Units11-12語法動詞語態(tài)及練習(xí)

1、1. 1.注意短語動詞的被動語態(tài)注意短語動詞的被動語態(tài), ,介副詞不能丟介副詞不能丟 1) The old man was often laughed at.1) The old man was often laughed at. 2)The plan will be given up. 2)The plan will be given up. 3)The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible. 3)The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible.2.g

2、et+2.get+過去分詞可以表示被動過去分詞可以表示被動, ,此結(jié)構(gòu)比較口語化此結(jié)構(gòu)比較口語化 1)The patient got treated once a week.1)The patient got treated once a week. 2)He got paid in the company by the hour. 2)He got paid in the company by the hour.3. 3.主動形式表示被動意義主動形式表示被動意義系動詞系動詞look, sound, feel, smell, look, sound, feel, smell, taste, a

3、ppear, seem,go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get, taste, appear, seem,go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get, grow, keep+grow, keep+形容詞形容詞/ /名詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)名詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu). 1)The steel feels cold. . 1)The steel feels cold. 2)It has gone bad. 3)Food can keep fresh in a fridge.2)It has gone bad. 3)Food can ke

4、ep fresh in a fridge.1.The cake _ very sweet. Look! The child is tasting the cake 1.The cake _ very sweet. Look! The child is tasting the cake _._.A.tastes, carefully B.is tasted, carefully C.tastes, careful A.tastes, carefully B.is tasted, carefully C.tastes, careful D.is tasted, carefulD.is tasted

5、, careful2.As it happened, their plan _ to be wrong.2.As it happened, their plan _ to be wrong.A.proved B.was proved C.has proved D.proveA.proved B.was proved C.has proved D.proveA AA A(2)(2)表示開始表示開始, ,結(jié)束結(jié)束, ,運動的動詞運動的動詞, ,如如begin, finish, start,begin, finish, start,open, close, stop, end, shut,run,m

6、oveopen, close, stop, end, shut,run,move等等1)Work began at 7 oclock this morning.1)Work began at 7 oclock this morning.2)The shop closes at 6 p.m. every day.2)The shop closes at 6 p.m. every day.1.Because the clothes shop _, all the clothes are sold at 1.Because the clothes shop _, all the clothes ar

7、e sold at half price.half price.A.is closing B.has closed C,closed D.will closeA.is closing B.has closed C,closed D.will close2.Come and help ! The window _.2.Come and help ! The window _.A.isnt opened B.wont open A.isnt opened B.wont open C.doesnt open D.not openC.doesnt open D.not openA AB B(3)(3)

8、表示主語的某種屬性特征的動詞表示主語的某種屬性特征的動詞. .如如read, write,act, read, write,act, cut, draw, drive, sell, wash, clean, wear,open, cook, cut, draw, drive, sell, wash, clean, wear,open, cook, lock, shut, dry, eat, drink. lock, shut, dry, eat, drink.這類動詞一般不單獨使用這類動詞一般不單獨使用, , 常有一個修飾語常有一個修飾語 1)This coat 1)This coat dri

9、es easilydries easily. . 2)Nylon 2)Nylon cleans easilycleans easily. . 3)The door wont 3)The door wont locklock. . 4)His new pen 4)His new pen writes smoothlywrites smoothly. . 5)Your speech 5)Your speech reads wellreads well. . 6)The material has 6)The material has worn thinworn thin. . 7)The book

10、7)The book sells wellsells well. . 8)The bolt（門閂）（門閂） wont catch（鉤住）（鉤?。? 9)The plan worked out wonderfully. 10)The engine wont start. 11)The cloth washes well.(4)(4)少數(shù)動詞用于進(jìn)行時少數(shù)動詞用于進(jìn)行時, ,其主動形式表示被動含義其主動形式表示被動含義, , 如如print, cook, fry, hang, build, make.print, cook, fry, hang, build, make. The books ar

11、e printing. The books are printing. The meat is cooking. The meat is cooking.( (5)5)介詞介詞in , on ,underin , on ,under等加名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語表示被動意義等加名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語表示被動意義. .表示方位的介詞與含動作意義的名詞合用表示方位的介詞與含動作意義的名詞合用, ,含被動之意含被動之意, ,其其意義相當(dāng)于該名詞相應(yīng)動詞的被動形式意義相當(dāng)于該名詞相應(yīng)動詞的被動形式, ,名詞前一般不用名詞前一般不用冠詞冠詞. .常見的有常見的有: : under control, under trea

12、tment, under repair, under under control, under treatment, under repair, under discussion, under construction, beyond beliefdiscussion, under construction, beyond belief難以置難以置信信, beyond ones control ,beyond ones reach, , beyond ones control ,beyond ones reach, beyond our hope, for sale beyond our ho

13、pe, for sale 待售，出售待售，出售 ， for rent,for rent,in print, in sight =can be seen, on sale in sight =can be seen, on sale 減價減價, , 上市，在銷售上市，在銷售on on showshow展出展出, on trial , on trial 試用試用 , , out of control, out of sight, out of control, out of sight, out of ones reach, out of fashion/ in fashion out of on

