高考英語詞匯(相似、同義、近義)詞突破

1、高考英語詞匯（相似、同義、近義）詞突破精選練習（一）1. We can't _ one to change the habits of a lifetime in a short time. A. hope B. wait C. expect D. imagineexpect期望，盼望，表示認為有很大的客觀可能性，例如：I expect the work to be finished by Friday.（我期望這項工作能在星期五前做完。）wait for . to do sth.等待、等待.做.，強調(diào)“等”這一動詞的本身，如：The audience are waiting eage

2、rly for the performance to begin.(觀眾正等著演出開始。)本題如改為這樣：I waited for him to arrive in time for dinner, but he didn't come.(我等他來趕上晚餐，但他沒有來。)由此可見，expect是表示“期待”，而wait for 是表示“等待”，詞義完全不同。注意hope后不能接sb. to do sth. imagine being on the moon. 例如：Im sorry, but I can't imagine anyone doing research like

3、that.本題譯文：我們不能期望一個人在這樣短的時間內(nèi)改變一輩子養(yǎng)成的習慣。2. The noise was so _ that only those with excellent hearing were aware of it. A. dim B. soft C. faint D. gentlefaint(=weak, indistinct; not clear)“微弱的，模糊的，不清楚的”。Dim(=not bright, not clearly to be seen)不亮的，看不清的；the dim light of a candle(微弱的燭光)。3. His landlady ga

4、ve him a week's _ to leave the flat. A. threat B. notice C. advice D. cautionnotice預先通知（尤用雇主、雇員或房東、房客之間）：give one's employee a month's notice (通知雇員一個月后離職)。本題譯文：他的女房東通知他一周后從套間搬走。4. Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, _ at the ot

5、her store. A. anyone B. the others C. that D. the ones代詞one可以用來替代前面提到過的名詞，以避免重復。如果它替代的名詞是復數(shù)，則用ones。本題中它代替refrigerators；因特指，故用the ones.5. When I took his temperature, it was two degrees above _. A. average B. ordinary C. regular D. normalnormal正常的；ordinary普通的；average平均的；regular有規(guī)律的，定期的。6. It is clear

6、 that the whole world is passing through a social revolution in which a central _ must be taken by scientists and technologists. A. process B. attention C. measure D. parttake part in參加。本題譯文：顯然，整個世界正經(jīng)歷著一場社會革命；科學家和技術(shù)人員必定是這場革命地主要參加者。7. These plastic flowers look so _ that many people think they are re

7、al. A. beautiful B. natural C. artificial D. similar8. When I worked as the general manager of the firm, I sometimes had _ to visit London on business. A. opportunity B. possibility C. occasion D. chanceoccasion 作可數(shù)名詞時，意為“時機”，作不可數(shù)名詞時，意為“必要”，本題中occasion意為“必要”。從句語法結(jié)構(gòu)上看，本句中用opportunity(難得的)機會，chance（偶然

8、的）機會均可，但按邏輯意思，應用occasion.9. The most important _ of his speech was that we should all work whole-heartedly for the people. A. element B. spot C. sense D. pointpoint (=chief idea of sth. said, done, or planned)要點；論點，主旨：I don't see your point.(我不明白你的意思。)He said nothing to the point.(他說的不切題。)10. It

9、 has always been the _ of our firm to encourage workers to take part in social activities. A. plan B. campaign C. procedure D. policypolicy(尤指政黨、政府、大企業(yè)、商行等的)政策，方針。campaign(政治或競選的)運動；（軍事的）行動，procedure做事的手續(xù)、程序，plan計劃，均不合題意。本題譯文：本公司的一貫方針是鼓勵工人參加社會活動。11. I remember her face but I cannot _ where I met her

10、. A. recall B. remind C. remember D. remarkrecall(=bring back to the mind)想起，回憶起：But I really can't recall your name at his moment.remind sb. of .使.想起：1)The photo reminds me of my late father.(這張照片使我想起已故的父親。) 2) The sight of the clock reminded me that I was late.remind sb. to sth.提醒.做.；Please re

11、mind me to write the letter.12. He has left his book here on _, so that you can read it. A. purpose B. intention C. aim D. meaning on purpose是介詞習語，意為“故意地”。如用intention,則應說by intention故意地。13. The open university was started in order to help those who _ having a university education when they were youn

