一般過(guò)去時(shí)語(yǔ)法

1、一般過(guò)去時(shí)它表示的是：某個(gè)動(dòng)作作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的時(shí)間里，并且這個(gè)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完 成了。常和表示過(guò)去的 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) 連用。如：last year, yesterday 等；也可表 示過(guò)去經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和 often, always 等頻率副詞連用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)-基本概念1 .“過(guò)去的時(shí)間”可長(zhǎng)可短，哪怕是一分鐘之前發(fā)生的事，也是過(guò)去時(shí)，時(shí)間用 just now 表示；當(dāng)然一萬(wàn)年前發(fā)生的事更是過(guò)去時(shí)；2 .這個(gè)“過(guò)去的時(shí)間” 一般是比較籠統(tǒng)的“一段”時(shí)間，比如：yesterday , last week, in 1993, at that time , once, during the war, be

2、fore , a few days ago, when.等等。也就是說(shuō)，“過(guò)去的時(shí)間”不是一個(gè)非常準(zhǔn)確的時(shí)間，因?yàn)槿绻?是明確的時(shí)間，就要用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)了。3 .過(guò)去時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束了，它側(cè)重于這個(gè)事情已經(jīng)做過(guò)并已完成，跟現(xiàn)在 沒(méi)有多大的聯(lián)系。如果要強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，就要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)了。一般過(guò)去時(shí)-句型構(gòu)成ExAin|jlv!f Mid育常取卜檢算用一篇討史M did /vl yuIpast =佇的寸.definiteThu kl: STi c d-flIdbl動(dòng)作已蛀h聲，去鉆云當(dāng)，Tiyir.Cammon flmr；-pw喊，*Me 扉t：w吠 hmeW，ln wt'F

3、n I盅K音冏!RiJQ躋g：6M一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)主要是通過(guò)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的變化來(lái)表示的。英語(yǔ)中每種時(shí)態(tài)都要求謂語(yǔ)動(dòng) 詞進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的變化。在一般過(guò)去時(shí)里，要求謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞“過(guò)去式”。原形動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式，可以概括為兩類(lèi)：一類(lèi)是規(guī)則的變化，另一類(lèi)是不規(guī)則的 變化。1.規(guī)則變化的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(1)在詞尾加ed或d英語(yǔ)中大部分動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式都是規(guī)則變化的，即在動(dòng)詞后加上ed；如果結(jié)尾字母是不發(fā)音的e,則只要加上一個(gè)d就行了。例如：work-workedclean-cleanedplay-playedlive-liveddecide-decidedlove-loved 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，變y為i加edstu

4、dy-studiedhurry-hurriedcarry-carried(3) 以重讀 閉音節(jié) 結(jié)尾的，雙寫(xiě)最后的輔音字母再加edstop-stoppeddrop-droppedwag-wagged2. 不規(guī)則變化的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式不規(guī)則變化是指過(guò)去式不能加 ed,用另外一個(gè)詞來(lái)表示。這樣的不規(guī)則過(guò)去式 也有很多，只有靠一個(gè)一個(gè)去記憶了。例如：is/am-wasshall-shouldmay- mightgo-wentsit-satswim-swamrun-ranspeak-spokeare-werewill-wouldcome-camesay-saidhave/has-hadcan-couldta

5、ke-tookget-gotwrite-wrotebegin-begansing-sangbreak-broketell-told不規(guī)則變化中，還有少數(shù)詞的過(guò)去式與原形動(dòng)詞完成相同；read 的過(guò)去式只是 讀音改變了。例如：cut-cutput-putlet-letread-readredkeep-keptfeel-feltsleep-sleptsweep-sweptbuild-builtlend-lentsend-sentspend-spentring-rang sit-sat drink-dranksing-sang swim-swamthink-thought buy-boughtbri

6、ng-brought fight-foughtteach-taughtcatch-caughtknow-knew grow-grew throw-threw draw-drew3. 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的讀音在 清輔音 p k f s 等后， ed 要讀 t 。例如： worked, finished在元音或濁輔音b g v z m 等后，ed要讀d。例如：lived, called在t或d后，ed 讀id。例如：started ， needed一般過(guò)去時(shí)- 句型用法1. 在確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, t

7、he other day, in 1982等。Where did you go just now?2. 表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。When I was a child, I often played football in the street.Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.3. 句型 ：It is time for sb. to do sth"到時(shí)間了 ""該了"It is time sb. did sth.&qu

8、ot;時(shí)間已遲了 ""早該了 "It is time for you to go to bed.你該睡覺(jué)了。It is time you went to bed.你早該睡覺(jué)了。would （had） rather sb. did sth.表示 ' 寧愿某人做某事'I'd rather you came tomorrow.4. wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過(guò)去時(shí)，作試探性的詢(xún)問(wèn)、請(qǐng)求、建議等。I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。比較：一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作 或狀態(tài)都已成為過(guò)

