新概念英語第一冊(cè)143--144課PPT

1、Lesson 143 A walk through the woodsNew words and expressions 。1.surround v. 包圍包圍be surrounded by .被什么包圍被什么包圍2.place v. 放；放；n. 地方地方3.count v. 數(shù)，點(diǎn)數(shù)，點(diǎn)4.cover v. 覆蓋覆蓋be covered with 被被覆蓋覆蓋5.throw v. 扔，拋扔，拋 threw；thrown6. prosecute v. 依法處置依法處置1.wood n. 樹林樹林2. beauty spot 風(fēng)景點(diǎn)風(fēng)景點(diǎn)3. hundred 百百4.city 城市城市5.v

2、isitor 參觀者，參觀者， 游客游客6.litter 雜亂的東西雜亂的東西9.rubbish 垃圾垃圾8.piece 碎片碎片10.tyre 輪胎輪胎7.litter basket 廢物筐廢物筐”1. tidy adj. 整齊的整齊的2.rusty adj. 生銹的生銹的3.through prep. 穿過穿過4.among prep. 在在.之間之間課文講解 I live in a very old town which is surrounded by beautiful woods. Be surrounded by 四周環(huán)繞著 我住在一個(gè)四周圍繞著高樓的地方。 I live in

3、a place which is surrounded by tall buildings. 我住在四周圍繞著山的小村中。 I live in a village which is surrounded by hills. It is a famous beauty spot. Beauty spot, 風(fēng)景點(diǎn) Tourist attraction, 游覽勝地 別人告訴我青島是個(gè)旅游勝地 I have been told that Qingdao is a good tourist attraction. On Sundays, hundreds of people come from the

4、 city to see our town and to walk through the woods. hundreds of 成百上千的 成百上千的戰(zhàn)士在這場戰(zhàn)爭中犧牲。 Hundreds of soldiers died in this war. across over through 的用法區(qū)別的用法區(qū)別across ：橫過，穿過橫過，穿過，特指從一邊到另一邊，特指從一邊到另一邊e.g.1) The bus is coming across the bridge. 2)Can you swim across the river? 3)The child will go across t

5、he crossroads after the light turns green.over :越過，翻越過去越過，翻越過去e.g.1）After they climbed over the hill they found many flowers in the fields. 2) They cant climb over the mountain if they cant keep going. Visitors have been asked to keep the woods clean and tidy. Litter baskets have been placed under t

6、he trees, but people still throw their rubbish everywhere. Last Wednesday, I went for a walk in the woods. Go for a walk 散步 What I saw made me very sad. 句中的主語 What I saw 是 what 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句(主語從句)。 那個(gè)小男孩所做的一切使他母親十分驚訝。 What the little boy did surprised his mother. 你所做的使我愉快。 What you do makes me happy. I c

7、ounted seven old cars and three old refrigerators. The little baskets were empty and the ground was covered with pieces of paper, cigarette ends, old tyres, empty bottles and rusty tins. be covered with . 被 . 覆蓋 桌子上布滿了灰塵。 The desks are covered with dust. 地上覆蓋著雪。 The ground was covered with snow. Amo

8、ng the rubbish, I found a sign which said, Anyone who leaves litter in these woods will be prosecuted! 該晚會(huì)來者不拒。 Anyone who comes to the party is welcome. 任何違反交通規(guī)則的人都會(huì)被罰款。 Anyone who breaks the traffic regulations will be fined. through :穿過穿過 特指從某空間穿特指從某空間穿過過e.g. 1)The deer is going through the fores

9、t. 2)The balloon is flying on and on through the clouds. 3)Jack saw many students playing in the playgroundthrough the window. Passive Voice被動(dòng)語態(tài)基本用法被動(dòng)語態(tài)基本用法當(dāng)句子的當(dāng)句子的主語主語是動(dòng)作的是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者時(shí)，時(shí)，謂語的形式是謂語的形式是主動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的。當(dāng)句子的主語是動(dòng)作的主語是動(dòng)作的承受者承受者時(shí)，謂語要用時(shí)，謂語要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)。被動(dòng)語態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞。被動(dòng)語態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞be+過去分詞過去分詞構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)通過構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)通過be表

