電機(jī)學(xué)課程常用詞匯英漢對(duì)照表

1、“電機(jī)學(xué)”課程常用詞匯英漢對(duì)照表Aac excitation 交流勵(lì)磁ac machine 交流電機(jī)active load 有功負(fù)載active power 有功功率active source 有功電源air gap 氣隙air-gap fringing field 氣隙邊緣磁場(chǎng)air-gap inductances of distributed winding 分布繞組的氣隙電感air-gap line 氣隙線air-gap space-harmonic flux 氣隙空間諧波磁通air-gap voltage 氣隙電動(dòng)勢(shì)allowable temperature rise 允許溫升alni

2、co 阿爾尼科合金，磁鋼alternator 交流發(fā)電機(jī)ammeter 安培表（或：電流表）amortisseur winding 阻尼繞組ampere turn 安匝a(bǔ)node 陽極apparent coercivity 視在矯頑（磁）力apparent power 視在功率approximate transformer equivalent circuit 變壓器近似等效電路armature mmf wave 電樞磁動(dòng)勢(shì)波形armature phase-to-phase mutual inductance 電樞繞組相間互感armature wingding 電樞繞組armature-cir

3、cuit resistance control 電樞回路電阻控制armature-frequency control 電樞頻率控制armature-terminal voltage control 電樞端電壓控制armature-winding heating 電樞繞組發(fā)熱asynchronous torque 異步轉(zhuǎn)矩autotransformer 自耦變壓器auxiliary winding 輔（副）繞組axes of easy magnetization 易磁化方向Bbalanced three-phase system 對(duì)稱三相系統(tǒng)base value 基值B-H curve B-H曲

4、線blocked-rotor test 堵轉(zhuǎn)試驗(yàn)Blondel two-reaction method Blondel雙反應(yīng)方法breadth factor 分布因數(shù)（或：分布系數(shù)）breakdown torque 臨界轉(zhuǎn)矩brush-contact loss 電刷接觸損耗brush 電刷brushless dc motor， 無刷直流電（動(dòng)）機(jī)brushless excitation system， 無刷勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)brushless motor，無刷電（動(dòng)）機(jī)Ccantilever circuit 倒L型電路（或：懸臂電路）cantilever equivalent circuit 倒L型等效

5、電路（或：懸臂等效電路）capability curve 容量曲線capacitative 容性capacitative load 容性負(fù)載capacitative power-factor correction 容性功率因數(shù)調(diào)節(jié)capacitor 電容（器）capacitor-start capacitor-run motor，電容啟動(dòng)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)電動(dòng)機(jī)capacitor-start motor，電容啟動(dòng)電動(dòng)機(jī)capacitor-type motor，電容型電動(dòng)機(jī)castleation 裂極cathode 陰極ceramic magnet 陶瓷磁體ceramic permanent magnet m

6、aterial 陶瓷永久磁性材料charge density 電荷密度class B insulation B級(jí)絕緣class F insulation F級(jí)絕緣class H insulation H級(jí)絕緣coenergy 磁共能coercive force 矯頑（磁）力coercivity 矯頑（磁）力coil voltage phasor 線圈電勢(shì)相量collector ring 集電環(huán)（也稱：滑環(huán)）commutating pole 換向極commutation 換向、換流commutator 換向器compensating winding 補(bǔ)償繞組compound 復(fù)勵(lì)compound

7、 motor 復(fù)勵(lì)電（動(dòng)）機(jī)compound generator 復(fù)勵(lì)發(fā)電機(jī)compounding curve 調(diào)整特性曲線（或：調(diào)節(jié)特性曲線）concentrated full-pitch winding 整距集中繞組conduction angle 導(dǎo)通角conductor cooling 導(dǎo)體冷卻conservation of energy 能量守恒conservative system 保守系統(tǒng)constant-power drive 恒功率驅(qū)動(dòng)constant-power regime 恒功率狀態(tài)constant-torque drive 恒轉(zhuǎn)矩驅(qū)動(dòng)constant-torque r

