備戰(zhàn)高中英語高考高頻詞匯400題及詳解注釋知識點分析二

1、備戰(zhàn)2010高考英語：高頻詞匯400題及詳解注釋（二）51. TheworkmenmadesomuchthatMrs.Walkerhadtospendthreedayscleaningupafterwards.A.troubleB.damageC.messD.nuisance答案C.mess.注釋makemess弄得亂七八糟。Makeamessof"把弄得亂七八糟"：Hemadeamessofhiswork.(他把他的工作搞得亂七八糟。52. Theyhaveheldseveralmeetingstonextyear'sproductionplans.A.setdo

2、wnB.makeoutC.workupD.drawup答案D.drawup.注釋參閱III,42。本題譯文，他們已開過幾次會議來起草明年得生產(chǎn)計劃。53. Howcanwegetthislanguagepointtothestudents.A.downB.roundC.acrossD.into答案C.across.注釋參閱III,64注釋。本題譯文，我們怎樣才能把這個語言點向?qū)W生講清楚？54. Thisbookgivesabriefofthehistoryofthecastleanddetailsoftheartcollectioninthemainhall.A.outlineB.refere

3、nceC.articleD.outlook答案A.outline.注釋outline輪廓，概要；giveanoutlineofsth.概要說明某事。55. Dresswarmly,you'llcatchcold.A.onthecontraryB.orratherC.orelseD.innoway答案C.orelse.注釋orelse(=otherwise;ifnot)否貝U:Hurryup,or(else)you'llbelate.56. Kate'sambitiontobecomeanursefromadesiretohelpothers.A.promptedB.pr

4、omotedC.programmedD.proceeded答案D.proceeded.注釋proceedform(=ariseform)來自；由產(chǎn)生：1)Cloudsofsmokeproceededformthechimney.（從煙囪里升起縷縷濃煙。）2）Thisproceededfromignorance.（這是出于無知。）注意proceed的其他用法：（=goontodosth.;continue）接著（做某事）；繼續(xù)進行;1）Heproceededtogivemeavividdescriptionofthemountainousscenerythere.（他接著給我栩栩如生地描述那里的

5、山區(qū)景色。）2）接介詞with;Nowpleaseproceedwithyourstory.（現(xiàn)在請你接著將下去。）3）接介詞to:Wewillnowproceedtothenextbusiness.（我們現(xiàn)在將接著干下面的一件事。）4）準備取得（某種學位）：HewillproceedtothedegreeofM.A.thisyear.（他準備今年取得文科碩士學位。）本題譯文：凱特想當護士的志向出自于幫助他人的愿望。57. Theislandwheretheserarebirdsnesthasbeendeclareda.A.observationB.reservationC.preservat

6、ionD.conservation答案D.conservation.注釋conservation保存（自然資源等）theconservationofsoilandwater水土保持;thelawofconservationofenergy能量守恒定律。observation觀察;reservation（旅館房間、戲院座位等的）預定；保留（意見）；美保留地：1）Haveyoumakeyourreservations?（你預定了沒有？）2）Iwillacceptthesuggestionwithoutreservation.（我將毫無保留地接受這項建議。）3）Thegovernmenthasset

7、apartIndianreservations.（政府已經(jīng)劃出印地安人保留地。）preservation保存Wemuststriveforthepreservationofournaturalresources.（我們必須努力保護自然資源）conservation,preservation,reservation從漢語概念出發(fā)時很容易混淆。Conservation是動詞conserve派生的名詞，與原來動詞的意義相同，表示”保持、保存”時，強調(diào)“珍惜、節(jié)用。Preservation是動詞preserve派生的名詞，強調(diào)“收藏、保存”使之完好無損或質(zhì)量不變；常與食品、博物館收藏的展品等詞搭配。R

8、eservation主要指意見、看法等的“保留”；作“保留地”解時，尤指美國印地安人保留地或澳大利亞土著民族保留地。本題指自然生態(tài)的保持，用conservation最切題。本題譯文：這個珍禽巢居的島已宣布為自然保護區(qū)。58. AlthoughJohnwastheeldestinthefamily,healwayslethissisterchargeofthehouse.A.takeB.holdC.makeD.get答案A.take.負責、掌管、注釋takechargeof（=tobeorbecomeresponsibleforsb.orsth.）看管;Hetookchargeofthedepa