14、es reach, out of fashion/ in fashion 1)The rumor is beyond belief.(=cant be believed) 1)The rumor is beyond belief.(=cant be believed) 2)That house is for sale.(=that house is to be sold.) 2)That house is for sale.(=that house is to be sold.) 4. “4. “被動被動”表示主動的含義表示主動的含義, ,其實嚴(yán)格地講這已是系表結(jié)構(gòu)其實嚴(yán)格地講這已是系表結(jié)構(gòu)

15、be determined, be pleased, be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), be occupied (in/with) , be graduated (from), be occupied (in/with) , be finished, be prepared (for), be finished, be prepared (for), get married, be devoted (to), get married, be devoted (to), 1)He He is graduatedis graduated

16、 from a famous university. from a famous university. 2)He 2)He got marriedgot married to a rich girl. to a rich girl. 3) I 3) I am determinedam determined to catch up with my classmates to catch up with my classmates in my maths study. in my maths study. 4) She 4) She is occupiedis occupied in colle

17、cting stamps(with the stamps). in collecting stamps(with the stamps). 5) My father 5) My father is devotedis devoted to his work all his life. to his work all his life.5. 5.若賓語補足語是不帶若賓語補足語是不帶to to 的不定式，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，的不定式，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時， 該不定式前要加該不定式前要加“to”to”。此類動詞為感官動詞和使役動。此類動詞為感官動詞和使役動詞詞. .feel, hear, help, list

18、en to, look at, make, observe, see, feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch , make, notice, watch , make, have, let have, let , , 這兩個一般不用于被動語態(tài)這兩個一般不用于被動語態(tài) 1)He was seen to play football on the playground.He was seen to play football on the playground. 2)I was made to

19、drink the whole glass of beer. 2)I was made to drink the whole glass of beer. 3)He lets me swim. I am allowed to swim. 3)He lets me swim. I am allowed to swim.6. 6.不能用于被動語態(tài)的及物動詞或動詞短語不能用于被動語態(tài)的及物動詞或動詞短語 let, fit , have, cost, agree with, arrive at/in,let, fit , have, cost, agree with, arrive at/in, sh

20、ake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to1.He wished to make his sister _ to him, but in the end, 1.He wished to make his sister _ to him, but in the end, he was made

21、 _ to his sister. he was made _ to his sister. A.listen, listen B.to listen , listen A.listen, listen B.to listen , listen C.to listen, to listen D. listen, to listen C.to listen, to listen D. listen, to listenD D 1)The key just fits the lock. 1)The key just fits the lock. 2)Your story agrees with w

22、hat has already been heard. 2)Your story agrees with what has already been heard.7. 7. 系動詞無被動語態(tài)：系動詞無被動語態(tài)： appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn sound, stay, tast

23、e, turn It sounds good.It sounds good.8. 8. 帶同源賓語的及物動詞，反身代詞，相互代詞，帶同源賓語的及物動詞，反身代詞，相互代詞， 不能用于被動語態(tài)：不能用于被動語態(tài)： die adie a death, dream a death, dream a dream, dream, live a live a life fight a life fight a battle battle1)She dreamed a bad dream last night.1)She dreamed a bad dream last night. 2)We live a

24、 happy life now. 2)We live a happy life now. 3)They fought a fierce battle that night. 3)They fought a fierce battle that night.9. 9. 當(dāng)賓語是不定式時，很少用于被動語態(tài)。當(dāng)賓語是不定式時，很少用于被動語態(tài)。 ( (對對) She likes to swim.) She likes to swim. ( (錯錯) To swim is liked by her.) To swim is liked by her.10.表據(jù)信，相信的詞組，常用被動語態(tài)表據(jù)信，相信的

25、詞組，常用被動語態(tài) believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand It is said that 據(jù)說據(jù)說 It is reported that 據(jù)報道據(jù)報道 It is believed that大家相信大家相信 It is hoped that大家希望大家希望 It is well known that 眾所周知眾所周知 It is thought that大家認(rèn)為大家認(rèn)為 It is suggested that據(jù)建議據(jù)建議 It is taken for

26、granted that 被視為被視為當(dāng)然當(dāng)然 It has been decided that 大家決定大家決定 It must be remembered that務(wù)必記住的是務(wù)必記住的是 It is said that she will leave for Wuhan on TuesdayIt is said that she will leave for Wuhan on Tuesday1. 1.After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment_After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot o

27、f equipment_ A.is damaged B. had damaged A.is damaged B. had damaged C. damaged D. was damaged C. damaged D. was damaged2. 2._my sister three times today but her line was always _my sister three times today but her line was always busy.busy. A.Id phoned B. I ve been phoning A.Id phoned B. I ve been

28、phoning C.I ve phoned D. I was phoning C.I ve phoned D. I was phoning3. 3.In the last few years, a few more theme parks _ in In the last few years, a few more theme parks _ in our cities. our cities. A.have opened B.had been opened A.have opened B.had been opened C. have been opened D.were opened C.