8、egime 恒轉(zhuǎn)矩狀態(tài)continuous rating 連續(xù)定額control of dc motor 直流電動(dòng)機(jī)控制control of induction motor 感應(yīng)電動(dòng)機(jī)控制control of synchronous motor 同步電動(dòng)機(jī)控制conversion of ac to dc 交流到直流的變換（即：整流）conversion of dc to ac 直流到交流的變換（即：逆變）cooling 冷卻core flux 鐵心磁通core loss 鐵心損耗（簡稱：鐵損或鐵耗）core-loss component 鐵耗分量core-loss resistance 鐵耗電

9、阻（習(xí)慣叫：激磁電阻）core-type transformer 芯式變壓器coupled-circuit viewpoint 耦合電路觀點(diǎn)critical field resistance 臨界場(chǎng)阻cross-magnetizing armature reaction 交軸（磁化）電樞反應(yīng)current 電流current density 電流密度current-source inverter 電流源型逆變器current transformer 電流互感器（縮寫為：CT）cutting-of-flux equation 切割磁力線公式cylindrical rotor 圓形轉(zhuǎn)子（習(xí)慣稱：隱

10、極轉(zhuǎn)子）Ddamper winding 阻尼繞組dc bus voltage 直流母線電壓dc link current 直流環(huán)節(jié)電流dc machine 直流電機(jī)dc magnetization curve 直流磁化曲線（習(xí)慣稱：基本磁化曲線）deep-bar rotor 深槽式轉(zhuǎn)子definite-purpose machine 特種電機(jī)delayed commutation 延遲換向delta-delta connection D,d聯(lián)結(jié)delta-Y connection D,y聯(lián)結(jié)demagnetizing effect of cross-magnetizing armature r

11、eaction 交軸電樞反應(yīng)的去磁作用differential compound 差復(fù)勵(lì)differential compound generator 差復(fù)勵(lì)發(fā)電機(jī)direct axis 直軸（也稱：d軸或縱軸）direct-and quadrature-axis theory 直軸和交軸理論direct-axis air-gap flux 直軸氣隙磁通direct-axis component 直軸分量direct-axis magnetizing reactance 直軸激磁電抗（習(xí)慣稱：直軸電樞反應(yīng)電抗）direct-axis permeance 直軸磁導(dǎo)direct-axis sync

12、hronous inductance 直軸同步電感direct-axis synchronous reactance 直軸同步電抗disk armature permanent-magnet seromotor 盤式電樞永磁伺服電（動(dòng)）機(jī)distributed ac winding 分布式交流繞組distributed fractional-pitch winding 分布式分?jǐn)?shù)節(jié)距繞組distributed winding 分布式繞組distribution transformer 配電變壓器double-layer winding 雙層繞組double-squirrel-cage roto

13、r 雙籠型轉(zhuǎn)子dqO transformation dq0變換dynamic equation 動(dòng)態(tài)方程 Eeddy current 渦流eddy-current loss 渦流損耗effective permeability 有效磁導(dǎo)率effective value 有效值efficiency 效率electric field intensity 電場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度electric machine 電機(jī)electric machinery 電機(jī)electrical degree 電角度electrical radian 電弧度electromagnetic power 電磁功率electromagne

14、tic relay 電磁繼電器electromechanical-energy-conversion principle 機(jī)電能量轉(zhuǎn)換原理electromotive force 電（動(dòng)）勢(shì)（縮寫為：emf）emf 電（動(dòng)）勢(shì)（為electromotive force的縮寫）end effect 端部效應(yīng)end-turn flux 端部漏磁通energy balance 能量平衡energy method 能量法equivalent circuit 等效電路equivalent series impedance 等效串聯(lián)阻抗equivalent series reactance 等效串聯(lián)電阻eq

