高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法教案(全套)及配套練習(xí)

1、中國(guó)考試在線 高考 教案 試卷 總結(jié) 計(jì)劃 論文 教師招聘高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法教案(全套)及配套練習(xí)1. 名詞 名詞可以分為專有名詞和普通名詞，專有名詞是某個(gè)（些）人，地方，機(jī)構(gòu)等專有的名稱，如Beijing，China等。普通名詞是一類人或東西或是一個(gè)抽象概念的名詞，如：book，sadness等。普通名詞又可分為下面四類： 1）個(gè)體名詞：表示某類人或東西中的個(gè)體，如：gun。 2）集體名詞：表示若干個(gè)個(gè)體組成的集合體，如：family。 3）物質(zhì)名詞：表示無(wú)法分為個(gè)體的實(shí)物，如：air。 4）抽象名詞：表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)、品質(zhì)、感情等抽象概念，如：work。 個(gè)體名詞和集體名詞可以用數(shù)目來(lái)計(jì)算，稱為可

2、數(shù)名詞，物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞一般無(wú)法用數(shù)目計(jì)算，稱為不可數(shù)名詞。歸納一下，名詞的分類可以下圖表示： 名詞 專有名詞 不可數(shù)名詞 普通名詞 物質(zhì)名詞 抽象名詞 集體名詞 可數(shù)名詞 個(gè)體名詞 1.1 名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化 情況 構(gòu)成方法 讀音 例詞 一般情況 加 -s 清輔音后讀/s/ map-maps 濁輔音和元音后讀 /z/ bag-bags /car-cars 以s, sh, ch, x等結(jié)尾 加 -es 讀 /iz/ bus-buses/ watch-watches 以ce, se, ze,等結(jié)尾 加 -s 讀 /iz/ license-licenses 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾 變y 為i再加es

3、 讀 /z/ baby-babies 1.2 其它名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化 1） 以y結(jié)尾的專有名詞，或元音字母+y 結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，直接加s變復(fù)數(shù)。例如： two Marys the Henrys monkey-monkeys holiday-holidays 2） 以o 結(jié)尾的名詞，變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)： a. 加s，如： photo-photos piano-pianos radio-radios zoo-zoos； b. 加es，如：potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes c. 上述a和b兩種方法均可，如zero-zeros / zeroes。 3） 以f或fe 結(jié)尾的名詞變

4、復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)： a. 加s，如： belief-beliefs roof-roofs safe-safes gulf-gulfs； b. 去f,fe 加ves，如：half-halves knife-knivesleaf-leaves wolf-wolves wife-wives life-lives thief-thieves； c. 上述a和b兩種方法均可，如handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves。 1.3 名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化 1） child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice man-men

5、woman-women 注意：由一個(gè)詞加 man 或 woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是 -men 和-women，如an Englishman，two Englishmen。但German不是合成詞，故復(fù)數(shù)形式為Germans；Bowman是姓，其復(fù)數(shù)是the Bowmans。 2） 單復(fù)同形，如deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese ，li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin等。但除人民幣的元、角、分外，美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters。 3

6、）集體名詞，以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，但實(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)。例如： peoplepolicecattle 等本身就是復(fù)數(shù)，不能說(shuō) a people，a police，a cattle，但可以說(shuō)a person，a policeman，a head of cattle, the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名詞，表示國(guó)民總稱時(shí)，作復(fù)數(shù)用，如The Chinese are industries and brave.中國(guó)人民是勤勞勇敢的。 4） 以s結(jié)尾，仍為單數(shù)的名詞，如： a. maths，politics，p

7、hysics等學(xué)科名詞，一般是不可數(shù)名詞，為單數(shù)。 b. news 為不可數(shù)名詞。 c. the United States，the United Nations 應(yīng)視為單數(shù)。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 聯(lián)合國(guó)是1945年組建起來(lái)的。 d. 以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的書名，劇名，報(bào)紙，雜志名，也可視為單數(shù)。例如： The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book. 一千零一夜是一本非常有趣的故事書。 5） 表示由兩部分構(gòu)成的東西，如：glasses （眼鏡）trousers,clothes等，