9、rtment（orthechildren）59. Thechildenjoyedupthewoodenbricksthenknockingthemdown.A.addingB.pushingC.pilingD.forming答案C.piling.注釋pileup（=layinapileorasifinapile）才巴放成一堆，堆積：pileupthebooksonthetable（把書堆在桌子上）。Pileup作不及物動詞用，意為“積壓；（若干汽車）相撞“：1）Perishablegoodsarepilingupatthedocks.（碼頭上易腐爛的貨物堆積如山。）2）Severalcarsp

10、iledupafterignoringthefogwarningonthemotorway.（由于無視高速公路上的大霧警告，有好幾輛汽車相撞。）60. Johnwasveryupsetbecausehewasbythepolicewithbreakingthelaw.A.accusedB.arrestedC.sentencedD.charged答案D.charged.注釋bechargedwith受指控犯有;Hewaschargedwithmurder.（他受指控犯有兇殺罪。）61.1 tisn'tquitethathewillbepresentatthemeeting.A.sureB

11、.rightC.exactD.certain答案D.certain.注釋Iamsurethat+從句。Heissuretocome.=Heiscertaintocome.但在it作形式主語，that引導主語從句時，主句中表語只能用certain,不能用sure.62. Manynewwillbeopenedupinthefutureforthosewithauniversityeducation.A.opportunitiesB.realitiesC.necessitiesD.probabilities答案A.opportunities.注釋opportunity常指“（難得的應抓住的）機會”

12、，既可作可數(shù)名詞，也可以作不可數(shù)名t用，如：Ihadfewopportunitiesofmeetinginterestingpeoplethere.Theyhadnotmuchopportunityforhearinggoodmusicintheremotearea.63. Themembersoftheclubwouldn'trunainentrusting（委托）theorganizationtoanunreliableperson.A.dangerB.riskC.hazardD.chance答案B.risk.注釋runarisk(in)冒險：Youarerunningabigri

13、skintrustinghim.本題譯文：俱樂部成員不愿冒險把這個組織委托給一個不可靠的人管理。64. Themeetingwaswhenthechairmanfellill.A.putdownB.shutoutC.cutshortD.takenoff答案C.cutshort.注釋cutshort（=interrupt）打斷，中斷：1）Hemadeasuggestion,butIcuthimshort.（他提了個建議，但我打斷了他。）2）Hecutshorthistourandreturnedhome.（他中斷旅行，回家了。）shutoff（=cutoff,interrupt）切斷，中斷；由指

14、切斷供應等，如：Thewaterwasshutoffforseveralhourswhiletheplumberrepairedthepipes.Shutout（=keepout;exclude;preventformentering）把關(guān)在夕卜面,排除，不讓入內(nèi)：1）Heshutthecatout.（他把貓關(guān)在外面。）2）Thelawwasdesignedtoshutoutimmigrants.（這項法律旨在拒絕移民入竟。）3）Theyshutoutthedustbyhavingdoublewindows.（他們用雙層窗戶防塵。）4）TheybegintospeakFrench,shutti

15、ngouttheboyfromtheirconversation.（他們講起法語來，使這個男孩無法參加他們的談話。）65. Johnsaysthathispresentjobdoesnotprovidehimwithenoughforhisorganizingability.A.scopeB.spaceC.capacityD.range答案A.scope.注釋本題中scope（=opportunity;outlet）施展機會，發(fā)展余地，是不可數(shù)名詞，如：Givesomeonescopetoshowhisability.Range意指"變動范圍；視聽范圍；理解范圍”，如：therang

16、eofprices（價格變動范圍）.66. IjustmanagedtoaquickbreathbeforeIwassuckedunderthewaterbythepassingboat.A.snatchB.scratchC.scrapeD.scan答案A.snatch.注釋snatch的原義是“攫取；抓??；奪得”。本題中snatch意指“匆忙間設(shè)法得到”，如：Hesnatchedanhourofsleep.（他匆匆睡了一小時覺。）snatchaquickbreath（匆忙猛吸了一口氣）。67. Mybrotherlikeseatingverymuchbutheisn'tveryabo

17、utthefoodheeats.A.specialB.peculiarC.particularD.unusual答案C.particular.注釋beparticularabout講究,挑易U;Sheisveryparticularaboutwhatshewears.（她對她得穿著很講究。）Mr.Smithwasquiteparticularaboutmywork.（史密斯先生對工作十分挑剔。）68. Idon'tthinkthechargeforoverhauling（大修）theequipmentisexcessiveintoitssize.A.correspondenceB.eq

