職稱英語考試理工類B級模擬題(二)

1、職稱英語考試理工類B級模擬題（二） 第一部分：詞匯選擇（第1-15題，每題1分，共15分） 下面共有15句子，每個句子均有一個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請從每個句子后面所給的四個選項中選擇一個與劃線部分意義最相近的詞或短語。答案一律涂在答題卡相應的位置上。 1We have to ask them to quit talking in order that all people present could hear us clearly. A) decrease B)cease C) continue D)keep 2.The Klondike was the scene of one of the

2、 biggest gold rushes the world has ever known. A) location B)view C) event D)landscape 3. She has been the subject of massive media coverage. A) extensive B) negative C) expensive D)active 4.The conference explored the possibility of closer trade links. A) rejected B) investigated C)proposed D)postp

3、oned 5. The sea was calm and still. A) quite B)quiet C) yet D)rough 6. In a bullfight, it is the movement, not the color, of objects that arouses the bull. A) confuses B)excites C) scares D)satisfies 7. The committee comprises five persons. A) absorbs B)concerns A) excludes D)involves 8. All the peo

4、ple assembled at Marys house. A) collected B)fixed C) asserted D)assist 9. We derive knowledge mainly from books A)deprive B) obtain C) descend D)trace 10.We all consider him a man of dynamic personalities. A)dangerous B) doubtful C)active D)easy 11 We should never content ourselves with a little bo

5、ok knowledge only. A) convince B)satisfy C) comfort D) benefit 12 We should contemplated the problem from all sides A) deliberated B)thought C) described D) designed 13 His health had deteriorated while he was in prison. A) became better B)became worse C) became stronger D) became weaker 14 I meant

6、to give you this book today, but I forgot. A) intended to B)tended to C) extended to D) pretended to 15 As a matter of fact， I love soft music more than popular music. A) basically B)probably C) actually D) accurately 第二部分：閱讀判斷（每題1分，共7分） 閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了七個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內容對每個句子作出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請在答題卡上把A涂黑；

7、如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請在答題卡上把B涂黑；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請在答題卡上把C涂黑 El Nino（厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象） While some forecasting methods had limited SUCCESS predicting the 1997 E1 Nino a few months in advance, the Columbia University researchers say their method call predict large El Nino events up to two years in advance. That would be go

8、od news for governments, farmers and others seeking to plan for the droughts and heavy rainfull that El Nino can produce in various parts of the world. Using a computer the researchers matched sea-surface temperatures to later El Nino occurrences between 1980 and 2000 and were then able to anticipat

9、e El Nino events dating back to 1857, using prior sea-surface temperatures. The results were reports in the latest issue of the journal Nature. The researchers say their method is not perfect, but Bryan CWearea meteorologist at the University of California, Davis，who was not involved in the work，sai

10、d it“suggestsE1 Nino is indeed predictable” “This will probably convince others to search around more for even better methods”said WeareHe added that the new method“makes it possible to predict El Nino at 1ong lead times” Other models also use sea-surface temperatures, but they have not looked as fa

11、r back because they need other data，which is only available for recent decades，Weare said The ability to predict the warming and cooling of the Pacitic is of immense importanceThe 1997 El Nino，for example，caused an estimated$20 billion in damage worldwide，offset by beneficial effects in other areas，

12、said David Anderson，of the European Centre for MediumRange Weather Forecasts in Reading EnglandThe 1877 El Nino，meanwhile，coincided with a failure of the Indian monsoon and a famine that killed perhaps 40 million in India and Cmpting the development of seasonal forecasting，Anderson said When

13、 El Nino hit in 199 1 and 1997200 million people were affected by flooding in China aloneaccording to a 2002 United Nations report While predicting smaller E1 Nino events remains trickythe ability to predict larger ones should be increased to at least a year if the new method is confirmed E1 Nino te

14、nds to develop between April and June and reaches its peak between December and FebruaryThe warming tends to last between 9 and 1 2 months and occurs every two to seven years The new forecasting method does not predict any major El Nino events in the next two years, although a weak warming toward th

15、e end of this year is possible E1 Nino n厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象 Equatorial adj赤道的 Occurrence n發(fā)生 Meteorologist n氣象學家 Offset v抵銷 Lead adj提前的 Monsoon n季風 Tricky adj難以捉摸的 練習： 1The method used by the Columbia University researchers can predict E1 Nino a few months in advance ARight BWrong CNot mentioned 2. The Columbia

16、University researchers studied the relationship between the past EI Nino occurrences and seasurface temperatures ARight BWrong CNot mentioned 3. The Columbia University researchers are the first to use sea-surface temperatures to match the past EI Nino occurrences ARight BWrong CNot mentioned 4. Wea

17、res contribution in predicting E1 Nino，was highly praised by other meteorologists ARight BWrong CNot mentioned 5. According to a Chinese report，the flooding in China caused by E1 Nino in 1 99 1 and 1 997 affected 200 million Chinese people Aright BWrong CNot mentioned 6. It takes about eight months

