新概念英語第2冊全套詳細語法精粹

1、新概念二各課重點課文語法要點Lessonl簡單陳述句的語序Lesson2一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進行時Lesson3現(xiàn)在完成時；一般過去時與一般現(xiàn)在時；直接賓語與間接賓語Lesson4現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別1;現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在進行時的區(qū)別；同位語Lesson5帶way的一些短語；不定冠詞和定冠詞；現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別2Lesson6短語動詞；過去進行時1 ； a, the , some的用法Lesson7短語動詞中的小品詞；表示時間的介詞；過去進行時2Lesson8形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級Lesson9被動語態(tài)；引導(dǎo)時間狀語的介詞 in , on, at , during , til

2、l ,與until ；否認句的兩種形式： not any 與noLesson10現(xiàn)在進行時與過去進行時的被動語態(tài)；雙重所有格Lessonll動詞+名次/代詞+帶to的不定式Lesson12一般將來時Lesson13將來進行時Lesson14過去完成時Lesson15直接引語和間接引語Lesson16條件句1Lesson17Must, have to ,與 have got to 的用法Lesson18實義動詞have的用法Lesson19表小許可的 can和mayLesson20介詞與動名詞Lesson21情態(tài)動詞在被動語態(tài)中的應(yīng)用Lesson22一些常見的動詞詞組Lesson23There

3、is 和it is 的用法Lesson24無語法重點注重復(fù)習(xí)Lesson25并列句的語序Lesson26一般現(xiàn)在時與現(xiàn)在進行時的動詞使用Lesson27表示過去習(xí)慣動作的used to和一般過去時的特殊用法Lesson28現(xiàn)在完成時與since ；關(guān)系從句及關(guān)系代詞Lesson29現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別Lesson30定冠詞the的用法；some與any的區(qū)別Lesson31過去進行時與一般過去時；use to的用法Lesson32比較結(jié)構(gòu)表示法；Little 和few的用法Lesson33用于表示目的和方向的介詞和副詞Lesson34被動語態(tài)用法補充Lesson35復(fù)習(xí),本課無新的語法

4、點Lesson36Will 和 be going toLesson37一般將來完成時；將來完成進行時Lesson38過去完成時與附屬連詞when, before , after , untilLesson39間接引語中的say, tell , ask；間接L般疑問句；間接疑問詞疑問句Lesson40條件句2Lesson41Must的用法；have to 的用法；need的用法Lesson42Have+名詞代替普通動詞Lesson43Can的用法；be able to 的用法Lesson44動名詞與不定式；介詞 by與with的用法Lesson45被動語態(tài)中的by詞組的使用Lesson46動詞與

5、介詞to , at , for , with的搭配Lesson47-48無新重點內(nèi)容,增強復(fù)習(xí)Lesson49復(fù)合句的語序Lesson50動態(tài)動詞和表態(tài)動詞Lesson51一般過去時Lesson52現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進行時Lesson53一般過去時,現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進行時Lesson54A 與 someLesson55Used to 和 wouldLesson56比較結(jié)構(gòu)的修飾語；the same as 的比較結(jié)構(gòu)Lesson57用于描寫任務(wù)的介詞in和with ；表示地點與位置的介詞與副詞in ,at , offLesson58由get與過去分詞構(gòu)成的被動語態(tài)；it is said t

6、hat結(jié)構(gòu)Lesson59表小目的的幾種方式：to , in order to , so as to , so that , in orderthatLesson60現(xiàn)在進行時表示將要發(fā)生的事Lesson61It is the first time that結(jié)構(gòu)Lesson62過去完成時復(fù)習(xí)；過去完成進行時Lesson63祈使句的間接引語Lesson64條件句3Lesson65表小應(yīng)該與必須的情態(tài)助動詞must, have to , should 和ought toLesson66使役動詞have的用法Lesson67Can, be able to ,和 manage to 的比較Lesson

7、68動詞與動名詞Lesson69被動語態(tài)中的動詞詞組；不定時的被動語態(tài)；現(xiàn)在分詞的被動語態(tài)Lesson70形容詞后的介詞Lesson71無新語法重點,復(fù)習(xí)已講內(nèi)容Lesson72情態(tài)動詞must用法復(fù)習(xí)新概念語法精粹Guide to New Concept English Grammar(二冊初級班)第一章英語動詞時態(tài)(Tenses)攻下此難關(guān)是作文、閱讀、口語之關(guān)鍵.漢語用不同詞表達相應(yīng)時態(tài),英語時態(tài)是英語語法中的第一道難關(guān), 而英語用同一詞的不同變化形式表達時態(tài)O英語各種時態(tài)構(gòu)成表：以 play為例:現(xiàn)在過去將來一般時態(tài))世行時態(tài)isam playingarewaswere playing