12、g. A. stopped B. failed C. missed D. ceasedmiss doing sth.沒有做某事：I missed seeing the film when it was shown at school.(學校放映那部電影時，我沒有能去看。)14. We won't know whether it will be successful. We won't know whether there will be good _. A. ends B. results C. effects D. causesresult意為“由某種活動或某種原因所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)

13、果”，如：obtain(=get, attain, gain win, secure)good results（取得好結(jié)果），publish the results（公布成績）。15. Comrade Li Dazhao, _ librarian of Beijing University, was one of the founders of the Chinese Communist Party. A. sometimes B. sometime C. some time D. some timessometime(=former)過去的，以前的：Alice Brown, a someti

14、me pupil of our school, is now a teacher there.16. The patients believe that the doctor knows exactly how to put them _. A. correct B. perfect C. right D. wellput sth. /sb. right 糾正；治好，使恢復健康：Since man has done so much damage, it is up to man to put the matters right. (既然人類已造成了如此巨大的損害，人類有責任糾正這種狀況。)又如

15、：This medicine will soon put you right. (這藥很快會使你恢復健康。)其他3個選擇均不能與put 構(gòu)成習語，故不能入選。本題譯文：病人相信醫(yī)生清楚地知道怎樣治好他的病。17. And you find that you're not to be _ with a position of real responsibility. A. offered B. trusted C. furnished D. retainedtrust sb. with sth. 把某事托付給某人 trust sth to sb ：I can't trust hi

16、m with my car.(我不能把我的車托付給他。)本題譯文：你認為不會把真正有責任的工作托付給你。18. She got married although her parents had not given her their _. A. allowance B. consent C. permit D. appreciationconsent n. 同意，贊成；consent (to) vi.同意，如：consent to a plan(同意一項計劃)。allowance津貼。permit執(zhí)照，許可證 permission n 允許。19. At first Bob was puzzl

17、ed by Virginia s waving, but then it _ his mind that she was trying to tell him something. A. crossed B. passed C. occurred D. openedcross (enter)one's mind 想起：1)A sudden thought crossed my mind. 2)It never crossed my mind that he might refuse the request. (我從來沒有想到他可能會拒絕這個請求。)如用pass through, 例如：

18、When Jane did not come home by midnight, many terrible fears passed through Mother's mind. (=Mother thought of many things that might have happened to Jane.)occur的用法如下：1）That view of the case did not occur to me before. (對這個案件的那種看法以前我沒有想到過。)2）It occurred to her that she might adopt a homeless ch

19、ild.(她想到，她可以收養(yǎng)一個無家可歸的孩子。)關(guān)于"想起"的以上三種表達法考生務必弄懂熟記。這些詞組和句形不僅在詞匯測試中經(jīng)常遇到，而且在短文寫作時也可以使用。本題譯文：起初鮑玻對弗吉尼亞的揮手致意感到迷惑，但后來他想到，她想告訴他某事。20. When college students _ future employment, they often think of status, income, and prestige. A. demand B. assume C. apply D. anticipate anticipate vt預料，期望，預望：The fir

20、st question is one the John has anticipated. (第一個問題是約翰已經(jīng)預料到的.)anticipate +n/anticipate that; anticipate doing sth; I anticipated seeing you soon.21. Alice _ her father that both she and her husband would be happy if he would live with them. A. convinced B. reinforced C. pledged D. required convince

21、sb. +that從句意為"使相信，說服"。convince sb of sth; I tried to convince them of his innocence. convince sb to do sth; We convinced him to go by car.convinced adj Be convinced of/that; I am convinced of his guilt./I am convinced that he is guilty. convincing adj令人信服的reinforce 加強，增強。pledge發(fā)誓，保證.22. I

22、caught a _ of the car before it disappeared around the bend. A. glance B. glimpse C. glare D. starecatch (or get) a glimpse of瞥見(強調(diào)行為的結(jié)果) I caught a glimpse of her in the crowd. 我在人群中瞥見了他。take a glance (or look) at看一眼(強調(diào)行為過程本身)。Take a glance at the Tv programs 瞄一下電視節(jié)目23. The car salesman took the cu