18、uationC.proportionD.dimension答案C.proportion.注釋inproportionto是固定搭配，意為“與.成比例，與相稱"。反義語：outofproportion不成比例，不相稱。本題稱。本題譯文：我認為該設(shè)備的大修費并不過分，是與它的大小相稱的。69. Voiceswereastheargumentbetweenthetwomotoristsbecamemorebad-tempered.A.swollenB.raisedC.developedD.increased答案B.raised.注釋raise（=liftup）one'svoice提

19、高嗓,高聲叫喊。Raiseone'svoiceagainststh.意為“為抗議某事而大聲疾呼“，如：Asnooneraisedhisvoiceagainsttheplan,itwasagreedon.（因為沒有人發(fā)表反對意見，該計劃就一致通過了。）voice的常用習語有：thepublicvoice（輿論）,underone'svoice（小聲地）,withonevoice（異口同聲地，一致地）,loseone'svoice（嗓子啞了，說不出話來），havenovoicewith（對某事無發(fā)言權(quán)）。70. Havinglivedinthetownforquiteafe

20、wyears,Mr.Johnsonnolongerfeltamongthelocalpeople.A.outoforderB.outofplaceC.outofcontrolD.outofthequestion答案B.outofplace.注釋outofplace（=inthewrongplaceoratthewrongtime;notsuitable;improper）（作表語用）不適宜,不得體：1）Joanwastheonlygirlwhoworeaformalattheparty,andshefeltoutofplace.（=Shefeltembarrassedbecauseherdre

21、sswasnotsuitablefortheparty.）2）ItwasoutofplaceforRusselltolaughattheoldlady.（=Itwasnotproper;sheshouldnothavedoneit.）此夕卜，outofplace（=notintherightusualplaceorposition）（作狀語用）不在原來通常的地方：Helenfellandknockedoneofherteethoutofplace.Outoforder發(fā)生故障；失調(diào)。Outofcontrol失去控制。Outofthequestion不可能的。71. Hestoppedhisea

22、rswithhishandstotheterriblenoise.A.showoffB.cutoutC.keepfromD.shutout答案D.shutout.注釋shutout排除。參看IV.64。showoff炫耀；cutout刪掉；keepfrom;1）隱瞞；Shekeptthetruthfromme.（她向我隱瞞真相。）2）不沾，避開；Hekeepsfromalcohol.（他滴酒不沾。）3）使不做某事：Shekeptherselffromlaughing.（她沒有笑出來。）72.Myhouseistheonlybrickoneonthestreet.Itandyoucan'

23、tmissit.A.standsupB.looksoutC.sticksoutD.wipesout答案C.stickout.注釋stickout（=protrude,project）伸出，突出；顯露，顯眼：1）Thedoctoraskedhimtostickhistongueout.2）Spellingmistakesstickoutinthiscomposition.（這篇作文中拼寫錯誤很顯眼。）stickout（=enduretotheend）堅持到底；Ifyoucanstickoutabitlonger,everythingwillbeallright.（假如你能在堅持一下,一切都會好起

24、來。）wipeout擦去，消滅，參看III.193.注釋.73. Aftertheshow,thecrowdoutofthetheater.A.pouredB.meltedC.drewD.dismissed答案A.poured.注釋pour此處意為：涌出，涌來，如：Peoplepouredouttotherally.（人們踴躍參加群眾大會。）74. Althoughitisnotournormaltogivecredit,thistimeIthinkweshouldconsiderthemattermoreclosely.A.stateB.intentionC.occasionD.practi

25、ce答案D.practice.注釋practice（=wayofdoingsth.Thatiscommonerhabitual;sth.doneregularly）做法，慣例:Itismypracticealwaystoriseearly.Togivecredit讓賒欠：Nocreditisgivenatthisshop.（這家商店概不賒欠。）75. Itgavemeastrangefeelingofexcitementtoseemynamein.A.newsB.printC.publicationD.press答案B.print.注釋inprint是習語，意指“印出來，發(fā)表出來”，如：She

26、finallysawhernovelinprint.（她終于看到他的小說出版了。）inprint的另一個意思是“在印行，還在發(fā)行“，如：Thisbookisstillinprint.（這本書還在發(fā)行，可以買到）反義詞是outofprint,意指“不在印行，買不到了?！比纾篢hebookyouspeakofisoutofprint.（你說到的那本書已不在發(fā)行了。）76. Theengineershaverejectedtheemployers'proposalstoendthestrikeandtheotherworkershavecomeoutin.A.oppositionB.retu

