中考英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)單詞和短語(yǔ)用法大總結(jié)

1、中考英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)單詞和短語(yǔ)用法大總結(jié)1 . cost / take / spend / pay 花費(fèi)花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事 ： It takes sb some time to do sth . = sb spend some time （in）doing sth .= sb spend some time on sth .某人花錢(qián)買(mǎi)某物 ： sb spend some money on sth .= sb pay some money for sth . = sth cost sb . some money . spend 和 pay 主語(yǔ)都是人， cost 主語(yǔ)是物。 spent 還可以指“度過(guò)” H

2、ow did you spend your weekend ？The sweater _ me 90 yuan . = I _ 90 yuan for the sweater.=I _ 90 yuan on the sweater .He spent lots of money _ the mobile phone .It _ her 20 minutes to go home every day . = He _ 20 minutes _ home every day .2 . thanks for為而感謝 _ inviting me to your birthday party .than

3、ks to 多虧/由于_ your help .I got good grades .3 . 感嘆句 ：多么 what + 名詞how + 形容詞 / 副詞 _ bad weather ！ _ hard he works ！_ fresh vegetables ！ _ cute a monkey it is ！4 . 因?yàn)?、由?： because（ 連詞 ） +從句： （ 表示原因 ）because of（介詞短語(yǔ)） + 名詞（短語(yǔ) ）= thanks to I didnt go to school _ I had a headache .He was late for class _ th

4、e bad weather .He cant come _ he is ill .Many people have a cold _ the cold weather .because和 so不能同時(shí)連用 。5 . 來(lái)自 ： be from = come from Where are you from ？ = Where _ you _ _ ？ He is from Tibet. = He _ _ Tibet.6 .How often 對(duì)頻率提問(wèn) （ 多久一次） 回答用表示頻率的副詞或短語(yǔ)How long 對(duì)一段時(shí)間提問(wèn) （多久 ） 回答用表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)How soon 對(duì)將來(lái)時(shí)間提問(wèn) （

5、 多久 ） 回答用 in+時(shí)間段How far 詢(xún)問(wèn)多長(zhǎng)距離（多長(zhǎng)）- _ have you been collecting the kites ？ -For ten years.- _ do you go shopping ？ -Sometimes. - _ will your father come back ？ - In two years.- _ do you exercise ？ - Once a week.- _ is it from your home to school ？ - About ten miles.- _ are you staying there ？ - Two

6、weeks.7 . 乘交通工具 ： take a / the +交通工具 在句中作謂語(yǔ)by+交通工具=on a 交通工具在句中作方式狀語(yǔ)交通工具有：train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane. He takes a bus to bank 。= He goes to bank by bus 。 = He goes to bank on a bus . I walk to school . = I go to school _ . 騎自行車(chē)、馬或驢用ride ： ride ones bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey in one

7、s car8 . 對(duì)不起 ： Excuse me （勞駕，客套話(huà) ）Sorry （ 表示道歉 ） _ .Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ？Would you mind cleaning your room ？ - _ . Ill do it right away.- Dont eat in class 。 - _ 。 Ms Clark . _ ， is this the way to the station ？9 . 聲音 ： sound （ 自然界各種聲音 ）noise（噪音）voice（悅耳的聲音：嗓子）Lucy has a sweet _ . That

8、 _ like a good idea.Dont make _ . The baby is sleeping.10 .look like （外貌看起來(lái)像 ）be like （ 性格像 ） Lily _ _ Lucy 。 Oh ， they are twins. Tony _ _ a monkey because he is cute and playful .11 . take to 帶去bringto 帶來(lái)fetch 沒(méi)有方向性（強(qiáng)調(diào)來(lái)回） Tony 。 _ the ball here 。Please. My father often _ me _ concerts on Sundays.

9、_ your homework _ school tomorrow.12. 一些 ： some 用于肯定句any 用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句 Id like _ milk. Would you like _ yogurt ？_ Thanks . I dont want _ . 在一般疑問(wèn)句中，認(rèn)為對(duì)方的答案會(huì)是肯定的，或期望得到對(duì)方肯定回答時(shí)，也用some。13. 多少 ： How many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)How much 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 _ juice do you want ？ _ apples do you want ？- _is the T-shirt ？ Its 30 yuan 。 How

