高等學(xué)校研究生英語綜合教程上Unit6

1、高等院校研究生英語系列教材綜合教程（上）INTEGRATED COURSE2Unit 6 Sanctuary or FulfillmentHere is New YorkGlobal Understanding1Introduction2The vibrations of great things or people felt in New York3The insulation provided by New York(Para. 1)(Paras. 2-3)(Paras. 4-6)Paras. 7-84Conclusion(Paras. 7-8)IntroductionA. Its lar

2、gess can account for the presence within the citys walls of a considerable section of the population.B. The capacity to make such dubious gifts is a mysterious quality of New York.C. The special quality of New York can either destroy an individual or fulfill him. New York presents the gift of loneli

3、ness and the gift of privacy to everyone who comes to town.Global UnderstandingThe vibrations of great things or people felt in New YorkA. I am curiously affected by emanations from the immediate surroundings while I am sitting in a hotel in New York: I am 22 blocks from where Rudolph Valentino lay

4、in state beautifully. I am eight blocks from where Nathan Hale was executed. I am five blocks from the publishing house where Ernest Hemingway hit Max Eastman on the nose. I am four miles from where Walt Whitman sat sweating out editorials for The Brooklyn Eagle.B. The waiter also felt the same stim

5、ulus from being close to a famous actor. Example 1:Example 2: Example 3:Global UnderstandingExample 4:The insulation provided by New YorkA.New York succeeds in insulating the individual against all enormous and violent and wonderful events taking place every minute. I did not attend the worlds great

6、est air show staged in New York. I did not notice the biggest oceangoing ships on the North Atlantic. B. The inhabitants in New York is in the happy position of being able to choose his spectacle and so conserve his soul.C. The quality of New York that insulates its inhabitants from life may simply

7、weaken them as individuals. Global UnderstandingExample 1:Example 2:Conclusion New York has a positive effect on the creative capacities of its inhabitants. New York can bring the sense of rejuvenation to its inhabitants.The positive qualities of New YorkA.B.Global UnderstandingTask 2Work in groups

8、to decide whether the statements are true or false according to the passage. (P170) Key:1 2 3 4 5 6 78 9 1011 12 13 14 TFFFFFFTFTDetailed InformationFFTTOn any person who desires such queer prizes, New York will bestow the gift of loneliness and the gift of privacy. (Para.1)bestow on:贈與；賜予；賦予；給與 e.g

9、. Many books were bestowed on her. It is this largess that accounts for the presence within the citys walls of a considerable section of the population; for the residents of Manhattan are to a large extent strangers who have pulled up stakes somewhere and come to town, seeking sanctuary or fulfillme

10、nt or some greater or lesser grail. (Para. 1) considerable: adj. much, a lot of 相當(dāng)大的；相當(dāng)多的 grail: a thing that you try very hard to find or achieve, but never will 渴望但永遠得不到的東西翻譯：紐約城內(nèi)數(shù)量龐大的居民中，沖著這份贈禮而來此落腳的絕不在少數(shù)；曼哈頓也因此聚集了眾多異鄉(xiāng)客，他們背井離鄉(xiāng)到此闖蕩，有的為了尋求庇護，有的為了一展抱負(fù)，還有的為了實現(xiàn)心中或大或小的愿望。 Language Point It carries on i

11、ts lapel the unexpungeable odor of the long past, so that no matter where you sit in New York you feel the vibrations of great times and tall deeds, of queer people and events and undertakings. (Para. 2) unexpungeable: 無法抹去的 expunge:抹去，刪掉 undertaking： 1) an important job, piece of work, or activity

12、that you are responsible for 任務(wù)，事業(yè)，活動 e.g. a commercial undertaking 2) an agreement or a promise to do something. 保證，承諾 e.g. The landlord _ (書面保證) that repairs would be carried out before the end of the month. Language Point gave a written undertaking “Mr. Stone is a very hearty eater,” said the wai

13、ter thoughtfully, content with this fragile participation in destiny, this link with Oz.(Para. 4) In this sentence “content” is an adjective and “content with” means happy and satisfied with what you have. e.g. 1) He seemed more content, less bitter. 2) He had to be content with third place. Languag

14、e Point content (n.) : 1) 所容之物 e.g. 1) Fire has caused severe damage to the contents of the building. 2) She hadnt read the letter and so was unaware of its contents. 2) 目錄 e.g. 1) a contents page 3) 內(nèi)容 e.g. Your tone of voice is as important as the content of what you have to say. Language Point co