29、 have been opened D.were opened4.Those books which _ often _well.4.Those books which _ often _well.A.A.are well received; are soldare well received; are soldB.B.are well received; sellare well received; sellC.C.well received; sellwell received; sellD.D.were received; sellwere received; sell5.China s

30、ent up Shenzhou V spaceship into space5.China sent up Shenzhou V spaceship into spacesuccessfully, which shows science and technologysuccessfully, which shows science and technology_rapidly in China._rapidly in China.A.A.have been developinghave been developingB.B.developsdevelopsC.C.is developingis

31、 developingD.D.has developedhas developed6.With the development of science, more new technology6.With the development of science, more new technology _to the fields of IT. _to the fields of IT. A. has introduced B. is being introduced A. has introduced B. is being introduced C. is introduced D. was

32、introduced C. is introduced D. was introduced 7. 7. -why is the librarian looking so hard at me? -why is the librarian looking so hard at me? -you _ to read aloud in the reading room. -you _ to read aloud in the reading room.A.A.dont suppose B. havent supposeddont suppose B. havent supposedC. are no

33、t supposed D. are not supposingC. are not supposed D. are not supposing8. 8.-Peter , you _the window quickly, will you?-Peter , you _the window quickly, will you?-OK! Oh! The window_ broken.-OK! Oh! The window_ broken.A.A.shut; is B. will shut; has beenshut; is B. will shut; has beenC. are shutting;

34、 was D. have shut; hasC. are shutting; was D. have shut; has9. 9.-Look! What a mistake! Why?-Look! What a mistake! Why? -sorry, I _ on it. -sorry, I _ on it.A. dont concentrateA. dont concentrateB. hadnt concentratedB. hadnt concentratedC. hadnt been concentratingC. hadnt been concentratingD. wasnt

35、concentratingD. wasnt concentrating10.10.The heros story_ differently in the newspapers.The heros story_ differently in the newspapers.A. was reported B. was reporting C. reports D. reportedA. was reported B. was reporting C. reports D. reported11.-when will you go for a picnic?11.-when will you go

36、for a picnic? -we _ until the weather picks up a bit. -we _ until the weather picks up a bit.A.A.wait B. are waiting C. have waited D. waitedwait B. are waiting C. have waited D. waited12.12.He _ he would be able to leave tomorrow, but nowHe _ he would be able to leave tomorrow, but now its beginnin

37、g to look difficult. its beginning to look difficult.A. hopes B. hoped C. had hoped D. was hopingA. hopes B. hoped C. had hoped D. was hoping13.13.The right answers can be obtained only if the rightThe right answers can be obtained only if the right questions_. questions_.A. have asked B. asked C. t

38、o be asked D. are askedA. have asked B. asked C. to be asked D. are asked14.14.-do you usually watch TV in the evening?-do you usually watch TV in the evening? -I d rather read than watch TV; it seems that the -I d rather read than watch TV; it seems that the programmes_ worse all the time. programm

39、es_ worse all the time.A. were getting B. have got C. are getting D. gotA. were getting B. have got C. are getting D. got15.15. -we should pay more attention to these -we should pay more attention to these social problems and take care of the children. social problems and take care of the children.

40、-nothing wrong, but I mean actions _louder -nothing wrong, but I mean actions _louder than words. than words. A. are speaking B. will speak A. are speaking B. will speak C. have spoken D. speak C. have spoken D. speak16.16.Long ago, the CLA and the other US intelligenceLong ago, the CLA and the othe

41、r US intelligence Officials concluded that Bin Laden _ the day-to-day Officials concluded that Bin Laden _ the day-to-day leader of the terrorist organization he founded over leader of the terrorist organization he founded over 10 years ago. 10 years ago. A. was stopped being B. had stopped to be A.

42、 was stopped being B. had stopped to be C. have stopped being D. had stopped being C. have stopped being D. had stopped being17.17. clothes made of this material_ comfortably, clothes made of this material_ comfortably, but_ easily. but_ easily. A. wear; arent washed A. wear; arent washed B. are wor

43、n; dont wash B. are worn; dont wash C. wear; dont wash C. wear; dont wash D. are worn; arent washed D. are worn; arent washed18.18.Have you brought your ID card?Have you brought your ID card? My poor memory! I_ of it before leaving home. My poor memory! I_ of it before leaving home. A. had reminded

44、B. have reminded A. had reminded B. have reminded C. had been reminded D. have been reminded C. had been reminded D. have been reminded19.19.We were going to the party immediately we _.We were going to the party immediately we _. A. finished what we did B. finished what we were doing A. finished what we did B. finished what we were doing C. could finish we were doing D. finish what we did C. could finish we were doing D. finish what we did20.20.According to the art dealer, the painting_ to go According to the art dealer, the painting_ to go for at least a mi