23、stomer for a driver in the new model in order to _ its improved features. A. advocate B. demonstrate C. exhibit D. revealdemonstrate(=show clearly by giving proof or example)以實物說明，示范，展示 The salesman demonstrated the new personal computer. advocate擁護,提倡。exhibit展覽,陳列。reveal揭示,暴露。24. After dinner the m

24、inister made a short _ to the guests. A. delivery B. pronunciation C. conversation D. speechmake a speech to sb.(向某人做演講)。make conversation with sb.(和某人閑談conversation常與下列動詞搭配:get (enter) into conversation with(和.攀談起來),have a conversation with(與.談話),interr upt (break off) conversation(中斷談話),turn the c

25、onversation to other matters(把話題轉(zhuǎn)到其他問題上)delivery常指"(演講等的)說話方式,口才",如: His report was good, but his delivery was poor.( 他的報告內(nèi)容很好,但他的口才太差)。25. The old man got into the _ of storing money under the bed. A. tradition B. habit C. use D. custom get into the habit of doing sth.意為"養(yǎng)成了做.的習慣&quo

26、t;。habit指個人的習慣,而custom則指社會的風俗習慣。tradition"傳統(tǒng)26. One-room schoolhouses can still be found in _ areas where there are no other schools for many miles. A. disposed B. deserted C. isolated D. abandonedisolated 孤立的。Deserted被遺棄的；空無一人的a deserted house 空無一人的房屋；abandoned丟棄的，如；abandoned cars(因報廢而丟棄的汽車)。D

27、ispose of sth. 處理掉某物：He disposed of his old car .（他把舊的汽車處理掉了。）意為賣掉或扔掉等。27. Its bad _ for a man to smoke in the public places where smoking is not allowed. A. behaviorB. actionC. mannerD. movementbehavior意思為"舉止，行為"；action "動作"；manner"方式"； movement "運動，行動"。答案A。2

28、8. Before the final examination, many students have shown _ of tension. Some have trouble in sleeping while others have lost their appetite. A. anxietyB. marksC. signsD. remarksanxiety與 tension 同義，意思為"緊張"；mark"記號，痕跡"； sign"跡象，現(xiàn)象，標記"； remark"評論"。根據(jù)句意，應為show sig

29、ns of tension"表現(xiàn)出緊張的樣子"。答案C。29. When you do exercises, your heart works better. It is able to_ more blood while beating more slowly. A. produceB. pumpC. increaseD. bumppump“泵入更多的血”。produce“產(chǎn)生”；increase“增加”；bump“碰，撞”。30.Yang Yang carried off the first winter Olympic _ medal for China.Great!

30、 What _ she won for our motherland! A. golden; honourB. gold; honorC. golden; honorsD. gold; honors根據(jù)句意可以知道，第一空"金牌"意思為"含金之物"，應用gold作定語，而golden 為比喻性形容詞，意思為"金色的"。例如golden rice"金黃色的稻子"；第二空 honor 在此意思為"榮譽，光榮"，是不可 數(shù)名詞。31. The problem is not _ so easy as y

31、ou think. Its far from being settled. A. hardlyB. almostC. nearlyD. scarcelyhardly和scarcely 意思均為"幾乎不"，與題干中的not 構(gòu)成雙重否定，不符合句子意思；almost與not連用時，almost 常置于not前面，意思為"幾乎不"；只有 not nearly為正確結(jié)構(gòu)，意思為"相差很遠"。32. Ill_ him off this time but next time hell be punished. A. leave B. let C

32、. put D. setlet off 饒恕。 Set off 出發(fā)、動身; leave off 停止、不再穿；put off 推遲。33. Who on earth could it be? It was _ other than Peter. A. none B. nothing C. not D. nobodynone other than （表示驚訝）不是別人，不是別的；就是，正是 It's none other than Tom! We thought you were in Africa! 是湯姆！我們以為你還在非洲！34. In the of proof , the po

33、lice could not take action against the man .Alack Bshortage Cabsence Dfailure in the absence of 缺少 shortage 缺乏, 無此搭配。"In the developed countries, there's a great shortage of labour / work force." 發(fā)達國家勞動力非常缺乏。35. He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his _ was seen at its

