Vocabulary-of-BEC-higher-劍橋商務(wù)英語高級詞匯整理

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上Vocabulary of BEC higherUnit 1 the 3 sectors of economy經(jīng)濟(jì)的三個部分專心-專注-專業(yè)Infrastructure 基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)Lean produce 精益生產(chǎn)Warehouse 倉庫Industrial units 工業(yè)區(qū)Residential building 住宅區(qū)Agricultural land 農(nóng)耕區(qū)Housing estate 地產(chǎn)Managing director 董事總經(jīng)理，總裁Wholesale outlet 批發(fā)商店Retail outlet 零售店Calculation of price 價格

2、計算Added value 增值Smelt 熔煉，提煉Mill 磨Weld 焊接Ex works 出廠價Up stream 上游Down stream 下游Total picture 全局Maintenance 保養(yǎng)，維修Bauxite 鋁土礦Coil 線圈Cement 水泥Labor cost 勞力成本Semi-finished 半成品Finished product 成品Department of health 衛(wèi)生部Primary sector 第一產(chǎn)業(yè)Secondary sector 第二產(chǎn)業(yè)Tertiary sector 第三產(chǎn)業(yè)Raw material 原材料Administrat

3、ion 管理Law 司法Computing 計算機(jī)操作Personnel 人事Distribute 分配，配送Health care 醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生Logistics 物流Assemble 裝配Disassemble 拆卸Assembling line 生產(chǎn)線Iron ore 鐵礦石Division of labor 勞動分工Heavy industry 重工業(yè)Light industry 輕工業(yè)Marketing 市場營銷Chain of command 指揮系統(tǒng)，行政管理系統(tǒng)Core technology 核心技術(shù)Know-how 技術(shù)訣竅Labor-intensive 勞動密集型Technol

4、ogy-intensive 技術(shù)密集型Capital-intensive 資本密集型Hinterland 內(nèi)地，腹地Initial outlay 初期投資Garments 服裝Unit 2 management 管理Managers job= planning+ organizing+ leading+ controllingAllocate resources 分配資源Pay and promotion 薪酬和晉升Modify 修正Line manager 一線經(jīng)理Immediate line manager 直接下屬的一線經(jīng)理Top manager 高層經(jīng)理Top management 高

5、層管理Middle management 中層管理Supplier 供應(yīng)商Public authorities 政府部門Be advised 聽取意見Distributor 分銷商Swiss franc 瑞士法郎Appreciate 升值Depreciate 貶值Component of economy 經(jīng)濟(jì)部門Good will resource 商譽Human resource 人力資源Natural resource 自然資源Market share 市場份額Monopoly in/ of/ on 壟斷，專利品Management skills 管理技能Management tactic

6、s 管理技巧Decision-making 決策Board of directors 董事會Chairman of the board 董事長High-performance car 高性能汽車Tangible/ physical resources 有形資源Capital resources 資本資源Superior 上級Subordinate 下屬Senior manager 資深經(jīng)理Junior manager 初級經(jīng)理Corporate culture 公司文化Check and balance 制衡Hardware 五金，硬件Monopoly/ lock 壟斷Interchangem

7、ent 互換Solution provider 方案提供商Chain store 連鎖店Work experience 工作經(jīng)歷Working hour 工作時間Price v. 定價；比價Chief operation office 首席運營官Operation management 作業(yè)管理Financial management 財務(wù)管理HR management 人力資源管理Marketing management 銷售管理Logistics management 物流管理OTC= over the counter 成藥Arts 文科Science 理科Engineering 工科Si

8、mulate 仿造，模仿High-end product 高端產(chǎn)品Rock bottom price 最低價Frills 虛飾Target market 目標(biāo)市場Empowerment 賦權(quán)Ad hoc 特別，專門Task force 特遣部隊，特別行動組Cash and assets 現(xiàn)金和資產(chǎn)Buffer= cushion 起緩沖作用的人或物L(fēng)eeway 余地，余裕Product 產(chǎn)品Productivity 生產(chǎn)率Produce 生產(chǎn)；特產(chǎn) local produce 地方特產(chǎn)Delegation 代表團(tuán)Corporate statement = mission statement 公司

