2021屆上海寶山區(qū)高考英語二模試題筆試試卷版含答案

1、2021屆上海市寶山區(qū)高考二模試卷英語試卷GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank?Whoisresponsibleforchild

2、hoodobesity(肥月半)？Itslunchtimeandsixth-graderOscarVillanovavisitsthevending(售賣)machine.Hepaysforanorangejuiceandsomecheesesticks,(21)hereallywantedsodaandchips?Hisschool.MildredAvenue,onlysellsschoollunchandhealthysnacks?Seventh-graderLeticiaBrown(22)(tell)byherdoctorthatsheneedstoloseweight.Herdocto

3、rsaysexercisewillhelphercontrolherweightbutatschoolsheonlygetsphysicaleducationonceaweek?Manychildrensufferfromhealthconditions(23)arecausedormadeworsebytheirlifestyles?Childhoodobesityhasmorethandoubledinchildrenandfourtimesinadolescentsinthepast30years.Moreover,ratesofchildhooddiabetes(糖尿病)(24)(ri

4、se).Theseconditionscanputchildren(25)riskforheartdiseaseandothermajorkillerslaterinlife.Thesehealthissuesarecomplexproblemswithmanydifferentcauses?Eatingmealsout,watchinglotsofTV,andnotbeingactiveafterschoolcancausetoomuchweightgain.Buttherearemanythingschildrencando(26)(improve)theirhealth?Doctorss

5、aytheprimaryfocusforchildren(27)beeatinghealthyfoodandgettingexerciseeveryday.Schoolsaregetting(28)(involve)insolvingtheproblem.Some,likeMildredAvenue,restrictthesnacksstudentscanbuy(29)areofferingmoregymclassestoemphasizetheimportanceofexercise?Someschoolsevensendhomehealthnoticeswarningparentsthat

6、theirchildmaybeoverweight.Theseschoolsbelieveparentsshouldbeactingmoreresponsiblybyrestrictingchildrensdiets?Manyparentsgetangry,(30)(argue)thatschoolsshouldlimittheirfocustoteaching?Theybelievethattheyhaveprimaryresponsibilityfortheirchildreifshealth.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwor

7、dchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce?Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.uncomfortableB.criticallyC.balanceD.nonsenseE.temptationF.respondingG.effectivelyH.practiceI.demandsJ.reasoningK.deliveringEmbracetheruleofawkwardsilenceTheruleofawkwardsilenceissimple:Whenfacedwithachallengingquesti

8、on,insteadofanswering,pauseandthinkdeeplyabouthowyouwanttoanswer.Thisisnoshortpause;rather,itinvolvestakingseveralseconds(10,20orlonger)tothinkthingsthroughbefore31?AtApple,TimCookhasengagedinthe32foryears.Backin2008,aFortunearticlesaidthatinmeetings,Cookwasknownforlong,33pauses,whenallyouhearisthes

9、oundofhistearingthewrapperoftheenergybarsheconstantlyeatsHCookisntaloneinembracingtheruleofawkwardsilence?SteveJobsoncetookalmost20secondstorespondtoapersonalattack,34aperfectresponse?Theruleofawkwardsilencehasalwaysbeenvaluableasatoolofemotionalintelligencebecauseitallowsyouto35thoughtandemotionins

10、teadofsimplyreactingbasedonfeeling?Whythemleofawkwardsilenceismorevaluablethanever.Weliveinaworldthat36instantsatisfaction.Emailsshouldbeansweredonthesameday.Textmessagesshouldbeansweredrightnow.Butthere*samajorproblemwithallofthisimmediatecommunication:Itdoesntleavetimetothink?Asin,think37?Critical

11、thinkingcallsfordeepandcarefulconsiderationofasubject.Itinvolvesweighingandanalyzingfacts,andcareful38?Anditresultsinmakinginsightfulconnections?Noneofthisispossiblewithouttime.Andtimehasbecomethebiggestluxuryontheplanet.Butwhenyouembracetheruleofawkwardsilence,youstealbacktime.Timethatusedtobewaste

12、don39answers.So,thenexttimesomeoneasksyouachallengingquestion.orevenwhatseemsonthesurfacetobeasimpleone,resistthe40_torespondwiththefirstthingthatcomestomind.Instead,embracetheruleofawkwardsilence,andthinkbeforeyouspeak.II.ReadingComprehensionsSectionADirections:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage.the