8、shallwill be playing元成時態(tài)hashave playedhad playedshallwill have played完成進行時態(tài)play playsplayedshall will playhashave been playinghad been playingshallwill have beenplaying過去shouldshouldshouldshould將來would playwould be playingwould have playedwould have been playing般現(xiàn)在時:1 .構(gòu)成：使用動詞原形,第三人稱單數(shù)須有變化.(1)直接力口 &

9、quot; s", works , takes(2)以輔音加“ y結(jié)尾,變“ y為“ i,再加“ es carry f carries(3)以“o, s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的動詞加"es"goes dresses watches brushes2 .功能：(1)表現(xiàn)在的事實、狀態(tài)或動作：eg: ?. Birds fly.?. She loves music.?. Mary's parents get up very early.表習(xí)慣性動作或職業(yè),常與 often , sometimes , usually , always , every week

10、, seldom , occasionally ,frequently 等時間副詞連用.eg: ?. I always take a walk after supper.?. She writes to me very often.?. Tom and his girlfriend go out to take a picnic occasionally.3心客觀真理,格言警句或事實：?. The earth moves round the sun.'.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.'.Two and two ma

11、kes four.?. No man but errs. 人非圣賢,熟能無過.4書將來：,untilA.在由 when, after, before , as, as soon as , although , because, if , even if , in case, till unless ,so long as , where, whatever , wherever等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來發(fā)生的動作.黃金重點,所有測試都不放過它！例如：?. I'll tell her when shecomes tomorrow.?. Even ifit rains this

12、afternoon, I'll meet you.?. Whatever happens, you should keep cool-headed.不錯的句型,背下！ ！?. I'll be right here waiting for you wherever you go.很感人的句型！B.按:間表示將要發(fā)生的動作或事件,用卜般現(xiàn)在時表達將快而概念.?. The play begins at 6:30 this evening.'.When does the plane take off?'.He leaves for that city next week

13、.'.According to the timetable, the express train to Shanghai starts at nine in themorning.根據(jù)時刻表,開往上海的特快列車早上7點出發(fā).測試精編1. The Browns a nice car and Brown's brother a nice jeep.A. have / have B. has / has C. have / has D. has / have2. If their house not like ours, what it look like?A. is / is B.

14、 is / does C. does / does D. does / is3. -you think he will come? - If it tomorrow, he will not come.A. Do / rainsB. Are / rains C. Do / will rain D. Are / will rain4. The little child not even know that the moon around the earth.A. do / move B. do / moves C. does / moves D. did / moved5. Many a stu

15、dent fond of films, but a good student seldom to the cinemaA. are / goes B. is / goes C. are / go D. is / go.現(xiàn)在進行時：is / am / are +現(xiàn)在分詞1 .表示恒川在進行的動作.如體重增加?. The kettle is boiling. Shall I make tea?. Don't you think you eat too much? You're putting on weight?. The workers are building a new br

16、idge across the river.2 .表艦階段m進行的動作.?. He is taking physics this semester本學(xué)期.?. Weare preparing for our final examination this week.用于進行時態(tài)時表示即將3 . go, come, leave, arrive, land, meet, die, start, return, join, etc. 開始的動作.?. Look! The bus is coming. 看！車來了！?. The old man is seriously ill, and he is dy

17、ing.?. Alice is leaving for Beijing with her mother.4 .與always, forever, continually, constantly等副詞連用,表示說話人帶有感情色彩：贊賞或厭惡.?. He is always thinking of others.他總是想著別人.?. The boy is continually making noises.這男孩不斷地發(fā)出吵鬧聲.?. The teacher is constantly always criticizing her for being late.老師直在批評她遲到.5 .下面表示狀

18、態(tài)、感覺、情緒、精神活動的動詞不可用于進行時.此條戒律請背10遍！ ！believe 相信,doubt 疑心,see 看見,hear 聽見,know 知道,understand理解,belong屬于,think 認為,consider 認為,feel 覺得,look 看起來,seem 看上去,show 顯示,mind 介意,have 有,sound 聽起來,taste 嘗起來,require要求,possess 擁有,care 關(guān)心,like 喜歡,hate 討厭,love 喜愛,detest 憎恨,desire 意欲【簡單記憶】： 永遠不要說I'm believing. 或He is