15、ntent (v.) : 1) 使?jié)M足 e.g. Martina contented herself with a single glass of wine. 2) 使?jié)M意 e.g. My apology seemed to content him. Language Point And better than most dense communities it succeeds in insulating the individual (if he wants it, and almost everybody wants or needs it) against all enormous a

16、nd violent and wonderful events that are taking place every minute. (Para. 4)insulate against: 防止-，與-隔絕 e.g. They have found a way to insulate themselves against the cost of inflation. 他們找到了使自己免受通貨膨脹影響的辦法。 This room is insulated against noise. 這個房間隔音。 The Lions are overwhelming; the event is unavoid

17、able. (Para. 5) overwhelm: vt. 覆蓋, 淹沒；壓倒; 打??；使某人不知所措e.g. A great wave overwhelmed the boat. 一個巨浪吞沒了那只小船。 He was overwhelmed by the death of his father. 他為父親的去世而悲痛至極。 overwhelming adj.勢不可擋的, 壓倒一切的; 巨大的 Language Point A cornice falls, that it hits every citizen on the head, every last man in town. (Pa

18、ra. 5) “every last man” means “everybody without exception”. This sentence means in most metropolises, no one can escape from the influence of every major event happening in the city. e.g. Every last man is supposed to seize each opportunity that comes along. Language Point I sometimes think that th

19、e only event that hits every New Yorker on the head is the annual St. P a t r i c k s D a y p a r a d e , w h i c h i s f a i r l y penetrating-the Irish are a hard race to tune out-(Para. 5)tune out:不理; 對無反應(yīng) 1) When things get a bit too much, she simply tunes out temporarily.碰到事情太棘手時, 她干脆暫時撒手不管。2)

20、The children tuned out their mothers commands.孩子們不聽媽媽的吩咐。 I am not defending New York in this regard. (Para. 7) “in this regard” means “concerning what has just been mentioned”. e.g. 1) I have nothing further to say_(在這方面).Paraphrase: I do not think that New York is necessarily a better place becaus

21、e people are insulated from events. in this regardLanguage Point I think that although many persons are here from some excess of spirit (which caused them to break away from their small town), some, too, are here from a deficiency of spirit, who find in New York a protection, or an easy substitution

22、. (Para. 8) excess (n.) : 1) more than is necessary, reasonable and acceptable e.g. He started drinking to excess after losing his job. 2) an amount by which sth is larger than sth else e.g. We cover costs up to $600 and then you pay the excess. Language Point excess (adj.) : 1) in addtion to an amo

23、unt that is necessary, usual or legal e.g. 1) Excess food is stored as fat. 2) Drinking with excess alcohol in the blood is a serious offence. v syn.: excessive Language Point Task1choose the best answer from the four choices to complete each of the sentences below.1.B 2. D 3. A 4.C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8

24、. D 9. B 10.C Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10- 11- 12- 13- 14- 15-Task 2Read the words and their explanations in the box. Choose a word to complete each of the sentences below and explain its meaning. Change the form if necessary. (P.172)contentedconventiontallcuriouslyConventioncontentexecutecoun

25、tVocabulary in Action curiousexecutecontentconventionscountconventiontallTask 3 The culture of New York City is shaped by centuries of immigration, the citys size and variety, and its status as the cultural capital of the United States. Because of its 1) _ size and cultural influence, New York has b

26、een the 2) _ of many different, and often 3)_, portrayals in mass media. Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate phrase from the box. Change the form if necessary. (P174)contradictory worldly sophisticated glamorous crime subject safest sheer chaotic violenceVocabulary in Action sheersubjectc

27、ontradictory From the sophisticated and 4) _ metropolis seen in many Woody Allen films, to the hellish and 5) _ urban jungle depicted in such movies as Martin Scorseses Taxi Driver, New York has served as the unwitting backdrop for virtually every conceivable viewpoint on big city life.contradictory

28、 worldly sophisticated glamorous crime subject safest sheer chaotic violenceVocabulary in Action chaoticworldly In the early years of film New York City was characterized as urbane and 6)_. By the citys crisis period in the 1970s, however, films like Midnight Cowboy, The French Connection, Marathon

29、Man, and Death Wish showed New York as full of chaos and 7)_. contradictory worldly sophisticated glamorous crime subject safest sheer chaotic violenceVocabulary in Action sophisticatedviolence With the citys renaissance in the 1980s and 1990s came new portrayals on television; Friends, Seinfeld, an