9、主旨Aim/ vision 愿景Corporate image 公司形象For here 堂食To go 帶走Focus group 焦點小組Innovation 創(chuàng)新，革新Manageable 可管理的，可處理的Set objective 設(shè)置目標(biāo)Safety net 安全網(wǎng)Dismiss 解職，開除Expertise 專門技術(shù)Merchandise 商品，貨物Verify 檢驗，核實IBM= International Business MachinesThe retail sector 零售業(yè)Predescribed quantities 預(yù)先定好的數(shù)量Layout 布局Sales st

10、aff 銷售人員Working environment 工作環(huán)境Day-to-day logistics 日常物流，后勤Day-to-day running of the store 商店的日常運營Strategic management 戰(zhàn)略管理Formulating strategy 制定戰(zhàn)略Delegation 授權(quán)Parameter 參數(shù)High street= main street 大眾的（商品）Replenishreplenishment （貨物的）補(bǔ)充Members of staff 公司職員Voice your consent 抱怨Inventory = stock 庫存Po

11、licy 保單（a contract of insurance）Philosophy 理念Regular meeting 例會，常規(guī)會議Accountability 問責(zé)性Unit 3 company structure 公司結(jié)構(gòu)Recruitment 雇傭，招募Remuneration 報酬Department of legal affairs 法務(wù)部Purchase 采購部IT 信息技術(shù)部R&D 研發(fā)部Tooling 加工部Immediate boss 直接上司Immediate subordinate 直接下屬Autonomous 自制的Decentralization 分散化，權(quán)力下放

12、，分權(quán)Function 功能Hierarchy 等級Line authority 直線職權(quán)Report to 向負(fù)責(zé)Subordinates 下屬Matrix 矩陣Assistant manager 助理經(jīng)理Manager assistant 經(jīng)理助理Functional structure 機(jī)能結(jié)構(gòu) = production+ finance+ marketing市場營銷+ sales+ personnel/ HR Lead time 訂貨交付時間Reorganization 改組Operating division 運營段，運營分部Overlap 重疊Commercial division

13、 商業(yè)銀行Private banking 私人理財International division 國際銀行Investment division 投資銀行Inherent problem 固有的問題Product manager 產(chǎn)品經(jīng)理Market segment 市場細(xì)分Autonomy 自治權(quán)Priority 優(yōu)先權(quán)Dimensional 四維基質(zhì)的Sales force 銷售隊伍Commission 提成Optional features 可選功能，可選裝置Cash balance 現(xiàn)金平衡Credit facility 信用工具Profit margin 利益空間Research an

14、d development spending 研發(fā)投入Self-financing 使用自有資金，自籌資金Organization chart 組織結(jié)構(gòu)圖Market research 市場調(diào)研（部）Teller 出納Advertising and promotion 廣告與促銷Publicity 宣傳Industrial belt 工業(yè)帶Corporate ethos 公司風(fēng)氣Collaboration 協(xié)作Insulated = isolated 隔絕的Fragmentation 分裂Subsidiary 分公司Openness 開放性Downsizing 裁員Downturn 下滑Rec

15、ession 衰退Chief financial officer 財務(wù)總監(jiān)Unit 4 work and motivation工作和動機(jī)Induce 勸誘，促使Incentive 動力，刺激Labor relations 勞資關(guān)系Labor union 工會Benefit 福利，津貼Perk 津貼，補(bǔ)貼Supplement 額外費用Bureaucracy 官僚主義Job safety 工作安全性Job security 工作穩(wěn)定性Sales promotion 促銷Remuneration 薪水Psychological well-being 心理滿足Administration 行政管理Wo

16、rking condition 工作條件Paid holiday 帶薪假日Sick pay 病假工資Pension 養(yǎng)老金Psychology of work 工作心理學(xué)Recognition 認(rèn)可，承認(rèn)Checkout till 結(jié)賬柜臺的現(xiàn)金出納機(jī)Checkout 結(jié)賬柜臺Till 現(xiàn)金出納機(jī)Cash till 收銀臺Cash register 收銀處Product line 生產(chǎn)線Product line-up 產(chǎn)品系列User-friendly 易于使用的Go round 分配Creature comfort 物質(zhì)享受Interface 界面程序Annual bonus 年度獎金Cor