18、for El Nino to reach its peak Aright BWrong CNot mentioned 7. A special institute has been set up in America to study E1 Nino ARight BWrong CNot mentioned 第三部分：概括大意與完成句子 （每題1分，共8分） 閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項測試任務：（1）1-4 題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2-5 段每段選擇1個正確的小標題；（2）第5-8題要求從所給的6個選項中選擇4個正確的選項，分別完成每個句子。請將答案涂在答題卡相應的位置上。 Soot

19、and Snow：a Hot Combination l New research from NASA scientists suggests emissions of black soot alter the way sunlight reflects off snowAccording to a computer simulation，black soot may be responsible for 25 percent of observed global warming over the past century 2 Soot in the higher latitudes of t

20、he Earth。where ice is more common，absorbs more of the suns energy and warmth than an icy, white backgroundDark-colored black carbon，or soot，absorbs sunlight，while lighter colored ice reflects sunlight 3 Soot in areas with snow and ice may play all important role in climate changeAls0，if snow and ice

21、 covered areas begin melting。the warming effect increases，as the soot becomes more concentrated on the snow surface“This provides a positive feedback，as glaciers and ice sheet smelt,they tend to get even dirtier,” said DrJames Hansen，a researcher at NASAs Goddard Institute for Space Studies，NewYork

22、4 Hansen found soots effect on snow albedo(solar energy reflected back to space)，which may be contributing to trends toward early springs in the Northern Hemisphere，such as thinning Arctic sea ice，melting glaciers and permafrostSoot also is believed to play a role in changes in the atmosphere above

23、the oceans and land 5 “Black carbon reduces the amount of energy reflected by snow back into space，thus heating the snow surface more than if there were no black carbon，”Hansen saidSoots increased absorption of solar energy is especially effective in warming the worlds climate. “This forcing is unus

24、ually effective，causing twice as much global warming as a carbondioxide forcing of the same magnitude，”Hansen noted 6 Hansen cautionedalthough the role of soot in altering global climate is substantial，it does not alter the fact that greenhouse gases are the primary cause of climate warming during t

25、he past centurySuch gases are expected to be the largest climate forcing f10r也e rest of this century 7 The researchers found that observed warming in the Northern Hemisphere was 1arge in the winter and spring at middle and high latitudesThese observations were consistent with the researchers climate

26、 model simulations，which showed some of the largest warming effects occurred when there were heavy snow cover and sufficient sunlight 詞匯： soot n煤煙，煤灰 emission n釋放，散發(fā)，排放 simulation v模擬 latitude n緯度 glacier n冰川，冰河 albedo n反照率 permafrost n永凍層 forcing n溫室作用 dioxide n二氧化物 magnitude n量，大小 練習： 1Paragraph 3

27、_ 2Paragraph 4_ 3Paragraph 6_ 4Paragraph 7_ 5In the twentieth century，soot_ 6Hansen cautioned that greenhouse gases_ 7. Black soot covered snow and ice_ 8A soot forcing is unusually effective，which_ 第四部分：閱讀理解（每題3分，共45分） 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4個選項。請仔細閱讀短文并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問題，從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案涂在答題卡相應的位置上。 第1篇

28、 Common-cold Sense You cant beat it，but you dont have to join itMaybe it got the name “common cold” because its more common in winterThe fact is，though，being cold doesnt have anything to do with getting one 3Colds are caused by the spread of rhinoviruses，and，at least SO far，medical science is better

29、 at telling you how to avoid getting one than how to get rid of one Children are the most common way cold viruses are spread to adults，because they have more colds than adults an average of about eight per yearWhy do kids seem SO much more easily to get colds than their parents? SimpleThey havent ha

30、d the opportunity to become immune to many cold viruses There are more than 1 50 different cold viruses，and you never have the same one twiceBeing infected by one makes you immune to it but only it Colds are usually spread by direct contact，not sneezing or coughingFrom another persons hand to your h

31、and and then to your nose or eyes is the most common route。The highest concentration of cold viruses anywhere is found under the thumbnails of a boy，although the viruses Can survive for hours on skin or other smooth surfaces Hygiene is your best defenseWash your hands frequentlypreferably with a dis

32、infectant soap，especially when children in your household have colds But even careful hygiene wont ward off。every coldSo，what works when a coughing，sneezing，runny nose strikes? The old prescription of two aspirins，lots of water，and bed rest is a good place to startBut you11 also find some of the fol

33、k remediesworth WingHot mixtures of sugar(or honey)，lemon，and water have real benefits 詞匯： rhinovirus n鼻病毒 virus n病毒 immune adj免疫的，有免疫力的 preferably adv更可取地，更好地 disinfectant n消毒劑，殺菌劑 prescription n(1)訣竅(2)處方，藥方 infect vt傳染，侵染，感染 sneeze vi打噴嚏 remedy n治療，治療法，藥品 thumbnail n拇指甲 1.Accordingtothe essay，you