8、若表達(dá)具體數(shù)目，要借助數(shù)量詞 pair（對(duì)，雙）;suit（套）; a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers等。 6） 另外還有一些名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式有時(shí)可表示特別意思，如：goods貨物，waters水域，fishes（各種）魚。 1.4 不可數(shù)名詞量的表示 1）物質(zhì)名詞 a. 當(dāng)物質(zhì)名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為個(gè)體名詞時(shí)為可數(shù)。 比較：Cake is a kind of food.蛋糕是一種食物。 （不可數(shù)） These cakes are sweet.這些蛋糕很好吃。 （可數(shù)） b. 當(dāng)物質(zhì)名詞表示該物質(zhì)的種類時(shí)，可數(shù)。例如： This factory produce

9、s steel.（不可數(shù)） We need various steels.（可數(shù)） c. 當(dāng)物質(zhì)名詞表示份數(shù)時(shí)，可數(shù)。例如： Our country is famous for tea. 我國(guó)因茶葉而聞名。 Two teas, please. 請(qǐng)來(lái)兩杯茶。 2） 抽象名詞表示具體的事例時(shí)也可數(shù)。例如： four freedoms 四大自由 the four modernizations四個(gè)現(xiàn)代化 物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞可以借助單位詞表一定的數(shù)量，如a glass of water 一杯水/ a piece of advice一則建議。 5. 定語(yǔ)名詞的復(fù)數(shù) 名詞作定語(yǔ)一般用單數(shù)，但也有以下例外。

10、1) 用復(fù)數(shù)作定語(yǔ)。例如： sports meeting 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì) students reading-room 學(xué)生閱覽室 talks table 談判桌 the foreign languages department 外語(yǔ)系 2） man, woman, gentleman等作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，其單復(fù)數(shù)以所修飾的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。例如： men workerswomen teachersgentlemen officials 3） 有些原有s結(jié)尾的名詞，作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，s保留。例如： goods train （貨車） arms produce武器生產(chǎn) customs papers 海關(guān)文件 clothes

11、brush 衣刷 4） 數(shù)詞+名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，這個(gè)名詞一般保留單數(shù)形式。例如： two-dozen eggs兩打雞蛋 a ten-mile walk 十英里路 two-hundred trees 兩百棵樹 a five-year plan.一個(gè)五年計(jì)劃 1.6 不同國(guó)籍人的單復(fù)數(shù) 國(guó)籍 總稱（謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)） 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 中國(guó)人 the Chinese a Chinese two Chinese 瑞士人 the Swiss a Swiss two Swiss 澳大利亞人 the Australians an Australian two Australians 俄國(guó)人 the Russians a

12、Russian two Russians 意大利人 the Italians an Italian two Italians 希臘人 the Greek a Greek two Greeks 法國(guó)人 the French a Frenchman two Frenchmen 日本人 the Japanese a Japanese two Japanese 美國(guó)人 the Americans an American two Americans 印度人 the Indians an Indian two Indians 加拿大人 the Canadians a Canadian two Canadi

13、ans 德國(guó)人 the Germans a Germans two Germans 英國(guó)人 the English an Englishman two Englishmen 瑞典人 the Swedish a Swede two Swedes 1.7 名詞的格 英語(yǔ)中有些名詞可以加s來(lái)表示所有關(guān)系，帶這種詞尾的名詞形式稱為該名詞的所有格，如：a teachers book。名詞所有格的規(guī)則如下： 1） 單數(shù)名詞詞尾加s，復(fù)數(shù)名詞詞尾沒(méi)有s，也要加s，如the boys bag 男孩的書包，mens room 男廁所。 2） 若名詞已有復(fù)數(shù)詞尾-s ，只加 ，如：the workers stru

