wù)。故選B。（ 3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“ equippedwith a mic - to ensure whatever thepatient says isnt broadcast to anyone off- camera. 可知，遠(yuǎn)程治療室配備了麥克風(fēng)確保病人的 ” 隱私。故選B。（4） 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“there are some people who are great in personand you put them on camera theyre a dead fish.“ Snosmare

52、epchaymsiecria shy. For others,the physical isolation can actually help them be more empathetic.可知，一些內(nèi)科醫(yī) ” He adds.生在鏡頭面前是害羞的。因此推斷在遠(yuǎn)程診療時，醫(yī)生在鏡頭面前會感到不舒服。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇醫(yī)學(xué)類閱讀，考生需 要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。5 閱讀理解Parents may think theyre smart about where they store medicines, but

53、 their kids are smarter. Nearly 60,000 young children are rushed to the hospital every year after getting into medicines not meant for them, according to a new report from Safe Kids Worldwide.The report finds little connection between what parents know about storing medicines safely and what they ac

54、tually do. Nine out of 10 parents know that medicines should be stored up and away out of reach and sight, but 7 out of 10 of them admit not doing that. They leave medicines out on kitchen counters, sinks and sofas, believing babies and toddlers（ 學(xué)步者 ）arent tall enough or strong enough to reach them

55、. Unfortunately, they probably can. Children as young as a month have ended up in an emergency department because theyd been poisoned by getting into a medicine that was left within reach.Most poisonings related to medicines-particularly among babies and toddlers-occur within their home. Kids develo

56、p rapidly and they want to explore their environment. At certain ages they have a lot of hand-to-mouth activity, and so its very common for them to explore their environment and then try to taste what they find.The new Safe Kids worldwide report includes a survey of 2,000 parents with children under

57、 age 6. While the number of children visiting an emergency department for accidental poisonings had declined since the 2010 maximum, the decline has slowed in recent years.Prescription and over-the-counter medicines cause the most severe poisonings, but vitamins and supplements（ 補(bǔ)充品 ）can also cause

58、problems. There are steps families can take to lower the risk for an accidental medicine poisoning.（ 1 ） Why are children poisoned according to the text?A. Some of the medicines at home taste nice.B. There is something poisonous in medicines.C. Kids have easy access to medicines at home. D. Kids are curious to explore the environment （ 2） What can we learn from the text?A. Vitamins and supplements c