10、much可對(duì)價(jià)錢(qián)提問(wèn)：How much are the potatoes ？14. 看 ：see 強(qiáng)調(diào)看的結(jié)果look （ at ） 不及物動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作watch 觀看：比賽、電視、表演、電影read 讀，朗讀：看書(shū)、看報(bào)、看信、看雜志Dont_ in bed. We will _ a basketball game this evening. Please _ the blackboard. Everyone. I _ a bird in the tree yesterday.On Saturday night. I saw an interesting talk show.On Sa

11、turday evening. several kids watched a movie. watch a movie =go to a movie15. stop doing sth 停止做某事 Please stop talking stop to do sth 停下來(lái)去做別的事 The girl soon stopped _ （cry ）. He was tired and stopped _ （have ） a rest.16. forget / remember后接不定式表示未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作：forget / remember to do sth（忘記/記得去做某事） He forgot

12、 to turn off the light.（沒(méi)有做關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作） Remember to go to the post office after et / remember 后接ving表示已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作：forget / remember doing sth（忘記/記得做過(guò)某事） He forgot turningoff the light 。（已做過(guò)關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作） Dont you remember seeing the man before ？17. 到達(dá) reach + 地點(diǎn)get to + 地點(diǎn) reach = get toarrive + in + 大地點(diǎn)arri

13、ve + at + 小地點(diǎn) He reached London yesterday . = He _ to London yesterday . = He _ in London yesterday. She arrived _ the bus station just now . You should _ （ get ） home on time. 當(dāng)get to和 arrive at /in后接地點(diǎn)副詞時(shí)，都不加介詞。如：get home get there 省略 to18. 擅長(zhǎng)，在方面做得好 ： be good at = do well in She is good at chemis

14、try . = She _ _ _ chemistry. Niuniu is good at _ the violin. = Niuniu _ well in _ the violin. Lucy and Lily are twin girls . Lucy is better _ dancing than Lily , but Lily _ _ in singing than Lucy.19. win （ 贏得 ）接a game、 war 、a match、 a prizebeat（ 打敗、戰(zhàn)勝 ）接運(yùn)動(dòng)員、球隊(duì)、對(duì)手等。 Which team _ the football match ？

15、Wang Hao _ Ma Lin and _ the champion of the Mens Singles.20. 借 borrow sth. from sb = borrow sb. sth 向某人借某物 borrow借入lend sth. to sb = lend sb. sth把某物借給某人 lend 借出keep延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 ，與一段時(shí)間連用。 Can you lend me your bike ？ = Can you _ your bike _ me ？ You can borrow some money _ your brother. = You can borrow your

16、brother _ _. - How long can I _ the book ？- You can _ it for two weeks. 類(lèi)似用法的還有：buy have put on wear become beleave be away from open be open begin be ondie be dead return be back become He has _ a doctor.He has _ a doctor for 10 years. begin The film has _.he film has _ for ten minutes.21.能，會(huì)。be ab

17、le to,can 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面都接動(dòng)詞原形。 We should _ able to finish the work tomorrow. I can _ （play） the guitar 。 He _ able to play chess.22. too many 太多 修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) I have too many rules in my house.too much 太多 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 Maybe you have too much yin.much too太 后跟形容詞或副詞原級(jí) This coat is much too expensive. Eating _ _ is bad

18、 for your health. Its _ _cold today. Youd better not go out.There are_ _ students in the hallways. Its dangerous.23. have / has been to 去過(guò)某地 He has been to Beijing. （現(xiàn)在不在北京）have / has gone to 去了某地 He has gone to Beijing. （現(xiàn)在可能在北京，或在去北京的途中）have/hasbeen in / at在某地I have ever _ _ America twice. He has

19、_ _ Beijing for ten years. Where is your brother ？- He_ _ to Hainan. _ you ever _ _ Disneyland ？24. used to do sth.過(guò)去常做某事 This river used to be very clean .be（get）used to doing sth.習(xí)慣于做某事 Im not used to getting up early.be used to do sth = be used for doing sth. 被用于做某事 Pens are used for writing. Xia

20、oGang _ _ _ afraid of the dark. Thebroom is _ _ clean the room. = The broom is _ _ cleaning the room. He _ _ _ living countryside 。There is fresh air and sweet well. Wood _ _ _ making paper.25. belong to + 名詞 / 人稱(chēng)代詞賓格 （屬于）be + 名詞所有格 / 名詞性物主代詞 （是）It must _ Nings .= It must _ Ning. The pencil must be

