高級英語復習筆記

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上高級英語復習筆記Lesson one: Rock Superstars: What Do They Tell Us about Ourselves and Our Society?1. Rock Superstars 搖滾樂超級明星 rock : rock music , rock ' n ' roll ( or : rock and roll )搖滾樂 早期的搖滾樂是源于美國的民歌( folk )爵士樂( jazz )勃魯斯歌曲(blues)等的一種音樂,其特征是具 有強烈的節(jié)奏 ( rhythm )單純的旋律 ( melody )一再重復的歌詞和音

2、符的后拍音 ( after beat ) 2. Rock is the music of teenage rebellion .搖滾樂是青少年的反叛音樂 a. teenage adj. pertaining to a teenager ( 13 至 19 歲的 ) 青少年的. 其名詞形式為teenager: (13至19歲的青少年). b. rebellion : resistance to or defiance of any authority 造反,反派. 如; a rebellion against old traditions 對舊傳統(tǒng)的反叛. 3. By a mans heroes

3、 ye shall know him. 你將從一個人崇拜的英雄得知其人. a.這句句子的句型與英語中常說的 judge a man by the company he keeps(以一個人所交的朋友斷定其為人)很相似. b. ye = you 用于古英語或詩歌中,是第二人稱代詞thou的復數(shù). 如: Ye are the salt of the earth .你們是社會的中堅. (出自<<圣經(jīng)>>) 4. '' Midnight Rambler ramble : walk for pleasure漫游,既可表動詞,也可作名詞. 如; They rambl

4、ed through the woods.他們在林中漫步. 5. . he said, '' Grabs a half-gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform, sprinkling its contents over the first rows of sweltering listeners . '' a. grab : to seize suddenly , eagerly , or roughly ; snatch 急抓,奪取. 如: He jumped up from the tabl

5、e, grabbed his hat and ran out of the door. 他從桌子旁跳了起來,抓起自己的帽子,奔出門去. 另外,grab后面可以跟其他名詞或名詞短語. 如: grab a shower快速沖了澡, grab a sandwich,胡亂吃了一個三明治, grab a taxi 趕搭出租車. 有時,還可以作不及物動詞. 如: He grabbed at the opportunity of going abroad. 他設(shè)法抓住這次出國的機會 b. sprinkle : to scatter drops or particles of water , powder o

6、r the like on 灑液體,撒粉末等(于.上). 如: They sprinkled ashes on the icy sidewalk .他們在積水溜滑的人行道上撒了灰. We sprinkle the lawn every day .我們每天給草坪灑水. 以'' sprinkling ''引導的短語是動詞的 '' - ing '' 形式做伴隨狀語. 再如: They stood there , watching the basketball .他們站在那里,觀看籃球比賽. 6. They surge to follow

7、 him, eager to be touched by a few baptismal drops. a. surge : to move or swell forward in or like waves 如波濤洶涌而至. A crowd surged out of the theater .觀眾從劇院里蜂擁而出. b. 以形容詞'' eager ''引導的不定式詞組在語法功能上起著并列分句的作用. 7. Some 14,000 screaming fans were crunching up to the front of the stage at Cap

8、ital Center. a. some : ( before a number ) approximately , about (在數(shù)字前)大約. 如: some twenty students大約20個學生. b. scream to make a loud , sharp cry 尖聲大叫. '' screaming ''是動詞 scream的 '' - ing ''形式作前置修飾語, '' screaming fans '' 意為"尖聲大叫的歌迷" c. crunch :

9、 to proceed with a crushing noise嘎吱嘎吱地往前. 如: The children crunched through the snow .孩子們嘎吱嘎吱地踩著雪走. 8. I ought to be crawling on my knees. a. crawled : to move with the face downward and the boys close to the ground爬行. 如; The bus crawled along .公共汽車緩慢地行進. 注意:短語 crawl into the favor of one's super

10、iors表示"卑躬屈膝地討好上司". b. on one's knees : 雙膝跪地. 9. How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship? a. feel about : consider , think of 覺得,感到.經(jīng)常用于疑問句中, 如: How do you feel about the suggestion? 你認為這個建議怎么樣? b. adulation 是adulate的名詞形式. adulate : flatter or admire excessively過分贊賞,奉承

11、,恭維. 如: One can hardly understand why young people so adulate film stars. 年輕人為什么如此過分贊賞影星,真讓人費解. 10. Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown , perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies ? a. draw : attracts 吸引. 如: Some mutual interests draw us together .一些共同的興趣把我們吸引到一塊了. b. somehow : i