14、ggle工人的斗爭(zhēng)。 3） 凡不能加s的名詞，都可以用名詞+of +名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示所有關(guān)系，如：the title of the song 歌的名字。 4） 在表示店鋪或教堂的名字或某人的家時(shí)，名詞所有格的后面常常不出現(xiàn)它所修飾的名詞，如：the barbers 理發(fā)店。 5） 如果兩個(gè)名詞并列，并且分別有s，則表示分別有；只有一個(gè)s，則表示共有。例如： Johns and Marys rooms（兩間）John and Marys room（一間） 6） 復(fù)合名詞或短語(yǔ)，s 加在最后一個(gè)詞的詞尾。例如：a month or twos absence 1.8 練習(xí) 1. He was eag

15、er to make some extra money, since during these years he could hardly live on his_. a little wage b. few wage c. wage d. wages 2. Most of the houses in the village were burnt to _ during the war. a. an ash b. the ash c. ash d. ashes 3. The students at colleges or universities are making _ for the co

16、ming New Year. a.many preparations b. much preparation c. preparations d. preparation 4. Painting in _ is one of their spare-time activities. a. oil b. an oil c. oils d. the oil 5. In the view of the foreign experts, there wasnt _ oil here. a. much b. lots of c. a great deal of d. many 6. The large

17、houses are being painted, but _. a. of great expense b. at a great expense c. in a lot of expenses d. by high expense 7. The room was small and contained far too _. a.much new furniture c. much new furnitures b.many new furniture d. many new furnitures 8. Jim was late for two classes this morning. H

18、e said that he forgot both of the _. a. rooms number b. room number c. rooms numbers d. room numbers 9.Computers can do _ work in a short time, but a man can not do _ by himself. a great manymany c. mucha great deal b. a great deal ofmuch d. manya great many 10. She didnt know _ he had been given. a

19、. how many information c. how many informations b. the number of information d. how much information 11. He invited all of his _ to join his wedding party. a. comrade-in-arms c. comrades-in-arm b. comrades-in-arms d. comrade-in-arm 12. All the _ in the hospital got a rise last month. a. women doctor

20、s c. woman doctors b. women doctor d. woman doctor 13.After ten years, all these youngsters became_. a. growns-ups c. growns-up b. grown-up d. grown-ups 14.The police investigated those _ about the accident. a. stander-by c. standers-by b. stander-bys d. standers-bys 15.The Nazi kept those _ in thei

21、r concentration camp. a.prisoner-of-wars c. prisoners-of-war b.prisoners-of-wars d. prisoner-of-war 16.The manager was greatly appreciate that _ made by Linda lately. a. new reel b. news reel c. new-reels d. news reels 17.Marys dress is similar in appearance to her _. a. elder sister b. elder sister

22、s c. elder sisters d. elder sisters dress 18.All the people at the conference are _. a. mathematic teachers c. mathematics teacher b.mathematics teachers d. mathematics teachers 19.Professor Mackay told us that _ of lead are its softness and its resistance. a. some property c. properties b. some pro

23、perties d. property 20.Physics _ with matter and motion. a. deal b. deals c. dealing d. are 21.He has written several books, but his last works _ well known among his friends. a. have b. have been c. is d. are 22.After he checked up my _ heart, the doctor advised him to rest for a few days. a. fathe

24、r-in-laws c. fathers-in-law b. father-in-law d. fathers-in-laws 23.He told me _ would come to his birthday party. a. many Jack friends c. many Jacks friend b. Jacks many friends d. many friends of Jacks 24.I had my hair cut at the _ around the corner. a.barber b. barbers c. barbers d. barbers 25.Yes

25、terday evening we had a lovely evening at _. a. Peter and Helens c. Peter and Helen b. Peter and Helens d. Peters and Helens 26._ receives only a small portion of the total amount of the suns energy. a. The earths surface c. The surface of earth b. The surface earth d. The earth surface 27.Numerous

26、materials are available to _. a. today of designers c. todays of designers b. todays designers d. today designers 28.Why did you speak to Peter that way? Dont you know he is an old friend of _? a. my brother b. my brothers c. my brothers d. my brothers friend 29._ is a well-informed man. He can tell