13、rearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Fearisanaturalandvaluableemotion.11hasgreatsurvivalvalueforhumanbeings,41ustofightforsurvivalorrunawayquicklyfromathreat.Buttoomuchfearintheformofchronic（慢性的）anxietyisincredibly42_andweakening?Anxietyispr

14、olongedfearthatpersistsinthe43ofarealthreat:afterathreatisover,duringsituationsthatarentactuallyverydangerous,orbeforea/an44threatinthefuture.Whenanxietybecomeschronicand45yourlife,ittransformsintoananxietydisorder.Researchconsistentlyshowsthatcognitive（認(rèn)知的）behavioraltherapy（CBT）isthemost46anxietytr

15、eatment.Itworksbetterthandrugs,psychoanalysis,andalltheotherwayswehavetriedtotreat47_overtheyears.Broadlyspeaking,twoCBTapproachesfortreatinganxietyhave48:copingandexposure.Copingischanginghowyouthink,evaluatingthreatsmoreaccurately,andbuildingconfidenceinyourabilityto49_athreatsothatyouaregradually

16、lessafraid.Exposureis_50_experiencingwhatyouareafraidof,provingyourterriblepredictionsofdisastertobefalse,untilyourfearnaturallydiesdown.Themostrecentdatashowthatbothapproacheshelp,butexposurecanworkfasterand51_larger,longer-lastingreductionsinanxiety.Ifyousufferfromanxiety,youcanapplythelatestandmo

17、steffectiveprocedureforexposure,calledrestrictivelearning.Iiwas52_byateamoftherapistsandresearcherswhopublishedtheirresultsin2014.Thisspecialexposure53_willhelpyouovercomeanxietyasrapidlyandcompletelyaspossible?Themosteffectivecoping54_usedinCBTandrelatedtherapiesincludecopingplanning,cognitiveflexi

18、bility,anddistresstolerance?Theyareresearch-tested,55effectivetechniquesthatwillimproveandstrengthenyouranxietyrecoveryprogram.41. A.persuading42. A.jealous43. A.abstract44. A.potential45. A.instnicts46. A.effective47. A.pressure48. A.described49. A.overlook50. A.purposefully51. ?A.breaksthrough52.

19、A.composed53. A.commitmentB.rememberingC.expectingB.painfulC.innocentB.existenceC.absenceB.essentialC.availableB.challengesC.stimulatesB.objectiveC.invisibleB.ignoranceC.anxietyB.emergedC.protectedB.simplifyC.remarkB.vigorouslyC.sincerelyB.turnsdownC.resultsinB.developedC.predictedB.evidenceC.assess

20、ment54. A.strategiesB.behaviorsC.responses55. A.naturallyB.probablyC.highlyD.preparingD.consciousD.continuationD.sustainableD.dominatesD.significantD.depressionD.supervisedD.handleD.passionatelyD.worksoutD.symbolizedD.processD.examplesD.initiallySectionBDirections:Readthefollowingtwopassage?Eachpass

21、ageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements?ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD?Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustrea(?(A)Peoplearemotivatedtodoactivitiesbymanydifferentfactors.Formethemainfactorsthatareinvolvedarecompetition,thedesire

22、forachievinggreatness,thesatisfactionofcompletingprojects,andenjoyment.SinceIamatwin,asenseofcompetitionisdeeprootedinmybrain.Healthycompetitioncanpushustodofantasticthings.Itmakesusstriveforacertaingoalandgetsustodothingsfaster.However,Idonotthinkcompetitionshouldbecomeharmful.Whenanger,frustration

23、.anddepressionisaresultofcompetition,itisnothealthy.Yet,competitioncanbringaboutrespect,friendship,andmutualgain.Inthecasewithmytwinbrother,wehavepushedourselvestobegoodatsports,music,school,andevenatwork.Thiscompetitivespirithasleakedintomylifewithoutmytwinaround.Inasense,Ireproducemytwinbrotherino

24、therpeople?IalwaystrytobenumberoneatwhateverIdo-oratleastinthetopthree.Therearetimesthisattitudebecomesunhealthy,asIgetfnistratedifIgiveeverythingtoacompetitionoractivityandproduceonlyaverageresults.ButastheyearspassedIhavegottenbetterathandlingfailureanddefeat.Allinall,IthinkIfinishanddowellinmanya