15、uivalent series resistance 等效串聯(lián)電抗equivalent-T circuit T型等效電路excitation 勵(lì)磁、激磁excitation branch 激磁支路excitation phenomena 激磁現(xiàn)象excitation system 勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)exciter 勵(lì)磁機(jī)exciting component 激磁分量exciting current 激磁電流exciting impedance 激磁阻抗FFaradays law 法拉第定律ferrite 鐵氧體ferrite magnet 鐵氧體磁體（即：陶瓷永久磁性材料）ferromagnetic m

16、aterial 鐵磁材料fictitious winding 虛擬線圈field axis 磁場(chǎng)軸線field-current control 勵(lì)磁電流控制field-current waveform 勵(lì)磁電流波形field-oriented control 磁場(chǎng)定向控制field-resistance line 場(chǎng)阻線finite-element method 有限元法first law of thermodynamics 熱力學(xué)第一定律flat-compounded 平復(fù)勵(lì)flux 磁通（量）flux linkage 磁鏈force density 力密度forced commutatio

17、n 強(qiáng)迫換流Fourier series 傅立葉級(jí)數(shù)four-phase system 四相系統(tǒng)four-pole dc machine 四極直流電機(jī)four-pole single-phase synchronous generator 四極單相同步發(fā)電機(jī)four-pole synchronous-reluctance motor 四極同步磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)fractional-horsepower motor 分馬力電動(dòng)機(jī)fractional slip 轉(zhuǎn)差率fractional-pitch coil 分?jǐn)?shù)節(jié)距線圈full load 滿載full-pitch coil 整距線圈fundamenta

18、l 基波Ggeneral-purpose motor 通用電動(dòng)機(jī)generated voltage 感應(yīng)電勢(shì)generator 發(fā)電機(jī)grain-oriented steel 有取向鋼grain-oriented electrical steel 有取向電工鋼gross motion 蠕動(dòng)Hhard magnetic material 硬磁材料harmonic 諧波heating 發(fā)熱high-voltage side 高壓側(cè)hunting transient 瞬態(tài)獵振hybrid stepping motor 混合步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)hydraulic turbine 水輪機(jī)hydrogen cool

19、ing 氫冷hydro station 水電站hydropower station 水電站hysteresis effect 磁滯效應(yīng)hysteresis loop 磁滯回線hysteresis loss 磁滯損耗hysteresis motor 磁滯電動(dòng)機(jī)Iideal current transformer 理想電流互感器ideal potential transformer 理想電壓互感器ideal transformer 理想變壓器idealized synchronous machine 理想化同步電機(jī)IEEE （美國）電氣電子工程師協(xié)會(huì)（為Institute of Electrica

20、l and Electronics Engineers的縮寫）impedance 阻抗indirectly cooled bar 間接冷卻線棒induced voltage 感應(yīng)電壓inductance 電感inductance machine 感應(yīng)電機(jī)inductance-motor speed-torque characteristic 感應(yīng)電機(jī)的速度轉(zhuǎn)矩特性inductive 感性inductive load 感性負(fù)載infinite bus 無窮大母線inner cooling 內(nèi)冷instantaneous power 瞬時(shí)功率Institute of Electrical and

21、Electronics Engineers （美國）電氣電子工程師協(xié)會(huì)（縮寫為：IEEE）instrumentation transformer 儀用變壓器insulating varnish 絕緣漆insulation 絕緣insulation life test 絕緣壽命試驗(yàn)integral-horsepower dc motor 整數(shù)馬力直流電動(dòng)機(jī)internal voltage 內(nèi)電動(dòng)勢(shì)interpole 中間極（即：換向極）inversion 逆變inverter 逆變器I2R loss 電阻損耗（即：銅耗，也稱：歐姆損耗）iron-core transformer 鐵心變壓器Kki

22、lovar 千乏（縮寫為：kvar）Llagging 滯后leading 超前l(fā)eakage field 漏磁場(chǎng)leakage flux 漏磁通leakage inductance 漏電感l(wèi)eakage reactance 漏電抗linear commutation 線性換向linear machine 直線電機(jī)linearization 線性化line-to-line voltage 線電壓line-to-neutral voltage 相電壓load component 負(fù)載分量load loss 負(fù)載損耗long-shunt connection 長并勵(lì)連接loss of synchro