12、n some way not specified or known 不知什么緣故. 如: Somehow I don't like this novel though it is so popular. 這本小說雖然很流行,但不知什么原因我卻不喜歡它. c. fantasy : imagination , esp. when it is let free and not held back(自由奔放的)想象,幻想,狂想. wildest fantasies ,最為狂妄的奇想. 11. These aren't idle questions. idle : of no real

13、worth or purpose 無聊的. 如: idle rumor無聊的謊言. 12. Horwitz sees the rock music arena as a sort of debating forum, a place where ideas clash and crash. a. see . as . : consider . as .把.看作. b. forum : a meeting place of discussion of matters of public interest論壇. c. a place 是a sort of debating forum的同位語,后面

14、由 where引導的句子是定語從句,修飾 a place. '' ideas clash and crash ''意為"各種思想沖撞". 13. '' The redefinition, '' Horowitz says '' is a task uniquely performed by the young.'' '' uniquely performed by the young '' 是過去分詞短語,用于修飾前面的''a ta

15、sk''. 14. It is they alone who combine invention and exaggeration. a. it is . who ( that ) 是強調(diào)句式. b. lone : ( after a noun or pronoun ) only(在名詞或代詞后面)僅,只. His name alone was enough to draw a large audience .僅僅他的名字就足以吸引一大批觀眾. 15. '' Rock music,'' he says '' is really a

16、 sociological expression rather than a musical force. '' rather than : instead of 而不是(肯定前者,否定后者.) 比如: He is a poet rather than a novelist .與其說他是小說家,不如說他是詩人. 這里介紹另一個短語or rather,意為 more exactly更為確切地說". 如: late last night , or rather early this morning昨天深夜,更為確切地說,是今天清晨. 16. It's just t

17、hat Elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s. a. 句中的it有 the reason的意思, that = be cause . b. embody : give a definite form to具體體現(xiàn) 如: The statue embodies the sentiment of the sculptor .這尊塑像表現(xiàn)了雕像家的感情. The latest model of the lorry embodies many improvements .卡車的最新式樣體現(xiàn)了許多改進的地方.

18、 17. TV network banned him. a. network : a group of radio or television stations linked by wire or microwaves (廣播,電視)廣播網(wǎng) b. ban : prohibit , forbid 禁止. 如: Students are banned from reading dirty books .禁止學生閱讀色情書刊. 18. Most of the older viewers frowned, while most of the younger viewers applauded. a.

19、frown: to wrinkle the forehead , such as when one is displeased or in deep thought皺眉. 如:聽到我說錯了答案,他便皺起了眉頭. 短語frown on ( upon )表示"不贊同". 如: He frowned upon my plan .他不贊同我的計劃. b. applaud : to clap the hands together in approval or appreciation鼓掌喝彩;稱贊. 如: The audience applauded wildly .觀眾熱烈鼓掌.

20、c. 連接詞while在這里表示對照, 再如: I like books while my brother loves sports .我喜歡書,而我的兄弟則熱衷于體育. 19. The Rolling Stones, arrogant street-fighting men, demanded revolution. arrogant| 'ærgnt : acting as if one were more important than others傲慢的;妄自尊大的. 如; He was just too arrogant to his subordinates .他對他

21、的部下太傲慢了. 20. Feelings, always a part of any musical statement, were a major subject. 這里always a part of any musical statement 是feelings的同位語. 21. The Beatles showed there were a range of emotions between love and hate. range : a number of different things of the same general sort or type (變動的,可供選擇的)范

22、圍;幅度. 如: a range of colors to choose from可以選擇的一系列顏色; a range of prices from 5 Yuan to 50 Yuan 從5元到50元不等的各種價格. 22. This country element, Horowitz feels, helped its audience express an urge to '' get away from it all, . urge : an instinctive drive .沖動. 如: I felt an urge to further my studies i

23、n Europe .我有一種去歐洲深造的沖動. 23. .these rock musicians mirror feelings. mirror : reflect 反映. 如: The election result reflects their opinions.選舉結(jié)果反映了他們的觀點. 24. . where it's heading? head ( for ) : move toward (朝某一方向)前進. 如: They were heading for the deep jungle for hunting .他們?nèi)擦稚钐幋颢C.Lesson Two Four Cho

24、ices for Young People 1. Jim Binns.wrote me about some of his misgivings. misgiving: worry, concern(常用復數(shù))(對未來之事)疑慮不安,懷疑.如: I like your scheme in principle; my only misgiving is that it may require too large a sum of money. 我原則上喜歡你的計劃,唯一擔心的是花銷可能太大. 2.our generation views the adult world with great sk