25、reasofmylifeforthesimplefactthatIwanttodowellinthem.Thefeelingofdoingwellagainstcompetentopponentsissatisfying.Ienjoythefeelingofcompletinganimportantproject.Forinstance?lastyear,Ifinishedapoetrycollectionwithmylatefatherspoemsandmyownpoems.Itwasanhonortohimandhiswork.Inaway,Ifeltthathisdeathwasnoti

26、nvainandthathisworkwasprovedevenmorethroughthiscollection.Itishardtodescribethemomentofknowingwhensuchanimportantprojectissettorest:itisalmostlikeyouarcreadytodie.Yousensethatachapterofyourlifehasclosedandyouarenowanewperson.Thesedeepemotionsmotivatemetocompleteprojectsonaregularbasis.Thesimplestfac

27、torthatmotivatesmetodosomethingisenjoyment.Therearepeoplewhodoactivitiestheydonotenjoyfordecades?Iamnotoneofthosepeople?IcanworkontasksIdonotlikeforawhile,butintheend,mymainfocusshouldbeonsomethingthatIenjoy.IfIfindjoyindoingacertainwork.Iengageinitforalargepartoftheday,orevenalldaywithouttiring.Tir

28、ednessinmostcases,inmylife,isduetoalackofenjoymentintheworkbeingdone?Eachpersonhashisorherownmotivatingfactors?Ihopethisreflectionhasallowedyoutodipdeeperintoyourtnienature.56. Theauthormentionshistwinbrother(Paragraph1)toshowA.thepeerofcompetitionB.therootcauseofcompetitionC.thecompetentopponentD.t

29、hecompetitivepartner57. Bythepoetrycollection,theauthorintendsto?A. honorhisfatherandhimselfforyearstocomeB. describethesenseofachapterofhisnewlifeC?allowhisfathertorestandgethimselftoreadytodieD.appreciatethesatisfactionofcompletingprojects58.Whatattitudedoestheauthortaketowardstasks?A. Hefeelsangr

30、y,frustratedanddepressedinhistasksB. Heenjoysthetasksthatotherpeoplearereluctanttodo.C?Heworkswithouttirednessifhetakespleasureintasks?D.Heusuallylacksenjoymentinthetasksbeingdone?59. Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A. MotivationB. CompetitionC. ReflectionD. Satisfaction(B)TheClas

31、sicroadtripismorepopularthanever.Hereareseveralplacestohittheopenroad.(1) Colo-roadTripsTheColoradoTourismOfficehasmadeiteasyforroad-tripperstoexplorethestates24ScenicHistoricByways?Anewmicrositeincludesaninteractivemapthatenablestravelerstoexploreoptionsbyregion,interestorseason.Travelersseekingins

32、pirationcanalsoaccessinsidertipsandside-tripsuggestionswithinmorethan150Colo-roadTripitineraries.Theflexibleitinerariesoffersuggestionsforhistoricattractions,activeadventuresandhighlightculturalopportunities?(2) TheBear-toothHighwayVisitorswhotravelthisextraordinarypathexperiencethevisuallandscapeof

33、Montana.WyomingandYellowstonePark,hometotheAbsarokaandBear-toothmountains?Thewindy,cliff-hugging68-milestretchintroducesroadexplorerstooneofthemostdiverse(多樣的)ecosystemsaccessiblebyauto.AmazinglybeautifulthisAll-AmericanRoaddisplaywidehighlands?paintedwithpatchesoficebluelakes,forestedvalleys,waterf

34、allsandwildlife?(3) SewardHighway,AlaskaTheroadthatconnectsAnchoragetoSewardisa127-miletreasure,includingnaturalbeauty,wildlifeandstoriesofadventureandendurance?Takeadayorseveraltoexploretheregionthathasearnedthree-foldrecognitionasaForestServiceScenicByway,anAlaskanScenicBywayandanAllAmericanRoad?T

35、hedrivebeginsatthebaseoftheChugachMountains,hugsthescenicshoresofTurn-againArmandwindsthroughminingtowns,nationalforestsandfishingvillagesasyouimaginehowexplorers,furtradersandgoldprospectorsmighthavefaredbackintheday.Expectwaterfalls,glaciers(冰Jl|),eagles,moose(3它J血)andsomegoodbearstorie?(4) TheLig