27、 you anything you want to know. a. This Johns old friend c. Thats Jahns old friend b. This old friend of John d. This old friend of Johns 30._ is too much for a little boy to carry. a.A bikes weight c. The weight of a bike b.The weights of a bike d. Biles weight 31.Generally there are _ television p

28、rograms for children on Saturday. a.little b. much c. a large number of d. a large amount of 32.When they got to the lecture-room, there were _ left. a.only few seats b. a very few seats c. only a few seats d. so a few seats 33._ travels faster when the zip code is indicated on the envelope. a. A li

29、ttle mail b. A piece of mail c. A mail d. A small mail 34.The Department purchased _ to improve the working conditions there. a. a new equipment c. new equipments b. a new piece of equipment d. new pieces of equipments 35.The boy tried hard but there has been _ in his work. a.little improvement c. m

30、any improvements b. a little improvement d. few improvements 36.Todays modern TV cameras require _ light as compared with the earlier models. a. only a few b. only few c. only a little d. only little 37.No country can afford to neglect _. a.an education b. educations c. education d. the education 38

31、.Please write the answers to the questions at the end of _. a. eighth chapter b. chapter eight c. eight chapter d. chapter the eight 39._ is only surpassed by that of monkeys and apes. a.The intelligent dog c. The intelligence of dogs b.The dogs whose intelligence d. The dogs being intelligent 40.Al

32、l _ must take the graduate Management Admission Test. a. business student b. businesss students c. business students d. businesss student 41._ anywhere in the United States costs less than a dollar when you dial it yourself. a.Three minutes call c. A three-minutes call b.Three-minute call d. A three

33、-minute call 42.The _ about nuclear energy revolves around the waste problem. a.publics chief concern c. chief public concern b.public chief concern d. chief concern of publics 43._ the first and largest ethnic group to work on the construction of the transcontinental railroad. a. Chinese were b. Th

34、e Chinese was c. Chinese was d. The Chinese were 44._ can get a better view of the game than the participants. a.Looker-on b. Lookers-on c. Looker-ons c. Lookers-ons 45.A group of spectators was dispersed by the police who _ at the scene of the accidents within minutes. a. were b. have been c. was d

35、. has been 46.Our livestock _ not as numerous as they used to be. a.is b. are c. be d. been 47.One of the most surprising things is that _ may come from petroleum. a. much of tomorrow food c. many of tomorrows food b. much of the food of tomorrow d. much of tomorrows food 48.Scott is an orphan but h

36、e received _. a.very good education c. a very good education b.very good educations d. many good educations 49.After several days hardworking, we have made _ on the design. a. much improvement c. many improvement b. several improvements d. some improvement 50.The boy was very happy that his mother b

37、ought him a new pair of shoes at a _ yesterday. a.shoes shop b. shoe shop c. shoess shop d. shoes 51.Eggs, though nourishing, have _ of fat content. a.large number b. a large number c. a high amount d. the high amount 52.He has done some _ on that subject from various angles over the past ten years.

38、 a.research b. a research c. researches d. the researches 53.Recently, he has lost all his _. a.wage and saving at card c. wages and saving at card b.wages and savings at card d. wages and savings at cards 54.The countrys wealth comes chiefly from its many _. a.herd of cattle b. heard of cattles c.

39、herds of cattle d. herds of cattles 55.In Britain the _ are all painted red. a.letter boxes b. letters box c. letters boxes d. letterss box 56.Ten years had passed. I found she had _. a.a little white hair c. a few white hair b.some white hair d. much white hair 57.All his _ far from satisfaction a.