23、nism 失步loss 損耗lossless-energy-storage system 無損電場(chǎng)儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)low-voltage side 低壓側(cè)Mmachine efficiency 電機(jī)效率machine loss 電機(jī)損耗machine rating 電機(jī)定額magnetic circuit 磁路magnetic circuit model 磁路模型magnetic field intensity 磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度magnetic field viewpoint 磁場(chǎng)觀點(diǎn)magnetic-field electromechanical energy conversion device 基于磁場(chǎng)的

24、機(jī)電能量轉(zhuǎn)換裝置magnetic fields in rotating machinery 旋轉(zhuǎn)電機(jī)中的磁場(chǎng)magnetic flux 磁通（量）magnetic flux density 磁通密度magnetic material 磁性材料magnetic hysteresis 磁滯magnetic permeability 磁導(dǎo)率magnetic saturation 磁飽和magnetic stored energy 磁儲(chǔ)能magnetization curve 磁化曲線magnetizing current 磁化電流magnetizing inductance 激磁電感magnetiz

25、ing reactance 激磁電抗magnetizing resistance 激磁電阻magnetomotive force 磁（動(dòng)）勢(shì)(縮寫為：mmf)main-field mmf 主極磁勢(shì)maximum electromechanical torque 最大電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)矩maximum energy product 最大磁能積mechanical loss 機(jī)械損耗megavar 兆乏（縮寫為：Mvar）minor hysteresis loop 局部磁滯回線mmf 磁勢(shì)（為magnetomotive force的縮寫）mmf drop 磁勢(shì)降mmf wave磁勢(shì)波形motor size 電

26、機(jī)規(guī)格motorette 電機(jī)模型motor 電（動(dòng)）機(jī)multicircuit transformer 多繞組變壓器multiply-excited magnetic field system 多邊勵(lì)磁磁場(chǎng)系統(tǒng)multi-stack variable-reluctance stepping motor 多段變磁阻步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)multiwinding transformer 多繞組變壓器mutual flux 互磁通（習(xí)慣稱：主磁通）mutual inductance 互感Nnameplate 銘牌negative excitation 反向勵(lì)磁（或：負(fù)勵(lì)磁）negative sequence

27、負(fù)（相）序neodymium-iron-boron 釹-鐵-硼no-load 空載（或：無載）no-load magnetization characteristic 空載磁化特性no-load rotational loss 空載損耗no-load test 空載試驗(yàn)nominal characteristic 標(biāo)稱值（即：額定值）nonoriented electrical steel 無取向電工鋼nonoriented steel 無取向鋼nonuniform air gap 不均勻氣隙normal magnetization curve 基本磁化曲線（也稱：直流磁化曲線）nonsali

28、ent-pole 隱極nuclear station 核電站OOhmic loss 歐姆損耗（習(xí)慣稱：電阻損耗、銅耗）open-circuit characteristic 開路特性open-circuit core loss 開路鐵心損耗open-circuit core-loss curve 開路鐵心損耗曲線open-circuit test 開路試驗(yàn)open-circuited secondary二次側(cè)開路open-delta connection 開口三角形聯(lián)結(jié)opposite phase sequence 相反相序overexcited 過勵(lì)（磁的）Ppermanent magnet

29、 永磁體permanent-magnet ac motor 永磁交流電（動(dòng)）機(jī)permanent-magnet dc machine 永磁直流電機(jī)permanent-magnet stepping motor 永磁步進(jìn)電（動(dòng)）機(jī)permanent-split-capacitor motor 永久裂相電容電動(dòng)機(jī)permeability 磁導(dǎo)率permeance 磁導(dǎo)per-unit system 標(biāo)幺值體系phase 相phase order 相序phase sequence 相序phasor 相量phasor diagram 相量圖pitch factor 節(jié)距因數(shù)（或：節(jié)距系數(shù)、短距系數(shù)）p