36、hthouseTrailMaineTravelsthe375milesbetweenKitteryandCalais.Maine,visitinglighthousesalongtheway,andlearnaboutthedangersthatseagoingboatsandtheircrewenduredalongtherockyNortheasterncoast.Heartalesofshipwrecks(海灘)andofthedifficultandlonelylifeledbythosewhokeptthelightsburningbrightly.Ifpossible,visitt

37、heMaineLighthouseMuseum,whereartifactsandhands-onexhibitsforchildrenprovideanattractivebreak?60. Whatisspecialabouteachplacementionedabove?A. TouristsofColo-roadTripsareprovidedwithadaptableplanoftrip.B. VisitorstotheBear-toothHighwaycanenjoytheautodisplay.C?DriversalongSewardHighwaycanappreciatethe

38、treasureunderground.D.TlieLighthouseTrailofferstravelersseagoingboatstorowinthesea?61. Whichplacefavorskidsaccordingthepassage?A.Colo-roadTrips.B.TheBear-toothHighway.C.SewardHighway,Alaska?D.TheLighthouseTrail.Maine?62. Thebesttitleforthepassageis?A.StoriesofadventurealongroadtripsB?Americanpopular

39、roadtripsC. RecognitionforclassicplacesD.All-Americanhighwayjourney(C)AccordingtoOxfordDictionaries,moralitymeans:Principlesconcerningthedistinctionbetweenrightandwrongorgoodandbadbchavior.,Thoughmoralityisarathersubjectivesubject,therearesomeprinciplesthatareuniversalacrossallculturesfoundbyanOxfor

40、dUniversitystudy:helpyourfamily,helpyourgroup.returnfavors,bebrave,obeysuperiors?divideresourcesfairly,andrespectothers*property”.Thefactthatthesemoralsarefoundacross60culturesfromaroundtheworlddemonstratesthatmorality,thoughsubjective,isthecornerstoneofkeepingoursocietiestogether.Herearesomereasons

41、tobemoral:withoutmorality,asociallifeisalmostimpossibletomaintain;havingagoodreputationandhavingaclearconscienceispsychologicallyhealthy;andmostphilosophiesregardunselfishandprincipledbehaviorasimportant.Thereisnodoubtthatwithoutmorals,asocietycannotfunctioneffectively.Aconfusedsituationwouldappear.

42、AccordingtotheSocietyofMorality,uWearesocialanimals,andtheactionswetake?thethingswedoandthethingswedontdo?haveconsequencesonourenvironmentsandontheothersaroundus.Asaresult,weneedtobeabletogovernourbehaviorintheneartermsoasnottoinjureourselvesorourcommunityinthelongterm.Thissystemofcontrollingouracti

43、onsandourthoughtsinordertooperateinacommunityiswhatweoftenrefertoasmorality.?Therefore?weneedasetofmoralsinordertooperatewithinasocialcircleandasocialenvironment.Actingimmoralusuallyresultsinbeingexcludedfromsocialactivitiesorbeingavoidedbyasocietybasedonlawsandculturalstandards?Besidesactingmoralha

44、vingasociologicalneed,italsohasapsychologicalbasis.Mostpeopleareconcernedtosomeextentabouttheirreputation.AccordingtoPsyPost,KAlotofeconomicmodelsofhumanbehaviorassumethatpeopleareonlyrational(理性白勺)whentheynarrowlypursuetheirownself-interest,buthistoryshowsusthatpeoplearealsotremendouslyconcernedwit

45、hbeingandappearingmoral.So,thefearofone*sreputationbeingdamagedisoftenastrongmotivatortobemoral.Aridsomeonehasbeenimmoral,mostpeoplegooutoftheirwaytomakesurenoonefindsout,ortocorrectthebehaviorinordertonotbecaught.Thisgoesinlinewithconscienceaswell.Peoplegenerallyfeelinabetterpsychologicalstateifthe

46、yfeelthattheirconscienceisclean.Adirtyconsciencecanresultinalackofsleep.anxiety,internalstress,andevenillness?Onthesideofphilosophy,thestudyofethics（倫理）comesintoplay.Mostphilosophersagreethatoneshouldrationallychooseasetofstandardsofbehaviorinordertofunction?Thoughthereismoralrelativism,thereareuniv