17、porate culture 公司文化= values價值觀+ beliefs信條+ norms標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Dead-end job 沒前途的工作Stock order = replenishment 貨物補(bǔ)充Hygiene 衛(wèi)生Play pool 打臺球Health screening program 健康檢查Sales floor 店面Trade floor 交易所Bus depot 汽車總站Profit-sharing programme 收益分享Career training 職業(yè)培訓(xùn)Working week 工作周Pre-school age children 學(xué)前兒童Premise 工作場

18、所Subsidize 補(bǔ)貼Tinned food 罐裝食物Piecework system 計件系統(tǒng)Pay scheme 薪酬計劃Unit 5 management and cultural diversity 管理與文化多樣性Localization 本地化Globalization 全球化Pay-for-performance 績效工資Collectivist 集體主義的Sales rep 商品經(jīng)銷代理Universalist 普愛論者Particularist 排他主義者Glocalization 全球地方化Multinational 跨國公司Unit 6 recruitment 招聘A

19、pplicant 申請人Application 申請Application form 申請表Candidate 候選人Curriculum vitae = resume 簡歷Employment agency 職介機(jī)構(gòu)Job description 職責(zé)描述Job vacancy 職務(wù)空缺Reference 推薦信Short-list 列入最后候選名單Covering letter= cover letter 附函Give notice 預(yù)先通知（辭退）A form of headhunters 獵頭公司Follow up 跟進(jìn)Preliminary selection 初選Testimoni

20、als 證明書，推薦書Synchronized sewing 同步縫紉Traineeship 培訓(xùn)Referee 介紹人，推薦人Controlling stake 控股權(quán)Contingency 意外事件Contingency plan 應(yīng)變計劃Contingency fund 以外開支準(zhǔn)備金Core competence 核心競爭力Home provider 持家者Stereotype 成見Maternity leave 產(chǎn)假Sick pay 病假The trade 同行Trade union = labor union 工會Working class 無產(chǎn)階級，工薪族Child-bearin

21、g Child-rearingAffirmative action 傾向性法案Positive discrimination 積極差別Corporate affairs 公司事務(wù)Allowances 津貼，補(bǔ)貼Unit 7 labor relationship勞資關(guān)系Trade union= labor union 工會Motorway 高速公路Collective bargaining 集體談判Go-slow= slowdown 怠工Working-to-rule 按章工作Industrial action 勞工行動Picket 糾察Rate of production 生產(chǎn)速率Premis

22、es 企業(yè)的房屋建筑及附屬場地Outsource 外包Subcontract 轉(zhuǎn)包Subcontractor 承包商Out of house 機(jī)構(gòu)外部的In-house 機(jī)構(gòu)內(nèi)部的Backstreet 偏僻街道Bill 開出賬單，收取費用Staff levels 人員配備情況Bargaining power 議價權(quán)Conglomerate 聯(lián)合大公司，企業(yè)集團(tuán)Arch-rival 主要競爭對手Penalty point 違章扣分記錄Pay-as-you-go 打多少交多少話費Auditor 審計員Adversary 對手，敵手Working hours gongzuoshij Workingp

23、ractices 工作慣例Uneconomic job 不賺錢的工作Tyranny 專制Deregulation 解除管制Work force 勞動力Public sector 共有部門Unit 8 production生產(chǎn)Flexible production line 柔性生產(chǎn)線Trade-off 妥協(xié)，協(xié)調(diào)，平衡Opportunity cost 機(jī)會成本Sunk cost 沉沒成本Raw materials 原材料Semi-finished 半成品Finished 成品Product defect 質(zhì)量缺陷Excess capacity 剩余產(chǎn)能Fixed cost 固定成本Variab

24、le cost 可變成本Cash flow 現(xiàn)金流Information flow 信息流Material flow 物料流Logistics 物流Lost sales 銷售損失Market share 市場份額Production run 生產(chǎn)周期Mother-board 主板Hard disc 硬盤Chip 芯片Chassis （汽車）底盤Call center 呼叫中心OEM= original equipment manufacter 設(shè)備原產(chǎn)商，貼牌制造商Lean production 精益生產(chǎn)= stockless production 零庫存生產(chǎn)= JIT= just-in-ti