40、 conduct is b. conduct are c. conducts is d. conducts will be 58.Although the town had been attacked by the storm several times, _ was done. a. a few damages b. few damages c. little damage d. a little damage 59.He was _ what to do. a. at his wit end b. at his wits end c. at his wits end d. at his w

41、itss end 60.Would you like to have a cup of tea and _ with me? a two toasts b. two pieces of toast c. two piece of toasts d. tow pieces of toasts 61.Accurate _ covering the fact are not obtainable. a. datum b. datums c. data d. datas 62.On Monday morning some teachers exchanged a few _. a. how-are-y

42、ous c. how-are-yous b. of how-are-yous d. of how are you 63.Albert said he met the girl _ a. at his uncles Smith room c. at his uncle Smiths room b. at Smiths his uncles room d. at the room of his uncles Smiths 64.It is four months since I last saw Keats _. a. at Mrt Smiths ,the book seller c. at my

43、 aunts, a book seller b. at my aunts, Mrs Palmers d. at Mrs Palmers, the book sellers 65.This room is _. a. the editors-in-chiefs office c. the editor-in-chiefs office b. the editor-in-chief office d. the editors-in-chief office 66.My old classmate, Comrade Sun ,works at _. a. a teacher college c. a

44、 teachers college b. a teacherss college d. a college of a teachers 67.The policemen put the criminal _. a. in a iron b. into a iron c. in irons d. into a pair of iron 68.Our teacher gave me _. a. an advice b. the advice c. many advice d. much advice 69.My mother cut the cloth with _ scissors. a. a

45、b. two c. a couple of d. a pair of 70.My house is within _ from the railway station. a. a stones throw b. a throw of a stone c. stones throw d. the stones throw 附：介詞練習(xí) 1. She is such an irritating woman, I dont know how you can _ her. a. put up b. stand up to c. stand with d. put up with 2. To get m

46、y travelers check I had to _ a special check to the bank for the total amount. a. make for b. make out c. make off d. make up 3. Little boys are easily _. a. taken in b. taken away c. taken out d. taken over 4. The company is going to hand _ the free samples tomorrow. a. up b. out c. on d. down 5. I

47、t was purely _ chance that the mistake was discovered. a. in b. for c. by d. from 6. The magician picked several persons _ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance. a. by accident b. on occasion c. on average d. at random 7. I left for the office earlier than usual this morn

48、ing _ traffic jam. a. in case of b. in line with c. for the sake of d. at the risk of 8. Some areas, _ their severe weather conditions, are hardly populated. a. but for b. in spite of c. due to d. with regard to 9. Visitors are asked to comply _ the regulations. a. at b. in c. with d. on 10. He _ so

49、 much work that he couldnt really do it efficiently. a. put on b. took on c. brought on d. turned on 11.In order to save time, I _ my shopping to once a week. a. cut off b. cut out c. cut up d. cut down 12.The idea has _ that science cannot be wrong. a. piled up b. picked up c. grown up d. put up 13

50、.he did everything he could to prevent if from _ into fighting. a. breaking off b. breaking up c. breaking out d. breaking of 14.The construction of the new building will cost _ 1,000,000 dollars, and its not easy to get so much money. a. at last b. at most c. at least d. at large 15.The thief ran a

51、way as fast as he could _ the policeman. a. in sight b. within the sight of c. within sight d. at the sight of 16.For too long, European can makers have fought to _ old ways and old privileges. a. hang on to b. have access to c. refer to d. see to 17.Whoever _ a full nights sleep will be more than r

52、ewarded in heightened productivity, creativity and focus. a. invests at b. invests in c. invests by d. invests with 18.Prior _ his departure, he wrote a letter to his mother. a. of b. from c. to d. in 19.The company is very famous _ the high quality of its products. a. in b. for c. by d. with 20.Onc

53、e he was given a chance to improve his position in the firm, he seized it _ both hands and is now on his way to the top. a. on b. at c. in d. with 21.These misfortunes almost deprived him _ his future career. a. with b. of c. from d. beyond 22.I dont _ the expense; I want the party to be a real succ

54、ess. a. care for b. care about c. be in care of d. take care of 23.We must get the roof mended before the wet weather sets _. a. about b. on c. up d. in 24.The car pulled _ beside me and the driver asked me to way to the Great Wall. a. down b. off c. up d. out 25.After the war, many warships were laid _ as they were not needed any longer. a. up b. aside c. down d. over 26.When the rebellion died _ things quickly returned to normal. a. out b. away c. down d. through 27.Ill pick you _ at your college gate and take you straight to the station. a. on b. off c. out d. up 28.Will you plea