30、ole-changing motor 變極電動(dòng)機(jī)pole-face winding 極面繞組（習(xí)慣稱：補(bǔ)償繞組）polyphase induction machine 多相感應(yīng)電機(jī)polyphase mmf 多相繞組磁動(dòng)勢(shì)polyphase synchronous machine多相同步電機(jī)polyphase system 多相系統(tǒng)positive sequence 正（相）序potential transformer 電壓互感器（縮寫為：PT）power 功率power angle 功率角power electronics 電力電子（學(xué)）power factor 功率因數(shù)power swit

31、ch 電力電子開關(guān)power-angle characteristic 功角特性power-factor angle 功率因數(shù)角power triangle 功率三角形primary 一次側(cè)（或：原方、原邊、初級(jí)）primary leakage inductance一次側(cè)繞組漏電感primary leakage reactance 一次側(cè)繞組漏電抗primary resistance一次側(cè)繞組電阻prime mover 原動(dòng)機(jī)projecting pole 凸極pulling out of step 失步pull-out torque 臨界轉(zhuǎn)矩pulse-width-modulated vol

32、tage-source inverter 脈寬調(diào)制電壓型逆變器pulse-width modulation 脈寬調(diào)制(縮寫為：PWM)Qquadrature axis 交軸（也稱：q軸、橫軸）quadrature-axis air-gap flux交軸氣隙磁通quadrature-axis component 交軸分量quadrature-axis magnetizing reactance 交軸激磁電抗（習(xí)慣稱：交軸電樞反應(yīng)電抗）quadrature-axis synchronous inductance 交軸同步電感quadrature-axis synchronous reactance

33、交軸同步電抗Rrating of machinery 電機(jī)定額ratio of transformation 變比reactance 電抗reactance voltage 電抗電壓reactive load 無功負(fù)載reactive power 無功功率reactive source 無功電源reactor 電抗（器）real power 有功功率recoil line 回復(fù)線recoil permeability 回復(fù)磁導(dǎo)率rectification 整流reference direction 參考方向referring 折算（或：歸算）regenerating 再生reluctance

34、磁阻remanent magnetization 剩磁residual flux density剩磁residual magnetism 剩磁resistor 電阻（器）resistance 電阻resistance commutation 電阻換向resultant core flux 合成鐵心磁通revolving-field theory 旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場(chǎng)理論right-hand rule 右手定則rms (value) 有效（值）（rms為root-mean-square的縮寫）rms-kW method 有效值kW方法rotor 轉(zhuǎn)子rotor self inductance 轉(zhuǎn)子自感rot

35、or-resistance control 轉(zhuǎn)子電阻控制run winding 運(yùn)行繞組Ssalient pole 凸極salient-pole synchronous machine凸極同步電機(jī)samarium-cobalt 釤-鈷saturated 飽和的saturation 飽和saturation curve 飽和曲線sawtooth armature mmf wave 鋸齒形電樞磁勢(shì)波sawtooth waveform 鋸齒波形Scott connection 斯科特聯(lián)結(jié)secondary 二次側(cè)（或：副邊、副方、次級(jí)）secondary leakage inductance二次側(cè)漏

36、電感secondary leakage reactance二次側(cè)漏感抗secondary resistance二次側(cè)電阻self-excitation 自勵(lì)（或：自激）self-excited generators 自勵(lì)發(fā)電機(jī)self-starting synchronous-reluctance motor 自啟動(dòng)同步磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)separately-excited generator 他勵(lì)發(fā)電機(jī)separately-excited motor 他勵(lì)電動(dòng)機(jī)series motor 串勵(lì)電動(dòng)機(jī)series universal motor 通用串勵(lì)電動(dòng)機(jī)series-field diverter