25、me production 準(zhǔn)時制生產(chǎn)= continuous flow manufacture 連續(xù)流程生產(chǎn)PPM= piece per million 每百萬件瑕疵率Continuous improvement= kaizen= kaizan 改善哲學(xué)Deming cycle= PDCA= plan-do-check-act 德明環(huán)ERP= enterprise resources planning 企業(yè)資源計劃Scientific outlook 科學(xué)發(fā)展觀No slack 無松懈，無容余Hi-fi= high fidelity 高保真Wi-fi= wireless fidelity 無

26、線保真Operation manager 操作經(jīng)理，運營經(jīng)理Lead time 交付時間，訂貨到收貨時間間隔Outsourcing= contracting out 外包Plant 工廠Subcontractor 承包商，分包商Economies of scale 規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)Handling 搬運Depreciation 貶值Set-up 機(jī)器設(shè)置Obsolescence 過時，廢棄Theft 盜竊，偷盜Breakage 破損Leakage 滲漏Under-utilizing 開工不足Defective 次品Quantity discount 大宗購買折扣Stimulate demand 刺激需

27、求Sabotage 蓄意破壞Throughput 生產(chǎn)量，加工階段Throughput time 輸入到輸出的加工階段所需時間Product mix 產(chǎn)品組合Product line 產(chǎn)品系列，產(chǎn)品線Product range 產(chǎn)品范圍QC department= quality department 質(zhì)量部Knock-on 附帶效果，間接影響，累積效果Knock-on effect 連續(xù)反應(yīng)Circuit board 電路板Implant 植入Transplant 移植Refine process 完善Refinery 精煉廠TQM= Total quality management 全面質(zhì)

28、量管理Assembling 組裝Distribute 分銷Equipment 設(shè)備，（企業(yè)除了房產(chǎn)以外的）固定資產(chǎn)Facility 設(shè)備Joint venture 合資企業(yè)Location 位置，選址Operation 操作，運營Parts 零件Recall 召回Storage 貯藏（量）Work in process 正在進(jìn)行的工作Unit 9 products產(chǎn)品Launch a product 發(fā)布產(chǎn)品Brand loyalty 品牌忠誠度Brand awareness 品牌知名度Brand preference 品牌偏愛度Brand switcher 轉(zhuǎn)換不同牌子的人Product l

29、ine 產(chǎn)品線Product line-up 全系列產(chǎn)品Product mix 產(chǎn)品組合（一種產(chǎn)品的不同形式）Product range 產(chǎn)品范圍PLC= Product life cycle 產(chǎn)品生命周期Niche 縫隙Niche market 縫隙市場Line-stretching 產(chǎn)品線的擴(kuò)展Line filling 產(chǎn)品系列的填補(bǔ)Market segment 細(xì)分市場Segmentation of the market 市場細(xì)分High-end market 高端市場Low-end market 低端市場Up-market 向高端市場Down-market 向低端市場Product i

30、mage 產(chǎn)品形象Corporate image 公司形象Shelf life 貨架期，存活期Sell-by date 銷售期限Expiration date= expire date 產(chǎn)品有效期Eye-soreAround the clock 24小時營業(yè)Portion 一客Dehydrate 使脫水Shareholder= stockholder 股東Stakeholder 利益一致者，風(fēng)險共擔(dān)體制Logo 標(biāo)志Slogan 口號Service station （高速公路旁的）服務(wù)站Desktop machine 臺式機(jī)器Financing 融資Economics 經(jīng)濟(jì)情況，經(jīng)濟(jì)因素Col

31、or scheme 色彩主題，色彩搭配Credit facility 信用工具Warranty = guarantee 保修Maintenance 維修保養(yǎng)After-sales service 售后服務(wù)Brand name 品牌Brand 商標(biāo)，牌子Shelf space 貨架空位Product development 產(chǎn)品研發(fā)Profitability 利潤率Vending machine 自動售貨機(jī)Prototype 原型，雛形Augmented 擴(kuò)張的Delivery 交貨，交付Initiative 主動積極性Market share 市場份額，市場占有率Multi-brand str