30、d Sex and the City showed life in the city to be 8) _ and interesting. Nonetheless a disproportionate number of 9) _ dramas, such as Law & Order, continue to make criminality in the city as their subject even as New York has become the 10) _ large city in the United States in the last two decade

31、s.contradictory worldly sophisticated glamorous crime subject safest sheer chaotic violenceVocabulary in Action glamorouscrimesafestFeathers From A Thousand Li AwayClick the picture for the movie clip The American Dream Jing-Mei Woos mother hadParas. 5-7The story of a swan featherHow Jing-Meis mothe

32、r attemptedto turn her into a prodigyParas. 1-4Para. 8-19Jing-Mei finally refused to be a prodigy Paras. 20-22Reading MoreGlobal UnderstandingThe story of a swan feather:A. _ _B. _C. _ _D. _ _Many years ago the old woman bought a swan in Shanghai for a foolish sum.She made up her mind to have a daug

33、hter who would become more than what was hoped for in America.Her swan was taken away by the immigration officials and there was only one swan feather left.She expected that one day she could leave this feature to her daughter.Reading MoreGlobal UnderstandingThe American Dream Jing-Mei Woos mother h

34、ad :A. _ _.B. How Jing-Meis mother attempted to turn her into a prodigy:A._.B._.Jing-Mei finally refused to be a prodigy. Jing Meis mother considered America as a land of opportunitiesReading MoreGlobal UnderstandingWhen Jing Mei was nine-year-old, Woos mother hoped that she could become a prodigy.J

35、ing Meis mother wanted to turn her into a prodigy in acting just like Shirley Temple.Jing Meis mother presented some tests to her in the hope of turning her into a remarkable child.Task 2 FComplete the following extract with information from the text. (P180) Many years ago my mother bought a beautif

36、ul swan in Shanghai for much 1)_than its worth. After losing everything in China, she sailed across the 2)_Ocean with the swan and her dream for a new life in America. But upon her arrival, the swan was pulled away from her by the immigration officials and only one swan 3)_ was left to her. Now my m

37、other is old. For many years she has kept the feather for me which she carried from her 4)_ with all her good 5)_. (To be continued) Reading MoreDetailed Informationmore PacificfeatherhomelandintentionsMy mother once believed that anyone could 6)_ any dream in America. She believed that her daughter

38、, me, could be a(n) 7)_ of some kind. At first, she wanted to train me to become a child 8)_ just like Shirley Temple. Then she had me do the various tests she read about in different 9)_ about amazing children. However, she was 10)_ every time by my answers. Reading MoreDetailed Informationrealizep

39、rodigymovie starmagazinesdisappointedAt the beginning, I was 11)_ as my mother, if not more so. I imagined myself successful in many different 12)_. As time went by, the hoping prodigy in me became more and more 13)_ and began to die. I hated the tests, the raised hopes and 14)_ expectations. But on

40、e sad night in front of the mirror, I suddenly saw a new me-an angry, powerful and 15)_ girl. I made up my mind to be myself for the rest of my life. Reading MoreDetailed Informationexcited/hopefulimagesimpatientfailedwillful1. This bird, boasted the market vendor, was once a duck that stretched its

41、 neck in hopes of becoming a goose, and now look!it is too beautiful to eat. (Para. 1) boast (v.) :1)to talk with too much pride about sth you have or can do 夸口說,吹噓 e.g. She is always boasting about how wonderful her children are.2) to have sth that is impressive and that you can be proud of 以有-而自豪

42、e.g. Hangzhou boasts beautiful scenery and rich cultural legacy. Language Point boast (n.) : 1) sth that a person talks about in a very proud way, often to seem more important or clever 引以為榮的事物 e.g. It was her proud boast that she had never missed a days work because of illness. boastful (adj.) : 自夸

43、的1) talking about yourself in a very proud way e.g. I tried to emphasize my good points without sounding boastful.Language Point 2. For a long time now the woman had wanted to give her daughter the single swan feather and tell her, This feather may look worthless, but it comes from afar and carries

44、with it all my good intentions.” (Para. 4) In this sentence “worthless” means “having no practical or financial value”. e.g. 1) Critics say his paintings are worthless. Ant: valuableLanguage Point 3. But she never looked back with regret. (Para. 3) look back: 1) to think about sth in your paste.g. 每

45、當(dāng)他回顧自己過去的悲慘生活時他都會熱淚盈眶。 Whenever he looks back on his past miserable life, tears always well up in his eyes.Language Point 4. Ni kan, said my mother as Shirleys eyes flooded with tears. You already know how. Dont need talent for crying! (Para. 9) flood (v.):1) to become so full that it spreads out on