9、去，現(xiàn)已不復(fù)存在。Christine was an invalid all her life.（ 含義：她已不在人間。）Christine has been an invalid all her life.（ 含義：她現(xiàn)在還活著）Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.（ 含義：達(dá)比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。）Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.（ 含義：現(xiàn)在還住在肯塔基州，有可能指剛離去）注意： 用過(guò)去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在，表示委婉語(yǔ)氣。1. 動(dòng)詞 want, hope, wonder, th

10、ink, intend 等。Did you want anything else?I wondered if you could help me.2. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could, would.Could you lend me your bike?一般過(guò)去時(shí)- 疑問(wèn)句型過(guò)去時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句 可以分為兩類(lèi)。1. was / were, had （ 有 ）它們的一般疑問(wèn)句是將was / were, had 移到主語(yǔ)前面，否定句是直接在它們后面加上not。例如：He was very busy last Friday.Was he very busy last Friday? Yes, he was. /

11、No, he wasn't.He wasn't very busy last Friday.The girls were happy about it.Were the girls happy about it? Yes, they were. / No, they weren't.The girls were not happy about it.She had a car last year.Had she a car last year? Yes, she had. / No, she hadn't.She hadn't a car last ye

12、ar.2. 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的一般疑問(wèn)句，是在主語(yǔ)前加上did ；否定句是在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前加上 did not ，并將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞改為動(dòng)詞原形。請(qǐng)注意：過(guò)去時(shí)不分人稱(chēng)和單復(fù)數(shù)，都是加 did 或 did not 。 例如：Li Ming studied English this morning.Did Li Ming studied English this morning ？ Yes, he did. / No, he didn't.Li Ming didn't study English this morning.We often played badminton toget

13、her.Did you often played badminton together? Yes, we did. / No, we didn't.We didn't often play badminton together.其次， had 如果作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的話，也是加did 或 did not. 例如：They had a meeting last Friday.Did they have a meeting last Friday? Yes, they did. / No, they didn't.They didn't have a meeting la

14、st Friday.3. 過(guò)去時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句When did this happen? It happened in the Han Dynasty. 這是什么時(shí)候發(fā)生的事？是漢朝時(shí)發(fā)生的。How did you find the job? I found it in the newspaper.這工作你是怎么知道的？我從報(bào)紙上看到的。Who told you this? Mr. Green did. 這事是誰(shuí)告訴你的？是Mr. Green.- 三變技巧 一變：肯定句變?yōu)榉穸ň浼记?1. 當(dāng)句中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞could ， would， should 等時(shí)，可直接在其后面加 not 構(gòu)成

15、否定句。例如：I could get you a concert ticket.f I could not / couldn't get you aconcert ticket.技巧 2. 當(dāng)句中含有系動(dòng)詞was， were 時(shí)，可直接在其后加not 構(gòu)成否定句。例如：I was on the Internet when you called me. f I was not / wasn't on the Internet when you called me.技巧 3. 當(dāng)句中謂語(yǔ)是除情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞was, were 以外的動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在該動(dòng)詞之前加did not /

16、didn't ，動(dòng)詞還原，構(gòu)成否定句。例如：The famous singer sang some Chinese songs. f The famous singer did not/ didn't sing any Chinese songs.二變：陳述句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句技巧 1. 移動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)的位置。將was， were, could ， would， should 等移到句首。例如：He could pack his things himself. f Could he pack his things himself?技巧 2. 添加 助動(dòng)詞 did 。謂語(yǔ)是除情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 、助

17、動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞was, were 以外的動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在主語(yǔ)之前加did ，動(dòng)詞還原。例如：Mr Li looked very old. f Did Mr Li look very old?三變：陳述句變?yōu)樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句技巧 1. 確定疑問(wèn)詞：人 who/ whom， 物 what， 地點(diǎn)where， 時(shí)間 when/ what time ，原因why,頻率how often ,長(zhǎng)度how long ,距離how far等等。例如： They gave the concert last night. f When did they give the concert?技巧 2. 辨認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)形式：疑問(wèn)詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)

18、詞/助動(dòng)詞 / was / were / did +主語(yǔ)+.?例如：The accident happened near the station. f Where did the accident happen?- 句型比較般現(xiàn)在時(shí)要和現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間相聯(lián)系，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)和說(shuō)話的“現(xiàn)在”沒(méi)有聯(lián)系His father is a film director.他父親是電影導(dǎo)演。（ 他現(xiàn)在還是）His father was a film director.他父親曾是電影導(dǎo)演。（ 他現(xiàn)在不是）How do you like the novel?你覺(jué)得這部小說(shuō)怎么樣？（ 還在看小說(shuō)）How did you like the novel?你覺(jué)得這部小說(shuō)怎么樣？（ 已看完小說(shuō)）一般過(guò)去時(shí)- 句型口訣一般過(guò)去時(shí)并不難，表示過(guò)去動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)記心間。動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)句末站。否定句很簡(jiǎn)單，didn't 站在動(dòng)詞原形前，其它部分不要變。一般疑問(wèn)句也好變，did 放在句子前，主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞原形、其它部分依次站。特殊疑問(wèn)句也簡(jiǎn)單，疑問(wèn)詞加一般疑問(wèn)句記心間。最后一條請(qǐng)注意，動(dòng)詞過(guò)去