19、 seeing a house.再簡單一點說,這些動詞后面不要隨意加-ing. 可怕的是：我們在寫作及口語中常犯此類大錯！ 注意：have a party / think about 可以用進行時,由于這里have意為"舉行"；think意為"考慮.測試精編：1. How can you If you are not?A. listening / hearing B. hear / listeningC. be listening / heard D. be hearing / listening to2.The girl even won't have

20、her lunch before she her homework.A. will finishB. is finishingC. had finishedD. finishes3. Those who have applied for the post職位 in the office.止匕題超前A. are being interviewed B. are interviewingC. interviewingD. to be interviewing4. The old scientist to do more for the country.A. is wishingB. has bee

21、n wishingC. wishesD. has been wished5. If he, don't wake him up.A. still sleepsB. is still sleepingC. still has been sleeping D. will be sleeping still三.一般過去時.定義動詞的過去式:1 .表示過去某個物定時間或某一哥時間發(fā)生的動作或情況.?. We visited the school last spring.?. I went to school by bike when I was in middle school.China w

22、as founded in 1949.2 .在表示時間或條件等的狀語從句中代替過去將來時.參?. She told me that she would not go with us if it rained the next day.?. They would not leave until she came back.?. My friend promised to marry me once she made her final decision.3 . 一般過去時,現(xiàn)在時和過去時的幾組差異：別以為這很簡單,下面的差異你不一定明白. Her brother was a chemist. 已

23、去世 Her brother is a chemist.尚健在 That's all I had to say.話已說完 That's all I have to say.言之未盡 It was so nice to see you.離別時用 It is so nice to see you.見面時用 Jane did a lot of work this morning.已是當(dāng)天下午或晚上 Jane has done a lot of work this morning.仍是上午本句現(xiàn)在完成時,此乃后話！測試精編I :用所給動詞的正確進態(tài)填空.1. Yesterday Ith

24、ink that you were not in Beijing.2. Alice usuallysit in the front ofthe classroom, but shesit at the backthis morning.3. Hetell the news to us three days ago.4. Hebegin to teach Chinese in 1990. 5. she would not telephone meif shehave no time.測試精編II :1. They the trip until the rain stopped.A. contin

25、ued B. didn't continueC. hadn't continued D. would continue2. The local peasants gave the soldiers clothes and food without which they of hungerand cold. without 在這里表條件,你知道嗎A. would die B. will die C. would be dead D. would have died3. It was not until then that I came to know that the earth

26、 around the sun.A. moved B. has moved C. will move D. moves4. When all those present至 U 場者he began his lecture.重點題A. sit B. set C. seated D. were seated5. If I had had time, I would have written to you. But in fact I not.A. have B. would have C. had D. had had四.過去進行時：were / was +現(xiàn)在分詞.1 .表示他去某一時刻或階段正

27、在發(fā)生的動作.?. I was playing chess at 8 yesterday evening.?. When I arrived, they were watching TV.?. They were doing housework this time last week.2 .用于條件狀語從句中表示過去將來進行的動作.?. She told me to wake him up if she was sleeping.?. I asked my friend to warn me about it as long as I was driving too fast.3 .過去某時將

28、發(fā)生的事.可參考一2 4?. They told me that they were leaving for New York.?. He was going out when I arrived.測試精編：1. My brother while he his bicycle and hurt himself.A. fell / was ridingB. feel / were ridingC. had fallen / rodeD. had fallen / was riding2. He his leg as he in a football match.A. broke / played

29、B. was breaking / was playingC. broke / was playingD. was breaking / played3. -Myfather will be here tomorrow. -I thought that he today.A. was corningB. is comingC. will comeD. comes4. Jack was going out of the shop when he collided with an old woman who in.A. come B. was coming C. had been coming D

30、. had come5. Michike couldn't come to the telephone when Mr. Smith called her because she in thelab.A. had been workingB. has been workingC. was workingD. worked五.現(xiàn)在完成時：have / has +過去分詞yet , just , before , recently , lately 最1 .表示過去所發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果.常與 近,ever, never等表時間的副詞搭配使用. He hasn't s

31、een her lately. I haven't finished the book yet.2 .表示十個從過去某個時間開始,延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能持續(xù)下去的動作,常與表示十段時間的|時間狀語連用.如：so far迄今為止,up till now直到現(xiàn)在,since, for a long time 很長時間,up to present 直至U現(xiàn)在,in the past / in the last few years在過去的幾年里,these days 目前 ?. He has worked here for 15 years.?. I have studied English sin