27、rnC.sympathyD.readiness答案C.sympathy.注釋insympathy以示同情，comeout此處意為（=declareoneself）表明態(tài)度，所以comeoutinsympathy意為"表示同情"。Inreturn作為寸艮答，如：Iwantednothinginreturn.（我不要什么報答。）collaboration協(xié)作，如：workincollaborationwithsb.（與某人協(xié)力合作）。Opposition反對，如：riseinoppositionto（起來反對）。readiness準備（狀態(tài)）；彳寺機，如：havingevery

28、thinginreadinessfordeparture（做好一切準備，以便出發(fā)）。77. Herworkisoftenveryhardandshegetsverytired.Theworkis.A.wonderfulB.splendidC.tediousD.magnificent答案C.tedious.注釋tedious（=tiresome;wearying;uninteresting）"沉悶的，厭煩的，乏味的“。Splendid壯麗的，輝煌的，極好的。magnificent壯麗的，宏偉的：Itwasamagnificentceremony.（這是一次盛大隆重的儀式）。78. Wi

29、thpricessomuch,it'shardforthecompanytoplanabudget.A.fluctuatingB.wavingC.swingingD.vibrating答案A.fluctuating注釋本句前一部分是"with+名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞短語"的獨立結(jié)構(gòu),做狀語。Fluctuate（=moveupanddown）（指物價,標準等的）波動。如：Pricesfluctuatefromyeartoyear.（物價年年波動）wave飄揚，揮舞；招手；（莊稼的）波動。Swing擺動，搖擺；vibrate振動?？梢?，根據(jù)題意，只能選A.fluctuating

30、.79. Someteenagershaveageneralizedresentmentagainstsociety,whichthemtherightsandprivilegesofadults,althoughphysicallytheyaremature.A.deprivesB.restrictsC.rejectsD.denies答案D.denies.注釋deny（=refusetogiveorallow）拒絕給予：Hedeniedhischildrennothing.（孩子們要什么他就給什么。）deprive（=takeawayfrom）.錄U奪。deprivesb.ofsth.剝奪某

31、人某物：Theydeprivedwomenoftherighttovote.（他們剝奪了婦女的投票權(quán)。）restrict（=keepwithinlimits）Thedoctorrestrictedhimto5cigarettesaday.（醫(yī)生限制他一天抽5支煙。）reject（refusetoaccept）拒絕接受，如：Sherejectedmysuggestion.本題譯文：一些十幾歲的孩子們往往對社會有普遍的逆反心理，雖然他們發(fā)育成熟，但社會拒絕給予他們同成年人一樣的權(quán)利和優(yōu)惠。80. ThoughinSanFrancisco,DaveMitchellhadalwayspreferred

32、torecordtheplainfactsofsmall-townlife.A.raisedB.grownC.developedD.cultivated答案A.raised注釋本句中ThoughraisedinSanFranciscos是省略的讓步狀語從句。Raise（=bringup）撫養(yǎng)：grow種植；cultivate耕彳;培養(yǎng)（友誼等）。如cultivate后接某人，則意為“培養(yǎng)與某人的感情“。如：Johnalwaystriestocultivatethepeople,whoareusefultohimprofessionally.（約翰一向喜歡與事業(yè)上對他有用的人來往。）本題譯文：盡

33、管在舊金山長大，但戴夫米切爾總是愿意把小鎮(zhèn)生活中平凡的事情記載下來。81. I'mafraidthispaintingisnotbyPicasso.It'sonlyacopyandsoit's.A.pricelessB.invaluableC.unworthyD.worthless答案D.worthless.注釋worthless無價值的，無用的。Priceless無價的，貴重的，無法估價的:pricelesstreasure無價之寶。Invaluable無法估價的,非常寶貴的。Unworthy不值得的，不配的；無價值的。82. Thefinaloftheplaywil

34、ltakeplaceonMonday.A.actionB.performanceC.viewD.sight答案B.performance.注釋performance（話劇的）一場演出。83. Itwasalongtimebeforethecutonmyhandcompletely.A.healedB.curedC.improvedD.recovered答案A.healed.注釋heal1）使痊愈，治愈：Thesalvewillhelptohealthewound.（這種藥膏能治愈你的傷。）2）痊愈（多指外傷）：Thecutonmyleghashealed.（我腿上的傷口以痊愈。）可見，本題是h