34、 may have a cold because A)the weather is too cold B)the spread of rhinoviruses gets people infected C)another persons coughing passes the cold to you D)you wash your hands too often 2.The best way to keep yourself from getting colds is A)to keep yourself clean B)to use a disinfectant soap C)to take

35、 two aspirins every day D)to drink lots of water 3.Children have more colds because A)they are usually infected about eight times each year B)they are not immune to many cold viruses yet C)they never wash their hands So that their thumbnails are dirty D)they dont 1ike eating lemon 4When you are havi

36、ng a cold, A)it is always the same kind of cold that you had last time B)it may be the same kind of cold that you had last time C)it is certainly not the same kind of cold that you had last time D)it is probably not the same kind of cold that you had last time 5When one is having a cold, he may ofte

37、n have a11 the following symptoms EXCEPT A)coughing B)having a sore throat C)having a runny nose D)having a stomachache 第2篇 Urban Rainforest On the west side of the island of Manhattan in New Y0rk City，tree by tree，leaf by leaf, a 2,500 square foot sector of the Central African Republics Dzanga Ndok

38、i Rainforest has been transported to，or recreated at，the American Museum of Natural Historys new hall of biodiversityWhen the hall opens this May, visitors will visit one of the worlds biggest and most accurate reproduction of one of natures most threatened creations To bring the rainforest to New Y

39、0rka team of nearly two dozen scientiststhe largest collecting expedition the museum has ever organised for an exhibit spent five weeks in the African rainforest collecting soil，plants，and leaves；recording and documenting species；studying trees；shooting videotape and still photos；and interviewing lo

40、cal people“This area has been explored very little,” says Hoel Cracraft who estimates that the museum will eventually collect 150 to 180 mammals，more than 300 species of birds，hundreds of butterflies，and hundreds of thousands，if not 111illions，of organismsThe exhibition may even have produced a spec

41、ial prize - scientists suspect they have uncovered several new species To give the forest a sense of realness，the back wall of the exhibit is an enormous videoscreen，sounds will come out from hidden speakersand plans even call for forest smellsComputer controls will vary the effects so that no two w

42、alkthroughs will ever be exactly the same After the team returned to New Yorkthe forest was reproduced with the help of the computer Computer modelling programmes plotted distances and special relationshipsArtists studied photos and brought what they saw to 1ifePlaster trees were madeRecreated anima

43、ls began to stand in the rainforest of the hallFlying creatures will hang from the ceilingThe 1ight in the forestone of the exhibits cleverest re-creationswill seem realLong tube 1ights will have the correct colour and temperature to produce a natural effectThe plants and animals exhibited throughou

44、t the hall exist naturally in a perfect balanceremove oneand the whole is imperfect if not endangeredThe exhibit is proof to the hope that the worlds rainforests will never exist solely as a carefully preserved artifact 詞匯： biodiversity n生物多樣性 document v紀實性地描述 mammal n哺乳類動物 organism n微生物 exhibit n展品

45、 walkthrough n開拍前的排練，預排 plot v為設定 plaster n熟石膏 artifact n人工制品 1 What is this passage mainly about? A) The history of the American Museum of Natural History B)The reproduction of the rainforest at a New York museum C)Visitors interest in the rainforest reproduction at a New York museum D)Saving rainf

46、orests in the Central African Republic 2How did the museum collect the data in the Central African Republic? A)It sent a large team of scientists there B)It cooperated with many African scientists C)It recruited local people to collect mammals，etc D)It sent cameramen to shoot videotapes 3To give the

47、 forest a sense of realnessall the following are used EXCEPT that A)hidden loudspeakers are used to produce forest sound B)a huge videoscreen is put up on the back wall C)special equipment is employed to produce forest smells D)the forest is surrounded by front and back walls 4What is the main theme

48、 of the last paragraph? A)The layout of the rainforest exhibition B)The balance between animals and plants C)The clever design of lighting D)Preservation of the rainforest exhibition as an artifact 5What does the last sentence of the passage most probably mean? A)The rainforest in the Central Africa

49、n Republic will be preserved forever B)The well-designed exhibit will be preserved as an artifact C)The exhibit reflects the hope that natural rainforests will be well preserved D)The exhibit of the rainforest in the museum is the sole one in the world 第3篇 Credit Card Only Works When Spoken to A cre

50、dit card that will not work unless it hears its owners voice could become an important Weapon in the fight against fraud The card requires users to give a spoken password that it recognizes using a built-in voicerecognition chipThe idea is to prevent thieves using a stolen card or fraudsters using s

51、omeone elses credit card details to buy goods online。 A prototype built by engineers at Beepcard in Santa Monica，California，represents the first attempt to pack a microphone，a loud speaker, a battery and a voice-recognition chip into a standardsized credit card They are not quite there yet：the card is the length and width of an ordinary credit card，but it is still about three times as thickAlan Sege，Beepcards CEO，says the company now plans to use smaller chips to slim it down to normal thickness T