32、ce I came here.?. The foreigner has been away from China for a long time.?. So far, I haven't received a single letter from my brother.3 .某些非延續(xù)性動詞即：動作開始便終止的動詞,在現(xiàn)在完成時中不能與表示一段時間狀語搭配.黃金要點：I .常見的非延續(xù)動詞：die, arrive 到達,join 參加,leave 離開,go, refuse 拒絕,fail失敗,finish , buy , marry , divorce 離婚,awake 醒,buy,

33、 borrow , lend .背三遍！II .這類動詞并非不能用現(xiàn)在完成時,而是不能接常由for引導(dǎo)的時間狀語.III .但假設(shè)是用在否認句中,非延續(xù)動詞的現(xiàn)在完成時可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用. She has gone away for a month. 誤專業(yè).專注 She has been away for a month 正 The man has died for two years. 誤 The man has been dead for two years. 正 How long have youbought the book? 誤 How long have you got

34、 the book. 正4 .注意since的用法：?. They haven't had any troublesince they came here.?. It has been ten years since we met last time.?. He has been heresince 1980.?. He has been heresince ten years ago.5 .幾組比照：He has gone to Shanghai.他至 U上海去了.He has been to Shanghai. 他去過上海.She has gone. 她已走了.門關(guān)上了.動作She

35、 is gone.她缺席了.or 她死了.The door has been closed.The door is closed.門是關(guān)著的.狀態(tài)測試精編：1. The prices going up all the time in the past few years.A. keep B. kept C. have kept D. are keeping2. For the whole period of two months, there no rain in this area.A. is B. will be C. has been D. have been3. Today is Ja

36、ne's wedding day. She John.A. have just married with B. was just married toC. has just been married to D. just has been married to4. No wonder the flower have withered, they any water for ages.A. hadn't B. haven't C. haven't had D. hadn't had5. Nowadays computer a wide applicatio

37、n with the development of production and science.A. found B. has found C. finds D. had found六.現(xiàn)在完成進行時：have / has + been +現(xiàn)在分詞1 .表示從過去某時開始發(fā)生,一再延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在且可能延續(xù)下去的動作.最好將此定義讀5遍?. I've been waiting for an hour but she hasn't come.?. He has been running after her for 8 years.run after: 追求2 .表某種感情色彩.?.

38、I've been wanting to see you for so many years.?. Who's been telling you such nonsense.釋惑要點：現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進行時的比照：現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)“結(jié)果,而完成進行時強調(diào)“動作的延續(xù).?. I have thought of it.我已想到了這一點.?. I have been thinking of it.我一直在想這一點.?. Jim has painted the door.杰姆已將門油漆過了.?. Jim has been painting the door.杰姆一直在油漆門.測試精編

39、：1. They us since five o'clock this morning.A. are helping B. have been helpingC. have been helped D. have helped2. I the book the whole day, yet I haven't finished it.A. have been reading B. have readC. am reading D. had been reading3. Please come in. We about your paper.A. talkB. had been

40、talkingC. have been talking D. would have talked4. Such natural resources as coal and petroleum.A. gradually are exhausted B. are being gradually exhaustedC. have gradually exhausting D. have been exhausting gradually5. It almost every day so far this month.A. is raining B. rained C. rains D. has be

41、en raining用所給動詞正確時態(tài)填空.1. You should go to bed. Youwatch TV for 5 hours.2. Iwrite letters since breakfast.3. Iwrite 3 letters since breakfast.4. Sorry, but Mr. Smithleave for Beijing.5. Ilook for him everywhere, where can he be?七.過去完成時：had +過去分詞1 .表示過去某個動作或某個具體時間之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生、完成的動作.“過去的過去 They had got every

42、thing ready before I came. The play had begunbefore I got to the theater with my boyfriend.2 .過去完成時常用于hardly / scarcely . when, no sooner . than等固定句型結(jié)構(gòu)中.此乃超級重點句型,意為：“一就 She had hardly / scarcely gone to bed when the bell rang. No sooner had he arrived at the railway station than he met her parents.注

43、意no sooner在句首時句型倒裝.3 . intend 打算,mean 意味,hope 希望,want 想要,plan 方案等動詞的過去完成時用來表 示本打算做而沒有做的事. I had intended to call on you yesterday, but someone came to see me just when I was about to leave.原想昨天去看你 They had planed to hold a football match last week, but they had to cancel it because the bad weather.原