21、_ （my） . = The pencil must belong to _ （my）. This ball _ to me .= This ball is _.26. cant 不可能 0表示推測(cè)、判斷 could/might 也許、可能 50 80must 肯定、一定 100 The CD _ belong to Tony . because he likes listening to music. The notebook _ be mine . It has my name on it. The toy _ be my grandpa . After all .He is an old

22、 man .27. be made from （由制成）看不出原材料be made of （由制成）看得出原材料 The table _ _ _ wood. Paper _ _ _ wood.28. prefer to do sth 寧愿做某事prefer sth 。 to sth 。 喜歡而不喜歡prefer doing sth 。 to doing sth 。 喜歡做而不喜歡做 I prefer _ （swim） to _ （play） balls. He _ fish to beef. I prefer to _ （walk） to work.29. 一些表示人的情感或情緒的形容詞 ：

23、ed 修飾人ing 修飾物 I want to go somewhere _ （relaxing/relaxed）. She is _ in this _ history story .（interesting/interested ） interesting（有趣的） interested（感興趣的） tiring（累人的） tired（累的，疲倦的）boring （令人無(wú)聊的） bored（無(wú)聊的）exciting（令人興奮的） excited（激動(dòng)的）surprising（令人驚訝的） surprised（驚訝的）relaxing（令人放松的） relaxed（放松的）embarrass

24、ing （令人尷尬的；令人為難的） embarrassed （尷尬的；為難的）30. the number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)（的數(shù)量）作主語(yǔ)， 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。a number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) （許多、一些）= many The number of students in our class_ 80. _ number of students are in Helin Middle School.31. for + 一段時(shí)間since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)/過(guò)去時(shí)的句子 We have been studying English _ three years. He has been staying h

25、ere _ he was five years old . We havent seen each other _ ten years ago. for和 since 可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換。如：Jenny has been collecting coins for several years . = Jenny has been collecting coins since several years _.32. 除之外 except （不包括在內(nèi)） Everyone could answer this question except Jim .besides （包括在內(nèi)）There are thre

26、e girls besides me. We all passed the exam _ Li Yang. Many other students like basketball _ Guo Xiaojun.33. already 用于肯定句中（已經(jīng)）yet 用于疑問(wèn)句末（已經(jīng)）用于否定句末（還） Have you seen the film _ ？ I havent locked the door _. Mom has _ watered the flowers.34. 否定祈使句 Dont + v.No + v.ing / n. Dont smoke here. = _ _ here. D

27、ont take photos. = _ _.35. 也 too 放肯定句末和疑問(wèn)句末Do you play soccer every day ， too ？either 放否定句末also 放肯定句中 also放在實(shí)意動(dòng)詞前，be之后. She is a girl. I am a girl ,_ . He _ likes collecting things . Lily doesnt like junk food . Her good friend doesnt like it,_. - I like soap operas, I do ， _. - I cant watch TV on s

28、chool nights, I cant ， _.36. be strict with sb. 對(duì)某人要求嚴(yán)格be strict in sth. 對(duì)某事要求嚴(yán)格Miss Zhang _ _ _ her work and she _ _ _ her students.37. 需要做某事 need to do sth 主語(yǔ)是人need doing sth 主語(yǔ)是物 The classroom _ cleaning. Its too dirty. Children _ to sleep a lot. Its very hot and dry. You need _（wear）cool clothes

29、 and the flowers need _ （water).38. through 介詞： 從內(nèi)部穿過(guò) （park）across 介詞：從表面穿過(guò)cross 動(dòng)詞（road, street,bridge） Be careful when you _ the street. The manwent_ the forest. The train goes _ the tunnel（隧道).He swam _ the river. We drove _ the desert （沙漠）. Take a walk _ the park on Center Avenue.39. Why dont yo

30、u do sth = Why not do sth.提建議的方式 How /what about doing sth.Lets do sth. Why dont you have a cup of tea ？ = _ _ have a cup of tea ？ Lets _ （go） out for a walk . How about _ （practice） conversations ？40. So + 助/系/情態(tài) + 主語(yǔ) 表示肯定意義（也是如此）Neither + 助/系/情態(tài) + 主語(yǔ) 表示否定意義（也不） 它們都屬于倒裝句。 My mother didnt go to scho

31、ol. _ _ my father. James comes from theUSA . _ _ Tom. My pen pal can speak Japanese. _ _ I. = Me _. My sister isnt outgoing. _ _ I. = Me _.41. both 兩者都all三者或三者以上都 The twins _ are good students. There are lots of colorful flowers on _ sides of the streets. There are five people in my family. We _ lik