10、現(xiàn)出表現(xiàn)出來。來。1.They make shoes in that factory.主語主語+及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+賓語賓語Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：S(主語）主語）+am/is /are +過去分詞過去分詞His brother washes bowls every day.主主謂謂賓賓(受動(dòng)者受動(dòng)者)Bowls are washed by his brother every day.改為被動(dòng)語態(tài) They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the

11、 evening. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beilun. People speak English as the first language in UK.Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made in Beilun.English is spok

12、en as the first language in UK.2. They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.一般過去時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)：S+was/were +過去分詞過去分詞He looked after the little baby yesterday.主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)The little baby was looked afterbyhim yesterday . They built the tall building last year. He took good

13、 care of his little brother yesterday. We cleaned our classroom just now. They used this room for resting. They planted many trees years ago.The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.This room was

14、 used for resting by them.Many trees were planted by them years ago.3.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.一般將來時(shí)：一般將來時(shí)：S+ will+be+過去分詞過去分詞Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主謂謂賓賓(受動(dòng)者受動(dòng)者)The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow. We will have a sports mee

15、ting next week. Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow. The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon. The farmers will grow different kinds of vegetables next spring. Uncle Wang will mend the TV set tomorrow. A sports meeting will be had by us next week.Some photos will be taken

16、 by children in the schoolyard tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.Different kinds of vegetables will be grown by the farmers next spring.The TV set will be mended by Uncle Wang tomorrow.4Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：S+ can

17、/may/must/should + be+過去分詞過去分詞1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They should learn English well.5.Jim could do it yesterday. The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English sh

18、ould be learned well by them.It could be done by Jim yesterday.被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的特殊情況1.不及物動(dòng)詞帶介詞和介詞賓語時(shí)，在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，仍然要帶上介詞。e.g. The students listen to the teacher carefully in class.被動(dòng)句：The teacher is listened to carefully by the students in class. e.g. They look after the new students in the school.被動(dòng)句：The new stu

19、dents are looked after by them in the school. 2.當(dāng)動(dòng)詞帶有復(fù)合賓語(有賓補(bǔ)), 并且賓補(bǔ)是省去“to”的動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中應(yīng)加上“to” e.g. They make us do all the work.被動(dòng)句：We are made to do all the work by them. e.g. We often hear her sing songs.被動(dòng)句：She is often heard to sing songs by us. e.g. I saw him walk to school.被動(dòng)句：He was seen t

20、o walk to school by me.這些動(dòng)詞真奇怪，主動(dòng)句中to 離開，被動(dòng)句中to回 來。（ let ，have ，make，feel，see ,watch, hear, notice) 3.當(dāng)動(dòng)詞帶雙賓語時(shí)(一個(gè)賓語是指人，一個(gè)是指物)，將其中指人的賓語提前作被動(dòng)句的主語時(shí)，另一個(gè)賓語按順序照抄下來；如是將指物的賓語提前作被動(dòng)句的主語，在被動(dòng)句中則指人賓語前應(yīng)加“to”或“for” 。常見加to的動(dòng)詞有g(shù)ive，send, teach，write, show, pass, ask, tell常見加for的動(dòng)詞有make, draw, buy e.g. He gives me a

21、flower everyday. 被動(dòng)1 I am given a flower by him everyday. 被動(dòng)2 A flower is given to me by him everyday. e.g. My mother bought me a computer. 被動(dòng)1 I was bought a computer by my mother . 被動(dòng)2 A computer was bought for me by my mother .練習(xí)：將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句。 1.Li Lei listens to his father carefully. 2.The mother

22、looked after the baby in the room. 3.We took care of the things. 4.They gave us some work. 5.The boy made them laugh all the time. 6.My mother buys me a bike. 1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The wi

23、ndows of their classroom_ _ twice a month. are usedarecleaned(變被動(dòng)語態(tài)）變被動(dòng)語態(tài)）5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them. was made to have can be used3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _

24、 _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _. we were given were given to us7. Did you plant many trees at t

25、his time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?Were many trees plantedMust be finished10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory. was asked is done12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day. can be mended must be taken14.The students in this school study German.Germ