44、方案上周舉行一場足球賽測試精編：1. -Let's hurry! The president is coming. -Oh, I was afraid that we.A. already miss him B. had already missed himC. will miss him already D. have already missed him2. Your letter came just as I my office.A. was leavingB. would leaveC. had leftD. left3. I my keys, I can't reme

45、mber where I last sawthem.A. was losing B. lost C. had lost D. have lost4. Nobody knew where the teacher.A. has goneB. would have goneC. had goneD. would be gone5. The sportsmen training for 3 hours when the coach told them to break off for rest.A. have beenB. areC. had beenD. were八.一般將來時：shall / wi

46、ll +動詞原形1 .表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài). He will graduate from the college next year. We shall finish our work as quickly as possible.2 .將來時的其它結(jié)構(gòu)：務(wù)必背下！I. be going to do something. 打算做某事.美國口語中常讀作 be gonna I'm going to buy a new coat this fall.be going to 與will的比照：以下情況須用will I'll be sixteen years old next

47、year. It will be the 20 th of August tomorrow. When he comes, I will give him your message.I. be + to do sth.表示方案安排做某事或用來征求意見. Am I to take over his work? We are to meet at the gate.III. be about to do sth.即將做某事. The talk is about to begin.3.重點補充：be on the point of doing sth.正要做某事set out to do sth.

48、著手做某事set about doing sth.開始做某事測試精編：1. - "The meeting is scheduled to begin at 7 o'clock."-"But a delay."A. it will beB. there'd beC. there will beD. there is2. He'll leave for Paris before you next week.A. will come backB. will be backC. come backD. came back3. Our ne

49、xt meeting on 1st December.A. has been heldB. will holdC. is to be heldD. is holding4. Where a will, there is a way.A. there will haveB. has been thereC. there isD. there has been5. It be Wednesday tomorrow.A. is going to B. will C. is about to D. is to九.過去將來時：should / would +動詞原形1 .表示從過去某個時刻看將要發(fā)生的動

50、作或狀態(tài). He said that they would meet me at the station.2 .此用法常用于間接引語中.測試精編：1. On television last night the newscaster announced that the leader on Saturday.A. is arrivingB. will arriveC. would be arrivedD. would arrive2. He told us that he would begin the dictation when we ready.A. will beB. would beC

51、. wereD. are3. My aunt to see us, she would be here soon.A. is corningB. was comingC. cameD. had came4. They would be given a new house if more the next year.A. will be builtB. would be builtC. are builtD. were built十.過去完成進行時：had been + 現(xiàn)在分詞表示過去某個時間之前一直在進行的動作. She said that she had been typing a pap

52、er before I came in. 比較：?. The girl had cleaned up the room, so it was tidy.?. The girl had been clearing up the room, so we had to wait outside.測試精編：1. It for four days when we arrived, so the roads were very muddy.A. was raining B. would be raining C. had been raining D. has rained2. He told us th

53、at he there since 1982.A. has been livingB. had been livingC. would have livedD. was living3. He had been learning English for 3 years before he came here and now.A. is still learningB. had been learning專業(yè).專注C. was still learningD. has been learning4. By the end of last week, he in the company for 1

54、0 years.A. had workedB. had been workingC. will have workedD. would have worked5. Not until then did people know that he important military information to the enemyfor a long time.A. sold B. would sell C. had sold D. had been sellingH一.將來進行時： shall / will be +現(xiàn)在分詞1 .表示將來某個時刻正在進行的動作：?. What will you

55、be doing this time tomorrow?R比較：1?. Tom won't cut the grass because he is afraid of being tired.說明意圖?. Tom won't be cutting the grass.無意圖、僅陳述事實2 .用將來進行時詢問別人的方案、打算比用一般將來時更顯禮貌.?. Will you be having supper with us this evening?3 .將來進行時表示對即將發(fā)生的動作的推測.?. She will be arriving at Shanghai tomorrow m

56、orning.?. The car will be going at the speed of 100 miles an hour.十二.過去將來進行時： should / would be +現(xiàn)在分詞表示從過去某時看將來某時正在進行的動作.?. He asked me what I should be doing when he came the next day.測試精編：1. Tomorrow, I the book all morning.A. am readingB. will be readingC. will readD. have read2. -"Can you attend the meeting tonight?" -"No,the manager about