32、ategy 多品牌策略Vandalize 蓄意損壞公物Retailer 零售商Colgate 高露潔Philips 飛利浦Procter & Gamble 寶潔Unilever 聯(lián)合利華Yamaha 雅馬哈Unit 10 marketing市場營銷Marketing mix市場營銷組合，營銷要素組合= product+ promotion+ price+ place Promotion 促銷= advertising+ word of mouth+ public relations+ point of sale Marketing= advertising 廣告+ personal selli

33、ng 人員推銷+ sales promotion 促銷+ publicity and public relations 宣傳和公共關(guān)系Optional 選擇（配置）Standard 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（配置）Personal selling 人員推銷Direct marketing 直銷Direct mail 直郵Business market= producer market= industrial 商務(wù)市場，生產(chǎn)資料市場Consumer market 消費市場List price 標(biāo)價= suggested retail price= recommended retail price 建議零售價Mana

34、gement consulting 管理咨詢Tie range 領(lǐng)帶系列Texture 質(zhì)地Lycra 萊卡Take remedial action 采取補(bǔ)救措施Qualitative analysis 定性分析Quantitive research 定量分析Internal research 內(nèi)部分析Raw/ primary/ first-hand data 一手?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)Secondary/ second-hand data 二手?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)Academic journal 學(xué)術(shù)期刊Trade journal 行業(yè)期刊Wine testing session 品酒會Sample v. 嘗試，品嘗Dist

35、ribution channel 分銷渠道，配送渠道Market research= marketing research 市場研究，市場調(diào)研Centrality 集中性Console 控制臺Focus group 焦點小組Head office 公司總部Market opportunity 市場機(jī)會Integration 整合Marketer 營銷人員Publicity 宣傳Questionnaire 調(diào)查問卷Sales promotion 促銷活動Selling 推銷Target customer 目標(biāo)顧客Hard-sell 硬性推銷Market segmentation 市場細(xì)分Poin

36、t of sale 銷售點Product concept 產(chǎn)品概念Product features 產(chǎn)品功能Sales representative 銷售代理B2B= business to business 企業(yè)對企業(yè)Selling concept 銷售概念Marketing concept 行銷概念Differential advantage 差異優(yōu)勢Integrated marketing 整合營銷Discount 折扣Payment period Credit terms 信用調(diào)侃Product manager 產(chǎn)品經(jīng)理Brand manager 品牌經(jīng)理Annual report 年

37、報Unit11 advertising廣告Advertising account 廣告客戶Advertising agent 廣告公司Advertising campaign 廣告宣傳，廣告攻勢Brief 摘要Budget 預(yù)算Commercial 廣播或電視廣告Comparative-parity method 相對平等方法，比較奇偶方法Cost per thousand= CPM 每一千個成本Counter-cyclical advertising 非循環(huán)的廣告Diminishing returns 收益遞減Exposure 暴露Frequency 頻率Institutional adve

38、rtising 機(jī)構(gòu)廣告= prestige advertising 聲望廣告Media plan 媒體計劃Media space 媒體空間Message 訊息，廣告詞OTS= opportunity to see 可見機(jī)會Prospective customer 潛在顧客Sales revenue 銷售收入Sponsorship 贊助Target market 目標(biāo)市場Threshold effect 門檻效應(yīng)Turnover 流通量，營業(yè)額，周轉(zhuǎn)Word-of-mouth advertising 口口相傳，口碑Billboard = hoarding 廣告牌Classified adver

39、tisement 分類廣告Paid advertising 付費廣告Advertising strategy 廣告策略Poster 海報 Purchasing frequency 購買平率Buyer turnover 新入場客戶Match 追平Excessive advertising 過度廣告Voiceover 畫外音Unit12 promotional tools促銷工具Promotion tools 促銷工具= advertising 廣告+ personal selling 人員推銷+ sales promotion 提升銷量+public relations 公共關(guān)系Brand aw

40、areness 品牌知名度Brand loyalty 品牌忠誠度Coupon 優(yōu)惠券Introduction stage 引入期Growth stage 增長期，上升階段Maturity stage 成熟期Decline stage 衰退期，下降階段Loss leader 特價商品Planning 計劃Positioning 定位Price-conscious 對價格敏感的Sales force 銷售隊伍Salespeople 售貨員Sample 樣品Trial 嘗試Free trial 免費試用Publicity 宣傳Paid advertising 付費廣告Novel product 新產(chǎn)