32、e playing sports. My parents _ love us. We are very happy.42. alone 單獨(dú)，獨(dú)自一人 He is alone at home.lonely 孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的。有一定的感情色彩 He lives a lonely life in the country. Sometimes he feels quite _ because he has no friends. She lives _ in that large house.43 in the tree 外來(lái)的I saw a cat in the tree.on the tree 長(zhǎng)

33、在樹(shù)上的There are many apples on the tree. How many monkeys can you see _ the tree ？ There are a lot of bananas_ the tree.44. in the wall 指在墻體內(nèi)on the wall 指在墻體表面 There is a map _ the wall. There is a door _ the wall.45. on the bed 指物品在床上My bag is on the bed.in bed 指人躺在床上Lily is ill in bed. There is a ja

34、cket _. I have to be _ by ten oclock.46. 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：so和such（如此以至于）so是副詞，后接adj和adv 。句型：so+adj/adv+that從句He worked so hard that he got the first prize.so+adj+a（n）+n.+that從句 = such+a（n）+adj+n。+that從句That was so interesting a story that I read it twice. = That was such an interesting story that I read it

35、twice.such是形容詞，后接n.句型：such+a（n）+adj+n.+that從句He is such a hard-working student that all the teachers love him.such+pl./不可數(shù)n+that從句It is such good weather that we can go swimming. He runs _fast _ we cancatch him . Lili is _a kind girl _we all love her. Tom is _ a clever boy that he can answer the que

36、stion.= Tom is _ clever a boy that he can answer the question. The box is _ heavy _ I cant carry it. 在名詞前有many / much / few / little這些詞修飾時(shí)，要用sothat 。sothat句型的否定形式可用簡(jiǎn)單句tooto或notenough to代替。如：He is so young that he cant go to school.= He is too young to go to school.= He is not old enough to go to sch

37、ool.47. 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 ：when + 延續(xù)性/短暫性動(dòng)詞When I was watching TV ， he came in. = When he came in ， I was watching TV.while+延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（多用進(jìn)行時(shí)）While I was in Shanghai ，I visited him . _ he was sleeping . Someone knocked at the door .= He was sleeping _ someone knocked at the door. _ the boy heard his mothers voice

38、， he stopped crying. My mother was cooking _ I was doing my homework.48. at the age of 和 when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可以互換.I began to play football when I was five years old . = I began to play football _ _ _ five.49. instead 放句首、句末instead of + n/pron/ving = rather than I will go to see her _ you . He doesnt like be

39、er. give him coke _. We often sing English song _ reading aloud.50. be famous as （作為而知名） as + 職業(yè)/身份/地位Yi Yuchun is famous as a super girl.be famous for （以而著名） for + 出名的原因Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake. Li Bai is famous _ a poet. Jackie Chan ia famous _ his action movies. France ia famous _its

40、fine food and wine.51. 看起來(lái)像是似乎/好像 （sb/sth） seems to do sthIt seems that +從句 It _ _ he feels very sad. = He _ _ _ very sad. She seems to want to have a drink. = _ _ that she _ to have a drink.52. “疑問(wèn)詞 + 動(dòng)詞不定式” 與“賓語(yǔ)從句”的互換 I will show you where you should go . = I will show you _ _ _. Idont know what t

41、o do . = I dont know what _ . A should I do B I should do Could you tell me how I can get to Summer Palace ？= Could you tell me how _ _ _ Summer Palace ？ 賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)該用陳述語(yǔ)序。如：Could you please tell me _ _ _ _ （天氣如何）in Chongqi ？53. 問(wèn)題/難題 question 由于疑惑不解而提出的問(wèn)題，多和ask / answer搭配使用.problem指有待解決的較難的問(wèn)題或物理/數(shù)學(xué)方面的題等，

42、多與solve / work out 搭配. Please answer my _ in English. I cant work out this maths _. This is a difficult _ to answer.54. family家/家庭（強(qiáng)調(diào)家庭成員，與居住的房子無(wú)關(guān)）My family are kind people.home 家（指人出生或居住的地方，帶有一定感情色彩）Welcome to my home.house 房子/住宅（居住的建筑物）They moved to their new house last year. How many people are there in your _？ I want to save money and buy a big _. I love Chengdu ， I looked Chengdu as my _.55. in front of （在前面） 在某一范圍以外的前面There is a tall tree in front of our classroom .in the front of （在前部） 在某一范圍內(nèi)的前面Two personsa