25、epticism. skepticism: doubt suspicion懷疑(態(tài)度);懷疑主義 be skeptical about:對.持懷疑太度;不相信.如: He is skeptical about everything .他對一切事物都抱懷疑態(tài)度. with a skeptical expression帶著懷疑的表情。 3. Apparently he speaks for a lot of his contemporaries. contemporary adj.同時代的，當代；n.同時代的人。如： our contemporaries和我們同時代的人 同義詞：peer 同等的人

26、，同輩。如：without a peer 無匹敵的 4. The people responsible are, presumably, the adults who. a.responsible:1)(放在名詞后面)應負責任的.如:I hold you responsible for the safety of her family.我就把她家的安全交給你了。2）（放在名詞前面）（工作、地為等）責任重的，有責任的。 如：a responsible position 要職。3)(人）可靠的，可信賴的，如：a responsible person有責任心的人。 b. presumably: pe

27、rhaps大概，推測起來，可能。 5. These conclusions strike me as reasonable .strike sb. +adj.（or n.): 使.感覺（是）。如： At first the idea struck me as stupid.起初,這個主意讓我覺得很愚蠢. He strikes me as an honest man .他讓我覺得是個誠實的人. 6. The relevant question for the arriving generation is not whether our society is imperfect (we can t

28、ake that for granted), but. a. relevant:有關(guān)的。 如：relevant information 有關(guān)信息.若作表語,后面通常跟由介詞to 引導的短語. 如;The judge ruled that the evidence was not relevant to the case. 法官認定證據(jù)與本案無關(guān)。 b. imperfect : 不完美，由perfect （完美）加否定前綴im-構(gòu)成。 另如：Permissible-impermissible, possible-impossible, proper-improper, pure impure,

29、Mobile-immobile, mortal-immortals. c. take for granted : 視.為當然。 如: You should not take his help for granted .你不應該認為他的幫忙是當然的事。 7. for all is harshness and irrationality; it is the only world we've got. a. for all . 盡管。 如：For all his learning, he is not wise. 他盡管滿腹經(jīng)綸，處世并不聰明。 For all his efforts, h

30、e didn't succeed. 他還是個正派的人。 b. harsh : 殘酷的；無情的；刻薄的。 如：She was very harsh with her servant. 她對用人非?？瘫?。 We have to face harsh realities. 我們得面對殘酷的現(xiàn)實。 c. rational : 有理性的，通情達理的。 如：Man is a rational thing. 人是有理性的動物。 Do you consider it a rational explanation? 你覺得這種解釋合理嗎？ irrational : 不理智， ir-為否定前綴。 另如：I

31、rreducible, irregular, irreparable, irreversible. 8. Choosing a strategy to cope with it, then, is. a. strategy : 戰(zhàn)略，與之相對的是tactics(戰(zhàn)術(shù)) b. cope with : to struggle or contend , esp. . with some degree of success 應付，處理。 如：They proposed several possibilities for coping with the crisis. 他們提出了對付危機的幾種可能方案。

32、 He is unable to cope with the duties of her new position. 他不能應付新崗位的職責。 9. So far as I have been able to discover, there are four basic alternatives. a. so far as : =as far as , to the extent that 就.而言，從.來看。 如：His conduct, so far as I can see, is unjustifiable. 就我看來，他憑一已之力將不可能完成這樣巨大的項目。 b. alternati

33、ve : one of more than two possibilities 數(shù)種可能之一，可代替的。 如：There is alternative answer to this question. 這個問題有幾種可能的答案。 An alternative plan is to apply for a loan. 另一種可能的方案就是申請貸款。 10. Drop Out drop out : to withdraw from 退出。 如：He has decided to drop out of politics. 他已經(jīng)決定退出政壇。 Seven students dropped out

34、of university last year. 去年有七個學生被退了學。 11. This is one of the oldest expedient .=expedient: a temporary means to an end 權(quán)宜之計 如：resort to an expedient 采取權(quán)宜之計 12. In one way or another, its practitioners batten on the society which. a. (in) one way or another: 以這樣或那樣的方式；在某方面。 如：The project must be comp

35、leted by the end of this month (in) one way or another. 不管用什么方式，這個項目必須在這個月底結(jié)束。 b. batten on : thrive , or prosper , or live in luxury (on) (esp. at the expense of others) (靠他人犧牲而） 興旺，過奢侈的生活，（損人）肥飽私囊 13. some of us find this distasteful -an undignified kind of life. distasteful : disagreeable ; unple

36、asant 討厭的，令人不愉快的。 如：Jazz is distasteful to me. 我討厭爵士樂。（爵士樂不合我的口味） 14. But for the poor in spirit, with low levels of both energy and pride, it may be the least intolerable choice available. Availed: ready for use; readily obtainable a. （立即）可利用的；可得到的。 如：employ all means available 采用一切可能的方法。 The dress

37、 is available in all sizes. 這種款式的服裝大小尺寸都有。 b. （人）有空的。 如：I'll be available tomorrow morning. 我明天早上有空。 15. This strategy has ancient antecedents. Antecedent: preceding thing or circumstance, esp. (pl.) past history of a person 前事，前情； （復數(shù)）身世，經(jīng)歷，人的過去歷史。 如; a woman of shady antecedent 一個來歷可疑的女人 16. .