46、to the land around ite.g. 河水泛濫淹沒了河谷。 The river flooded the valley. 2) to arrive or go somewhere in large numbers Refugees continued to flood into neighboring countries.Language Point 3) to send something somewhere in large numbers e.g. The office was flooded with applications for the job.4) to becom

47、e or make sth become available in a place in large numbers充斥, 充滿 e.g. Cheap imported goods are flooding the market. 4) to affect sb suddenly and stronglye.g. Memories of her childhood came flooding back. 她童年的往事涌上心頭。Language Point flood (n.):1)a large amount of water covering an area that is usually

48、drye.g. The river is in flood. 2)a large numbers of things or people that appear at the same time e.g. a flood of refugees 難民潮 The child was in floods of tears. 小孩兒哭得淚人兒似的。Language Point 5. I pictured this prodigy part of me as many different images, trying each one on for size. (Para. 12) Paraphras

49、e: I imagined myself as many different prodigies, imagining with each what it would be like. Language Point 6. In all of my imaginings, I was filled with a sense that I would soon become perfect. My mother and father would adore me. I would be beyond reproach. I would never feel the need to sulk for

50、 anything. (Para. 13) Translation: 反正我覺得，我很快會變得十分完美：父母會稱贊我，我再不會挨罵，我會應(yīng)有盡有，不用為著沒有能得到某樣心想的東西而賭氣不快。Language Point 7. But sometimes the prodigy in me became impatient. If you dont hurry up and get me out of here, Im disappearing for good, it warned. And then youll always be nothing. (Para. 14) for good:

51、permanently e.g. 1) They live in America for good. 2) This fruit is unlikely to remain fresh for good. Language Point 8. I looked at my reflection, blinking so I could see more clearly. (Para. 22) reflection (n.) : 1) an image in the mirror, on a shiny surface, on water, etc. 2) a sign that shows th

52、e state or nature of sth. e.g. Your clothes are often a reflection of your personality. 3) careful thought about sth, sometimes over a long period of time e.g. She decided on reflection to accept his offer after all. Language Point reflective (adj.) : 1) thinking deeply about things 深思熟慮的e.g. a quie

53、t and reflective man 2) surfaces sending back light or heat 反光的e.g. On dark nights children should wear reflective clothing. 3) typical of a particular situation or thing; showing the state or nature of sth 反映的 e.g. Every thing you do or say is reflective of your personality. Language Point Task 1 1

54、) sum A. Apple has spent huge _ in its drive to penetrate new markets. B. The citys problem can be _ up in three words: too many people. C. I wrote a letter _ the main points we had discussed.Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate form of the word given and explain its meaning. sumssummedsum

55、marizingVocabulary in Action 2) boast A. Hank was _ that he could drink a case of beer by himself. B. Each luxury home _ an indoor pool and three-car garage. C. After they had drunk a lot of wine, they started to become loud and _. boastingboastsboastfulVocabulary in Action 3) worth A. The new compu

56、ter system has already proved its _. B. We had only three days _ of food left. C. Leeds United were_ winners of the competition. worthworthworthyVocabulary in Action 4) trickyA. It would be very _to try to stabilize the region without the support of other countries.B. Pretending he doesnt remember i

57、s an old _ of his. C. A _ look crossed his face when Patsy mentioned the money. D. It was a piece of political _ that enraged the opposition. trickytrick trickytrickeryVocabulary in Action 5) adore A. He_ his wife and children. B. They knelt in _ of their gods. C. Have you seen their new babyshes si

58、mply _. D. The elderly actress can still pull in _ audiences. adoresadorationadorable 6) reproach A. Youve got nothing to _ yourself forit was his own decision . B. She gave her daughter a _ glance. C. He listened to his wifes bitter _.adoringreproachreproachfulVocabulary in Action reproaches7) blin

59、k A. Lucy _at him in astonishment . B. Lynn laughed, _back unexpected tears. C. He kept giving back _to try to wash the dust from his eyes. blinkedblinkingblinks 8) reflection A. I could see my _in his glasses. B. I was dazzled by the sunlight _off the wet road. C. A moments _ will show the stupidit

60、y of this argument. D. TV shows sometimes_ societys more liberal views on sex.reflectionreflectingreflectionVocabulary in Action reflectTask 2 1) _ (一個人能夠單獨在山里生活這么多年) is really something unthinkable.2) It is dangerous _ (對任何問題一知半解).3) It is common sense _ (液體沒有形狀，但有一定的體積）.Complete the following sentence