34、 best when he worked with others.A. temperB. appearanceC. talentD. characterthe beauty of his character人格的魅力36. Nowadays sending e-mails to each other is a way many a student _ what they think. A. conveys B. delivers C. express D. accountconvey 表達Words cant convey my feelings.言語無法表達我的心情.37. How do y

35、ou to her unkindly behavior?Only silence.Which of the following is wrong?AreactBanswerCreplyDrespondreact/ reply/ respond to sb./ sth. answer sb./ sth.38. Some friends tried to settle the quarrel between Mr. and Mrs. Brown without hurting the feeling of , but failed.Anone Beither Cboth Dneither eith

36、er指兩者中的任何一個. 不愿意傷害他們兩個當中的任何一個。39. Does this car give you good _for your money ? A. value     B. price     C. worth     D. costgood value for money 值得花那么多的錢40. Where Chongqing do you decide to build the factory ? Nobody our manager knows .Ae

37、xcept; besides Bbut; besides Cbut ; but Dexcept; besides but表示除外。主要和疑問副詞、不定代詞連用。除了重慶以外，你們公司將在什么地方建工廠？除了經(jīng)理沒人知道。 41. It seemed that Ivy was in no_ this evening to listen to my jokes. A. mindB. moodC. feelingD. emotionbe in no mood to do sth“沒有做某事的心情”。42. Sensible people dont think it is_ to buy things

38、 which are not needed even at a low price. A. worthB. worthyC. worthlessD. worthwhileIt is worthwhile to do sth“值得做某事”。it is worth doing sthit is worthy to be doneIt is worthy of being done43. When you arrive at the hotel, youll_ notice the friendly staff, who will make your holiday a wonderful drea

39、m. A. sensitivelyB. scarcelyC. immediately D. obviouslyimmediately“立即”; sensitively“敏感地”；scarcely“幾乎不，將近”；obviously“明顯地”。44. As they havent a child of their own, theyre going to _ a little girl. A. acceptB. receiveC. adaptD. adoptadopt“領(lǐng)養(yǎng)”; accept“接受”；receive“收到”；adapt“適應”。45. After careful research

40、, it was decided that the spaceship should reenter the Earths_. A. surfaceB. airC. environmentD. atmosphereadmosphere“大氣”; surface“表面”；air“空氣”；environment“環(huán)境”。46. David paused to consult his notes, then_ with his speech. A. proceededB. pursedC. pronouncedD. proposedproceed“繼續(xù)進行”，為不及物動詞，常和介詞with連用; p

41、urse “追逐，繼續(xù)，從事”，為及物動詞，后不能接介詞；pronounce“發(fā)音”；propose“提議，建議”。47. That way of living is_ to people in this small part of the country. A. specificB. availableC. peculiarD. particularbe peculiar to“特有的”，為固定詞組。本句句意為：那種生活方式是這個國家那一小部分的人們所特有的。48. The headmaster is to give a formal_ at the annual ceremony. A.

42、addressB. argumentC. debateD. remarkaddress“演講”; argument “爭論”；debate “辯論”；remark “話語，評論”。49. He had a talent for music and was_ conductor of Shanghai Symphony Orchestra at the age of 30. A. assignedB. appointedC. namedD. honoredappoint“任命”; assign “布置”；name “命名”；honor“給榮譽”。50. Psychologists say tha

43、t_ our emotions will make us feel better and there is nothing to be ashamed of. A. relievingB. relaxingC. releasingD. removingreleasing“釋放”; relieve “減輕”；relax “放松”；remove “清除”。51. After many years waiting, Chinese people_ realized their dream to hold the Olympic Games. A. constantlyB. eventuallyC.