38、 that is, the city, with all its ugliness and tension. tension : mental strain 緊張。 如：under extreme tension 處于極度緊張/（復數(shù)-s）緊張（狀態(tài)）。 如：the tension between labor and management 勞資間關(guān)系的緊張 17. The trouble with the solution is that it no longer is on a large scale. on a large scale : 大規(guī)模。 另如：on a tremendous s

39、cale 極大的規(guī)模。 The project was undertaken on a grand scale. 這個項目規(guī)模很大。 The reform is carried out on an enormous scale. 改革的幅度極大。 18. Out planet, unfortunately, is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscapes. run out of : become short of , become exhausted 用完。 如; We ran out of petrol the other d

40、ay. 那一天我們汽油用光了。 We are running out of time. 我們已經(jīng)沒有時間了。 19. Plot a Revolution plot : plan secretly 密謀。 如：They plotted how to kill him. 他們密謀如何殺死他。 The criminals were plotting to rob the bank. 犯罪密謀搶銀行。 20. . those who have no patience with the tedious workings of the democratic process and who believe

41、that the institution can only be changed by force. a. tedious : long and tiresome 冗長乏味的。 如：a tedious lecture 冗長的演講；tedious work 乏味的工作 b. working(s) : action , operation 工作，運作。 如：the workings of the mind , the workings of the nature 自然的運作 21. To them it offers a romantic appeal, usually symbolized by

42、 some dashing and charismatic figure. a. a romantic appeal : appeal n. : the power to attract the mind or emotions 吸引力。 如：Such life has no appeal for me. 這種生活對我沒有吸引力。 That sort of music has lost its appeal for me. 這種音樂已經(jīng)失去了對我的吸引力。 v. appeal to : 吸引。 如：Does the menu appeal to me? 菜單吸引我了嗎？ The novel a

43、ppeals to women. 這本小說吸引女性讀者。 b. dashing : vigorously lovely ; brilliant or showy 精力充沛的；華麗的 c. charismatic 名詞形式為charisma （使大眾信服的）領(lǐng)袖魅力 22. Lets smash it and build something better on the ruins. on the ruins : the remains of destroyed or decaying or town 廢墟，遺跡，殘骸。 如：the ruins of a castle 一座城堡的廢墟 23. Th

44、ese are the ones whose revolution did not come off. come off : happen , occur 發(fā)生。 如：The invasion came off last week. 入侵是上星期發(fā)生的。 To be effective or successful 生效，成功。 如：She didn't come off well in the interview. 她的面試不很成功。 24. I am not, of course, suggesting that revolutions accomplish nothing. acc

45、omplish : bring to a successful conclusion ; achievement 完成。 如：accomplish something / a great deal / miracles 實現(xiàn)某種目標/取得很大成就/實現(xiàn)奇跡 accomplish : skilled , expert 熟練的，內(nèi)行的。 如：an accomplish golf player 技術(shù)精湛的高爾夫運動員 accomplishment (s) 修養(yǎng)，才藝。 如： a woman of many accomplishment 多才多藝的女人 25. For at best their vi

46、ctory never dawns on the shining new world they had dreamed of , cleansed of all human meanness . cleanse : make clean 清洗。 如：She cleansed the wound with alcohol .她用酒精清洗傷口。 cleanse sin from the soul = cleanse the soul of sin 清洗靈魂的罪惡 26. At first glance, this course is far from inviting. inviting : te

47、mptingly attractive 誘人的。 如：an inviting smile 迷人的微笑/an inviting dish 誘人的菜肴 27. It depends on the exasperating and uncertain instruments of persuasion. exasperate : annoy extremely 令人怒不可遏 如：Constant interruptions exasperate me. 不斷的中斷讓我怒火中燒。 28. It demands patience, always in short supply. (be) in shor