41、品Aim 指向Reduction 降價Rebate 回扣Promotional strategy 促銷策略Promotional tactic 促銷技巧Reduced-price pack 經(jīng)濟(jì)裝Distributor 分銷商Retailer 零售商Dealer 代理商Off-season 淡季Unit 13 accounting and financial statements 會計和財務(wù)報表Accountancy 會計師Accountant 會計師Accounting equation 會計恒等式Accounting 會計學(xué)Accrue 自然增加Accrued expenses 應(yīng)計費用A

42、ccumulate 累計Amortization 攤銷Annual report 年度報告Appreciate 增值A(chǔ)uditing 審計Bookkeeping 簿記Capitalization 資本化Cash flow 現(xiàn)金流Cost accounting 成本會計Creative accounting 粉飾財務(wù)狀況Credit 信用，貸方Creditors債權(quán)人= accounts payable 應(yīng)付賬款Debit 借方Debt 債務(wù)Debtors債務(wù)人= accounts receivable 應(yīng)收賬款Depreciation 折舊Dividend 股息，紅利Double-entry

43、bookkeeping 復(fù)式簿記，復(fù)式記賬法Earnings 收益Expenditure 支出，花費Expenses 費用，開支Financial statement 財務(wù)決算，財務(wù)報表Finished products 成品，產(chǎn)品Fixed assets 固定資產(chǎn)Current assets 流動資產(chǎn)Going concern 持續(xù)經(jīng)營Goodwill 商譽Income 收益Interest 利息Long term liabilities 長期負(fù)債Current liabilities 流動負(fù)債，短期負(fù)債Managerial accounting 管理會計Market capitalizat

44、ion 市場資本化Nominal value 票面價值Market value 市場價值Quantify 量化Retained earnings 留存收益Revenue （銷售）收入Self proprietorship 獨資企業(yè)Shareholder= stockholder 股東Stock= inventory 庫存Liability for tax 稅務(wù)負(fù)擔(dān)Transaction 交易Managerial accounting 管理會計Tax accounting 稅務(wù)會計Cost accounting 成本會計Prepare budget 編制預(yù)算Financial report 財務(wù)

45、報表Value v 定價Income & expenditure 收入和支出Debits & credits 借與貸Assets & liabilities 資產(chǎn)與負(fù)債Unit cost 單位成本Auditing 審計IRS= Internal Revenue Service 美國稅務(wù)署Tax authority 稅務(wù)局CPA= Certificated Public Accountant 注冊會計師File a tax return 報稅Income tax return 所得稅表Income tax 所得稅Sales tax 銷售稅Self-proprietorship 個體戶Partne

46、rship 合伙，合股Tax break 減免稅Turnover 銷售收入，總收入Charged against profits 從利潤中扣除On credit 賒賬Overheads= overhead 固定費用Variable cost 可變成本Shareholder= stockholder 股東Pay liabilities 償債Purchase price 購買價Depreciation charge 折舊費Understate 低估Overstate 高估Inflation 通貨膨脹Deflation 通貨緊縮Historical cost accounting 歷史成本會計Net

47、 book value 凈賬面價值= purchase value depreciation chargeCurrent cost accounting 時價會計Replacement cost accounting 重置成本會計Specify v. 規(guī)定Profit and loss account= income statement 損益表 (shows earnings & expenditure, i.e. turnover+ costs+ expensed+ overheads )Balance sheet 資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表(shows financial situation on par

48、ticular date, i.e. assets+ long-term & short-term liabilities+ shareholders funds)Financial year 財政年度Assets 資產(chǎn)= debtors/ accounts receivable + intangible assetsIntangible assets 無形資產(chǎn)=patents 專利+ goodwill 商譽+ copyrights 版權(quán)+ trade marks 商標(biāo)Liabilities 負(fù)債=creditors/ account payableLong-term liabilities= loans 貸款+ bonds 債券Short-term liabilities=taxes+ interests 利息Assets=liabilities+ owners equity 資本主權(quán)，業(yè)主產(chǎn)權(quán)（股東對資產(chǎn)清償所有債務(wù)之后剩余價值的所有權(quán)）As