35、eal的第二種用法。cure治療，治好；Thedrugcuredmyfever.（這種藥使我退燒了。）Thismedicineshouldcureyouofyourcold.（這種藥定會治好你的感冒。）recover也可以表示"痊愈"，意為"恢復正常"。例如：1）Ithinkshewillrecover.（我認為她會痊愈的。）2）Healmostfellill,butquicklyrecovered.（他差點病到，但很快就痊愈了。）也可以用recovered做表語表示“痊愈，恢復正常：Areyoucompletelyrecoveredfromyouril

36、lness?（你的病是不是完全好了?）注意recovervi.用作"痊愈"時，句子主語通常是人。Improve改善，此詞無“治療”或“痊愈”之意。本題譯文：過了很長時間我手上的傷口才痊愈。84. Togetmytravelers'checksIhadtohavethebankaspecialcheckforthetotalamount.A.makeupB.makeoutC.makeforD.makeupfor答案B.makeout.注釋makeout辨別，詳見III.123.注釋.85. Shesaidshewasgladthedifficultyhadbeen.A

37、.clearedawayB.clearedupC.brokenawayD.brokendown答案B.clearedup.注釋clearup解釋，澄?#;解決：1）Ihadsomedoubts,butnowtheyareclearedup.（以前我有許多疑點,但現(xiàn)在都解決了。）2）Thebookhasclearedupmanydifficultiesforme.（這本書解決了我不少困難。）clearaway清除。詳見III.32.breakaway和breakdown詳見出.6,7,11.注釋.86. IusedtobeabletoplaywellbutI'mnow.A.outofda

38、teB.outoftouchC.outofpracticeD.outofplace答案C.outofpractice.注釋outofpractice荒廢，久不練習；outofdate過時，老式；outoftouch失去聯(lián)系；outofplace詳見III,70注釋。87. Assoonasthechildrenwere,theirmothergotthemoutofbedandintothebathroom.A.wokeB.wakenC.wakeD.awake答案D.awake.注釋awakeadj.醒著的（作表語）。Awake,awaken,wake,waken都可以作及物和不及物動詞用，但

39、是awake多用作不及物動詞，其中wake最常用。88. Jimwassobadlyburntthatatfirsttheybegantoofhislife.A.despairB.designateC.disappointD.despise答案A.despair.注釋despairof（=beindespair）失望：1）Don'tdespair:thingswillgetbettersoon.2）Hebegantodespairofsuccess.3）HedespairedofbeingabletorepairtheTVset.（他對能否修好這臺電視機表示失望。）designate指

40、明，指出，despise輕視，藐視。89. Thegovernment'sstrongactiondemonstrateditstocrushtherebellion.A.energyB.resistanceC.courageD.determination答案D.determination.注釋determination意為"決心”，后常接動詞不定式作定語。90. NewmineralresourcesmaybediscoveredduringtheforthcomingAntarctic.A.excursionB.executionC.extractionD.expedit

41、ion答案D.expedition.注釋expedition遠征，探險；excursion短途旅行，游覽；execution實施，執(zhí)彳f;extraction提取。91. Probabilityisthemathematicalstudyoftheofanevent'soccurrence.A.desireB.likelihoodC.resultD.effect答案B.likelihood注釋句意：概率是對事件發(fā)生的可能性的數(shù)學研究。92. Drivingacarwithoutinsurancecanhaveconsequences.A.uncertainB.disastrousC.p

42、otentialD.unworthy答案B.disastrous.注釋disastrous災難性的。93. Thepolicerefusedtothecluestheywereworkingon.A.exhibitB.discloseC.exposeD.discern答案B.disclose.注釋disclose(=uncover;allowtobeseen;makeknown)透露，使顯露：1)Thelawyerdisclosedthedetailsofthecase.2)Hedisclosedthathehadmadearrangementstobuyanewcar.exhibit展覽,展出,顯示,expose暴露,discern認出，發(fā)現(xiàn)，辨別，識別。本題譯文：警方拒絕透露他們正在調(diào)查的線索。94. Whatyouhavedoneisthedoctor'sorders.A.attachedtoB.resistanttoC.responsibletoD.contraryto答案D.contraryto.注釋(be)contraryto與相反，違反(作表語):Whatyouwishtodoiscontrarytotheregulations.contraryto也可以作狀語：a.Ifyouactcontrarytothedoctor'sadvice