主謂一致 (2)

1、Subject-Verb AgreementSubject-Verb Agreement主謂一致主謂一致 （Agreement) 一、概念一、概念 在英語中，隨著主語的人稱或數(shù)的變化謂語動在英語中，隨著主語的人稱或數(shù)的變化謂語動詞采用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式。詞采用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式。 二、怎么判斷？二、怎么判斷？ 1. 語法形式一致語法形式一致(主語的單復(fù)數(shù)確定謂語的形式主語的單復(fù)數(shù)確定謂語的形式)2. 概念一致（語言內(nèi)容上一致）概念一致（語言內(nèi)容上一致） 3. 毗鄰一致（謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式和緊跟其毗鄰一致（謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式和緊跟其前或后的主語一致前或后的主語一致 ) (一）、一）、語法形式一致語法

2、形式一致 1. n./pron.(Single) To do sth Doing sth A sentence單數(shù)謂語單數(shù)謂語v 2. n./pron.(pl.) Both A and B To do A and to do B Doing A and doing B A sentence and a sentence 復(fù)數(shù)謂語復(fù)數(shù)謂語v3. including as well as with along with together with accompanied by except/ but/besides rather than A+B+謂語謂語v (與主語與主語A一致）一致） 當(dāng)主語前

3、有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, besides, in addition to等引起的短語作后置定語時(shí),謂語動詞的形式視主語的單復(fù)數(shù)而定. 4. Either Neither Each The other Another Some/any/no/every+body(one;thing) +單數(shù)謂語單數(shù)謂語v5. The +n +and +n +單數(shù)謂語單數(shù)謂語v The +n +and + the +n +復(fù)數(shù)謂語復(fù)數(shù)謂語vThe doctor

4、 and writer is my borther.The doctor and the writer are my borthers.名詞化的形容詞作主語6.The+adj. (表示一類人表示一類人)+復(fù)數(shù)謂語復(fù)數(shù)謂語ve.g. The rich are to help the poor.The wounded was a young boy. 以定冠詞the + adj.（或過去分詞）結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如the brave, the poor, the blind, the sick, the unemployed等，但有少數(shù)過去分詞與定冠詞連用時(shí)指個(gè)體，用單數(shù)形式。 7.

5、all of most of a lot of some of plenty of the majority of +不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)謂語單數(shù)謂語v可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+復(fù)數(shù)謂語復(fù)數(shù)謂語vSome of teachers are women.Some of water is dirty. 8. more than one (+ 單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞) many a + 單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞 +單數(shù)謂語單數(shù)謂語vMore than one student likes music.Many a student likes music.不止一個(gè)學(xué)生喜歡音樂（很多）不止一個(gè)學(xué)生喜歡音樂（很多）

6、9.分?jǐn)?shù)分?jǐn)?shù) 百分?jǐn)?shù)百分?jǐn)?shù) +of +單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞/代詞代詞+單數(shù)謂語單數(shù)謂語v+復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞/代詞代詞+復(fù)數(shù)謂語復(fù)數(shù)謂語vTen percent of the boys are tall.Ten percent of water is fresh .Two thirds of the boys are tall.Two thirds of water is fresh . 10. 定語從句謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)與定語從句謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)與 先行詞先行詞一致一致 . (二）、二）、概念一致（語言內(nèi)容上一致）概念一致（語言內(nèi)容上一致） 1. family school class

7、team group government public +復(fù)數(shù)謂語復(fù)數(shù)謂語v（表示個(gè)體）（表示個(gè)體）+單數(shù)謂語單數(shù)謂語v（表示整（表示整體）體） 2. people police cattle People 指指民族民族時(shí)有單復(fù)數(shù)之分時(shí)有單復(fù)數(shù)之分China is a great people.偉大的民族偉大的民族China has 56 peoples. 有有56個(gè)民族個(gè)民族+復(fù)數(shù)謂語復(fù)數(shù)謂語v trousers clothes goodsglasses +復(fù)數(shù)謂語復(fù)數(shù)謂語v成雙成對構(gòu)成的東西成雙成對構(gòu)成的東西 3.news the United States economics math

8、s physics politics +單數(shù)謂語單數(shù)謂語v 4. each/every+n+and+(each/every)+n +單數(shù)謂語單數(shù)謂語 v1）不定代詞each, every, no所修飾的名詞，即使用 and或逗號連接作主語，或主語為more than one, many a + n.謂語動詞用單數(shù)Every boy and every girl has a book in their bags.Many a teacher has been there.More than one child has read the book.代詞作主語代詞作主語1.1.考例考例 - Each

9、 of the students , working hard at his or her lessons, _ to go to university. - So do I. (上海上海98) A. hope B. hopes C. hoping D. hoped當(dāng)當(dāng)either (each, one)+ of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞,或或some, any, no, every和和body, one或或thing構(gòu)成復(fù)合不定代詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合不定代詞作主語時(shí)作主語時(shí),謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式. none, neither作作主語時(shí)主語時(shí),謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)都可謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)都可. 5. 數(shù)詞和

10、表示時(shí)間、距離、重量、度量、衡量、數(shù)詞和表示時(shí)間、距離、重量、度量、衡量、金錢、金錢、篇名篇名等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語謂語v常用單常用單數(shù)形式數(shù)形式e.g. The Emperors Clothes was written by Hans Christian Anderson. Not only he but also I am invited. Neither my gloves nor my hat goes with the dress. 置于主語后，謂語動詞一般仍和前面的名詞在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致。置于主語后，謂語動詞一般仍和前面的名詞在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致。 The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom. (三）、三）、毗鄰一致（就近原則）毗鄰一致（就近原則） 1. A or B Either A or B Nether A nor B Not only A but also B+謂語謂語v與與B一致一致 2. 在在there be 的結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動詞的單的結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式一