37、串勵(lì)繞組分流器service factor 運(yùn)行系數(shù)（或：負(fù)載系數(shù)）shading coil 罩極線圈shared-pole inductance motor 罩極感應(yīng)電動(dòng)機(jī)shell-type transformer 殼式變壓器short-circuit characteristic 短路特性short-circuit load loss 短路損耗short-circuit ratio 短路比(縮寫為：SCR)short-circuit test 短路試驗(yàn)short-circuit secondary 二次側(cè)短路short-shunt connection 短并勵(lì)連接short-time r

38、ating 短時(shí)定額shunt motor 并勵(lì)電動(dòng)機(jī)shunted-armature method 并聯(lián)電樞法silicon controlled rectifier 可控硅(縮寫為：SCR)silicon-iron steel lamination 硅鋼片single-line diagram 單線圖single-phase system 單相系統(tǒng)single-phase winding space-fundamental air-gap mmf 單相繞組空間基波氣隙磁勢(shì)single-stack variable-reluctance stepping motor 單段變磁阻步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)si

39、ngly-excited electromechanical system 單邊勵(lì)磁機(jī)電系統(tǒng)size of machine 電機(jī)規(guī)格slip 轉(zhuǎn)差（或：滑差）slip frequency 轉(zhuǎn)差頻率slip ring 滑環(huán)（習(xí)慣稱：集電環(huán)）slot-leakage flux 槽漏磁通snubber circuit 緩沖電路soft magnetic material 軟磁材料space-fundamental air-gap flux 空間基波氣隙磁通sparking 火花sparkless commutation 無火花換向special-purpose motor 特種電動(dòng)機(jī)speed co

40、ntrol 速度控制（或：調(diào)速）speed voltage 速度電勢(shì)squired-cage induction motor 籠型感應(yīng)電動(dòng)機(jī)squired-cage rotor 籠型轉(zhuǎn)子stabilizing winding 穩(wěn)定繞組star connection 星形聯(lián)結(jié)（即：Y聯(lián)結(jié)）start winding 啟動(dòng)繞組starting capacitor 啟動(dòng)電容stator 定子stator inductance 定子電感stator winding 定子繞組stator-to-rotor mutual inductance 定轉(zhuǎn)子互感starter 啟動(dòng)器steady-state po

41、wer-angle characteristic 穩(wěn)態(tài)功角特性stepping motor 步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)stray load loss 負(fù)載雜散損耗stream-turbine generator 汽輪發(fā)電機(jī)switched-reluctance machine 開關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)（縮寫為：SRM）symmetrical-component concept 對(duì)稱分量法synchronous angular velocity 同步角速度synchronous condenser 同步補(bǔ)償機(jī)synchronous generator capability curve 同步發(fā)電機(jī)容量曲線synchronou

42、s inductance 同步電感synchronous machine 同步電機(jī)synchronous reactance 同步電抗synchronous speed 同步速度synchronous-generator V curve 同步發(fā)電機(jī)V型曲線synchronous-machine equivalent circuit 同步電機(jī)等效電路Ttemperature rise 溫升test 試驗(yàn)thermal station 火電站（或：熱電站）Thevenin-equivalent circuit 戴維寧等效電路Thevenin-equivalent impedance 戴維寧等效阻抗

43、Thevenin-equivalent stator impedance 戴維寧等效定子阻抗Thevenin-equivalent voltage 戴維寧等效電壓Thevenins theory 戴維寧定理three-phase ac machine 三相交流電機(jī)three-phase circuit 三相電路three-phase connection 三相聯(lián)結(jié)three-phase system 三相系統(tǒng)three-phase three-stack variable-reluctance stepping motor三相三段變磁阻步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)three-phase transformer

44、三相變壓器three-phase transformer bank 三相變壓器組three-phase transformer connection三相變壓器聯(lián)結(jié)torque 轉(zhuǎn)矩torque angle 轉(zhuǎn)矩角（或：矩角）torque constant 轉(zhuǎn)矩常數(shù)torque control 轉(zhuǎn)矩控制torque-angle characteristic矩角特性torque-angle curve 矩角曲線total ampere-turns 總安匝transducer 變換器transformer 變壓器transformer equivalent circuit 變壓器等效電路transfo