48、t supply : 供應不足，短缺。 如：Food is in short supply .食物供應不足。 Honesty is in short supply. 缺乏誠實（的人）。 29. . as soon as you capture one mountain range, another one looms just ahead. loom : come into view in indistinct and enlarged form 忽隱忽現(xiàn)。 如：The iceberg loomed out of the mist .冰山在迷霧中忽隱忽現(xiàn)。 Dangers are loomin

49、g ahead. 危險陰森森地逼近。 30. . of coping with war in unfamiliar guises. guise : a false or assumed appearance or disguise 外貌，偽裝。 如：an old idea in a new guise 老觀念新面貌（新瓶裝舊酒） in the guise of 打扮成.的樣子。 如：the king in the guise of a beggar 裝扮成乞丐的國王 under the guise of 以.為借口。 如：under the guise of friendship 以友誼為幌子

50、 31. It dawned on us rather suddenly that. dawn on : begin to be known, or realized 常用先行詞it , 表示"明白過來"。 如：It has slowly dawned upon me that he will not lend a helping hand to us when we are in trouble. 我慢慢明白，當我們碰到麻煩的時候，他是不會伸出援手的。-Lesson Three: the use of force 1. startle: to disturb sudden

51、ly as surprise 驚嚇. 如: starling news/s startling discovery (disturbing, frightening) 令人震驚的新聞/發(fā)現(xiàn) He startled us when he slammed the door so loudly. 他砰的一聲把門關(guān)上,讓我們大吃一驚. The noise startled me out of my sleep. 喧嘩之聲把我從夢中驚醒. 2. a. motion: to make a motion or gesture, as with the hand (用手等) 作示意. 如: He motion

52、ed me to sit down. 他向我作了個手勢,讓我坐下. b. look over : examine , esp. briefly 檢查. 如: I will look over your paper soon. 我很快會看一下你的論文. We looked over several new models before deciding.我們看過了幾種新的模型之后才做了決定. He asked my age, height, weight and marriage status, and then looked me over . 他詢問了我的年 齡，身高，體重和婚姻狀況，然后打量

53、了一番。 3. Eye sb. up and down 上下仔細打量。 如They eyed the stranger up and down . 他們對那陌生人仔細上下打量了一番。 4. Be up to sb. to do sth. : be one's responsibility to do sth. 由.負責做.。 如:It's up to you to break the news to him. 應該由你向他透露這條消息。 It's up to them to make the change. 應該由他們作這個變化。 5. in profusion : a

54、 great amount quantity ( of something ) 充足。 如; a great profusion of colors = colors in rich profusion 五顏六色 Profuse: adj. generous, lavish 豐富。 如:The critics were profuse in their praise of the new novel. 批評家慷慨地贊揚了那部小說。 He was profuse in his thanks for the help. 他盛情感激他的幫助。 Be profuse with one's mo

55、ney 花錢大手大腳。 6. a sore throat:喉嚨痛， sore ; Physically painful or sensitive, such as a wound or diseased part 疼痛 如I'm sore all over from the heavy work I did yesterday . 昨天干了一天重活，全身上下都痛了。 7. in my best professional manner : 以我最好的職業(yè)方式; manner : a way of doing things 做事情的方式。 manner : courtesy 禮貌。 如go

56、od manner 有禮貌。 It's bad manner to speak with your mouth full. 嘴巴里滿滿的對人說話是不禮貌的。 8. coax : attempt to influence by gentle persuasion 哄騙。 如He tried to coax the secret from me . 他試圖哄騙我說出秘方。 9. on the chance : counting on the slight possibility 懷著希望，也許可能。 on the off chance :抱著微弱的希望. 如; She applied on

57、 the off chance. 她抱著微弱的希望作了申請. He offered the information on the chance that it might prove useful. 他提供了信息,指望能有所幫助. 10. admonish : to warn or caution gently , to report mildly 訓誡. 如; Admonish sb. against sth. 勸誡. 提防. : The teacher admonished us against being late. (= us not to be late.) 老師訓教我們不要遲到.

58、He admonished him of the need for sincerity.他警告我為人必須真誠. 11. a. savage: mercilessly cruel, uncivilized, wild 野蠻的. 如: a savage attack on 野蠻攻擊 ; a savage lion 野蠻的獅子 : savage manners 野蠻的態(tài)度 savage scenery 殘酷的場面. 12. a. ensues: follow as a consequence 跟隨, 緊跟. 如: After the heavy rains, floods ensued. 大雨之后緊跟著發(fā)了洪水. during the ensuing months / in the ensuing year 隨后的幾個月/年; the war and the ensuing disorder 戰(zhàn)爭以及隨后緊跟著的混亂. b. abject : humiliating and wretched; contemptible and despicable