44、lastlyD. generallyeventually “最終地”; constantly “經(jīng)常地”；lastly “最后地”; generally “通常地”。52. Such noble deeds of the doctors and nurses cant be only_ with money. A. rewardedB. awardedC. praisedD. valuedreward “回報”，常用于reward sb.with sth.結(jié)構(gòu); award “授予(獎品等)”，常用于award sb. sth;praise “表揚”；value “評價，重視”。53. Sha

45、nghai is so full of_, it seems as if things never stop. A. strengthB. spiritC. forceD. energyenergy “精力，活力”; strength “力氣”；spirit “精神”；force “力量，武力”。54. My knowledge of Hong Kong came only from some movies: a_ of criminals are pursued by the police in the narrow streets and then they have a fight. A

46、. groupB. teamC. classD. ganggang “一伙”; group “組”；team “隊”；class “種類，等級”。55. When we finally arrived, a lady gave us a _ introduction of the university. A. clearB. briefC. mainD. abstractbrief “簡要的”; clear “清晰的”；main “主要的”；abstract “抽象的”。56. A(n)_ is a person who understand peoples characters. A. ph

47、otographerB. psychologistC. physicianD. physicistpsychologist “心理學家”。; photographer “攝影師”；physician “內(nèi)科醫(yī)生”；physicist “物理學家”。57. If you build a house with good_ , it will last long. A. foundationB. floorC. basisD. groundfoundation “基礎(chǔ)”，此處指地下的基礎(chǔ); floor “地板，樓層”；basis “基礎(chǔ)，根據(jù)”，主要用于比喻方面，具有抽象意義；ground “地面”

48、。58. Although I had read the book assigned by the professor several times, it didnt make any_ to me. A. meaningB. importanceC. senseD. significancemake sense“有意義”。句意為：雖然我把教授布置的書讀了好幾遍，但是我仍看不懂它。59.Burning all the lights in the classroom will be a great_ on electric power. A. wasteB. lackC. drainD. dam

49、agedrain “消耗”，常與介詞on連用; waste “浪費”，為不可數(shù)名詞；lack “缺少”；damage “損壞，損害”。60. As civilization_, more and more people have realized the importance of preserving rare animals from extinction. A. stretchesB. spreadsC. extendsD. expandsspread “傳播，擴散”; stretch “伸展”；extend “延長”；expand “膨脹，擴大”。精選練習（二）1. In this f

50、actory, suggestions often have to wait for months before they are fully _. A. admitted B. acknowledged C. absorbed D. considered considered 考慮; admit 承認; absorb 吸收。 注意acknowledge 1) (=agree or admit the truth of; confess) 承認, 供認; A. He acknowledged his mistake. (他承認了他的錯誤。) B. 接動名詞 He acknowledged ha

51、ving been beaten. (他承認被打敗了。) 2) (express thanks for) 致謝; A. Mary acknowledged the gift with a pleasant letter. (瑪麗致函感謝饋贈的禮物。) B. His long service with the company was acknowledged with a present. (向他贈送禮品以感謝他長期來對公司的服務。)2. American women were _ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard str

52、uggle. A. ignored B. refused C. neglected D. denieddeny 1)否認： A. He didn't deny the facts. B. They couldn't deny that it was a serious blow to them. C. He denied having ever there.(他否認曾到過那里。) 2)(=say 'no' to a request; refuse to give sth. asked for or needed)不給予；Lots of people were d

53、enied the right to vote.(許多人被剝奪了選舉權(quán)。)He denies his wife nothing.(他對他的妻子有求必應。)3. The lost car of the Lees was found _ in the woods off the highway. A. vanished B. abandoned C. scattered D. rejectedabandoned (=give up completely) 放棄, 拋棄; 1) The scientist abandoned his research for lack of fund. 2) The

54、 sailors abandoned the burning ship.注意abandon 暗指某人對其所拋棄的人或物將會發(fā)生什么事情不感興趣, 如把撞壞的汽車拋棄在路旁。vanish (=suddenly disappear; go out of existence) vi.消失, 絕跡; 1) The airplane vanished into the clouds.2) Many kinds of animals have vanished form the earth. (許多種類的動物以在地球上絕跡。) scatter (=send, go in different directi

55、on) 驅(qū)使, 使分散; The police scattered the crowed. (警察驅(qū)散人群。) (=throw or put in various directions) 撒, 到處放; He scattered his clothes all over the room. reject (=refuse to accept) 拒絕接受; She rejected my suggestion.4. Henry's news report covering the conference was so _ that nothing had been omitted. A. understanding B. comprehensible C. comprehensive D. understandablecomprehensive 完全的無所不包的; comprehensible 能懂的, 可以理解的; understandable 可以理解的, 主要用來指人的行為。understanding 用來指人時, 表示"善于理解別人或別人問題的 (人) 。"注意下面的搭配：a compr