47、ersalanthropological（人類學(xué)白勺）morals,asmentionedintheintroduction.Bythenatureofoursocietiesandcultures,wechoosewhatwebelieveisrightandwrong.Butsurprising,thisrationalbehaviorcomestoageneralagreementonmoral?So,thereisafinelinebetweenmoralrelativismandmoralabsolutism.Butthemainthingtotakeawayfromthisdisc

48、ussionisthatphilosophersgenerallybelievethat3eachindividualhastherighttorationallycomeupwithasetofethicstoliveby,andthatitishealthytodoso.63?Theauthordiscussesmorality（Paragraph1）inorderto?A.explaintherelationshipbetweenmoralityandcultureB.describethemoralrulesfoundallaroundtheworldC?contrastthedist

49、inctionbetweenrightandwrongD. introducethedefinition,principlesandreasonsofmorality64.Ilcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.actingmoralallowsustofitintogroupsbetterB.moralitybringsthesystemofcontrollingbehaviorsC.actingimmoralweakenslawsandculturalstandardsD.Ourcontrolledbehaviorsestablishsetsofmorals

50、65.Whichofthefollowingisthepsychologicalbasisforactingmoral?A.Pursuitofself-interest.B.Acleanconscience?C.Theconcernaboutreputation.D.Adirtyconscience?66. Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodoaccordingtothelastparagraph?A. ToreachageneralagreementonmoralsbasedonethicsB. Tocarveonesownsenseofetliicstooperate

51、inthisworld?C. Tochoosebetweenmoralrelativismandmoralabsolutism.D. Toexcludephilosophersbeliefsandsolutionsaswell?SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully?Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.EachsentencecanbeusedonlyonceNotethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A. Therobotsalsocarrie

52、daniPadthatallowedforremotevideocommunicationwithahealthcareprovider.B. Upto30percentoftheparticipantsreportedthattheywereconcernedwiththeroboticsystem?C?Researchers&oinNUTandBrighamandWomensHospitalrecentlysetouttoanswerthatquestion?D. Currentlytheprocessrequiresseveralpeopletoperform.E. However,th

53、equestionstillremainedwhetherpatientswouldbereceptivetothistypeofinteraction.F. Theresultsofthisstudygiveussomeconfidencethatpeoplearereadyandwillingtoengagewithusonthosefronts.TheroboticdoctorwillseeyounowIntheageofsocialdistancing.usingrobotsforsomehealthcareinteractionsisapromisingwaytoreducein-p

54、ersoncontactbetweenhealthcareworkersandsickpatients?However,akeyquestionthatneedstobeansweredishowpatientswillreacttoarobotenteringtheexamroom.(67)?InastudyperformedintheemergencydepartmentatBrighamandWomens.theteamfoundtliatalargemajorityofpatientsreportedthatinteractingwithahealthcareproviderviaav

55、ideoscreenfixedonarobotwassimilartoanin-personinteractionwithahealthcareworker.Wereactivelyworkingonrobotsthatcanhelpprovidecaretomaximizediesafetyofbotlithepatientandthehealthcareworkforce?(68)?Inalargeronlinesurvreyconductednationwide,wealsofoundthatamajorityofrespondentswereopentohavingrobotsperf

56、ormminorproceduressuchastakinganoseswaj式子)saysGiovanniTraverso.anMITassistantprofessorofmechanicalengineering,andtheseniorauthorofthestudy.AftertheCovid-19pandemicbeganearlylastyear,Traversoandhiscolleaguesturnedtheirattentiontowardnewstrategiestominimizeinteractionsbetweenpotentiallysickpatientsand

57、healthcareworkers?Tothatend,theyworkedwithBostonDynamicstocreateamobilerobotthatcouldinteractwithpatientsastheywaitedintheemergencydepartment.Therobotswereequippedwithsensorsthatallowthemtomeasurevitalsigns,includingskintemperature,breathingrate,andpulserate?(69)?Thestudysuggeststhatitcouldbeworthwh

58、iletotrytodeveloprobotsthatcanperformproceduresthatcurrentlyrequirealotofhumaneffort,suchasturningapatientoverinbed?theresearcherssay.TurningCovid?19patientsontotheirstomachshasbeenshowntoimprovetheirbloodoxygenlevelsandmakebreathingeasier.(70)?AdministeringCovid?19testsisanothertaskthatrequiresalotoftimeandeffortfromhealthcareworkers,whocouldbearrangedforothertasksifrobotscouldhelpperformswabs.III.SummaryWriting71.Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomore