項(xiàng)目管理(全英文)試題-有翻譯

1、美國項(xiàng)目管理學(xué)會(huì)PMI, Project Management Institute,PMP, Project Management Professional, 項(xiàng)目管理專業(yè)人員認(rèn)證PMBOK, Project Management Body of Knowledge, 項(xiàng)目管理知識(shí)體 系PLC, project life cycle, 項(xiàng)目生命周期RFP, Request for proposal,需求建議書WBS, Work Breakdown Structure, 工作分解結(jié)構(gòu)CPM, Critical path method,關(guān)鍵路徑法PERT, Project Evaluation a

2、nd Review Technique, 計(jì) 劃評(píng)審技術(shù)AOA, Activity-On-Arrow, 雙代號(hào)網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖法AON, Activity-on-node, 單代號(hào)網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖CPI, Cost Performance Index, 成本績效指數(shù)( 掙值 (EV)/ 實(shí)際成本 (AC)RAM, Responsibility Assignment Matrix, 職責(zé)分配矩陣P&L, Profit and loss 損益VAT, value-added tax, 加值稅、增值稅QA, Quality Assurance, 質(zhì)量保障二、填空題（5*2=10）。1. A project is

3、 an endeavour to accomplish a specific objective through a unique set of interrelated tasks and the effective utilization of resources. 1.項(xiàng)目是努力完成一個(gè)特定的目標(biāo)，通過一套獨(dú)特的相互關(guān)聯(lián)的任務(wù)和資源的有效利 用。2. A project manager is responsible for planning the work and then work the plan.項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理負(fù)責(zé)規(guī)劃工作，然后工作計(jì)劃。3. The project life cycl

4、e has four phases: initiating, planning, performing, and closing the project.項(xiàng)目生命周期有四個(gè)階段：?jiǎn)?dòng)、 規(guī)劃、執(zhí)行和結(jié)束項(xiàng)目。4. Project selection involves evaluating potential projectsand then deciding which should move forward to be implemented.項(xiàng)目選擇涉及潛在項(xiàng)目評(píng)估，然后決定，應(yīng)該向前來 實(shí)施。5. WBS facilitates evaluation of cost, time, and

5、 technical performance of the organization on a project.WB曜進(jìn)評(píng)估的成本、時(shí)間和上一個(gè)項(xiàng)目組織的技術(shù)性能。6. The project network is developed from the information collected for the WBSand is a graphic flow chart of the project job plan. 項(xiàng)目開發(fā)從 WBS收集的信息和網(wǎng)絡(luò)是一個(gè)圖形 的流程圖的項(xiàng)目工作計(jì)劃。7. In the context of projects, risk is an uncertain

6、event and condition that, if it occurs,has a positive andnegative effect on project objectives.在項(xiàng) 目 范圍 內(nèi)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是不確定的事件和條件，如果它發(fā)生，已經(jīng)對(duì)項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)的積極和消極 的影響。8. Milestones are significant project events that mark major accomplishments.里程碑是重大項(xiàng)目事件標(biāo)記的主要成就。9. Two important factors affecting recruitment are the importan

7、ce of the project and the management structure being used to complete the project.有兩個(gè)重要影響因素招聘有項(xiàng)目和管理結(jié)構(gòu)被用來完成這項(xiàng)工程的重要性10. The most commonmethod for shortening project time is to assign additional staff and equipment to activities.最常用的方法，縮短項(xiàng)目時(shí)間是將額外的工作人員和設(shè)備分配給活動(dòng)三.選擇題（15*2=30）1. Communications is best desc

8、ribed as:A. an exchange of information.B. providing written or oral directions.C. consists of senders and receiversD. effective listening.E. All of the aboveANS: E2. The following types of costs are relevant to making a financial decision except:A. opportunity costsB. direct costsC. sunk costD. unav

9、oidable costsE. None of the aboveANS: C3. Time management is the allocation of time in a project's life cycle through the process of:A. PlanningB. Estimating.C. Scheduling.D. ControllingE. All of the above.ANS: E4. A project element which lies between two events is called: 位于兩個(gè)事件之間的項(xiàng)目元素被稱為A. An

10、activity.B. A critical path method.C. A slack milestone.D. A timing slot.E. A calendar completion point.ANS: A5. A comprehensive definition of scope management would be: 一個(gè)全面的定義的范圍管理將是：A. Managing a project in terms of its objective through the concept, development, implementation, and termination p

11、hases of a project.管理項(xiàng)目以及項(xiàng)目的概念、發(fā)展、 實(shí)施和終止階段通過其目的。B. Approval of the scope baseline.C. Approval of the detailed project charter.D. Configuration control.E. Approved detailed planning including budgets, resource allocation, linear responsibility charts and management sponsorship.ANS: A6. Pure Risk diff

12、ers from Business Risks because PureRisk's .A. include chances of both profit or loss associated with the business.B. include chances of loss and no chances for profit associated with the business. 包括丟失的可能性和相關(guān)業(yè)務(wù)的 利潤沒有機(jī)會(huì)C. must incur personal loss with business liability.必須與業(yè)務(wù)責(zé)任招致個(gè)人損失。D. must inc

13、ur business liability associated with loss of pure profit.E. B and CANS: BANS: D7. The most common types of schedules are Gantt charts, milestone charts, line of balance, and:A. Networks.B. Time phased events.C. Calendar integrated activities.D. A and C only.E. B and C only.ANS: A8. In preparing a g

14、ood project definition, experienced project managers will:A. Concentrate mainly on the end product rather than costs or benefits. These come later.B. Realize that only the "tip of the iceberg" may be showing. As a project manager, you must get beneath it.C. Understand that a project defini

15、tion/plan is a dynamic rather than static tool, and thus subject to change.D. Try to convert objectives into quantifiable terms.E. All of the aboveANS: E9. Since risk is associated with most projects, the best course of action is to:A. cover all project risks by buying appropriate insuranceB. ignore

16、 the risks, since nothing can be done about them and move forward with the project in an expeditious manner.C. avoid projects with clear and present risksD. eliminate all known risks prior to the execution phase of the projectE. identify various risks and implement actions to mitigate their potentia

17、l impactANS: E10. Risk management allows the project manager and the project team to:A. eliminate most risks during the planning phase of the projectB. identify project risksC. identify impacts of various risksD. plan suitable responsesE. B, C and D onlyANS: E11. Which of the following types of cost

18、 are relevant to making financial decisions:A. sunk costB. opportunity costC. material costD. A and C onlyE. B and C onlyANS: E12. Which of the following is often overlooked in achieving effective communication?A. speaking clearlyB. listeningC. interpretingD. maintaining eye contactE. manipulating t

19、he conversationANS: B13. The highest degrees of project risk and uncertainty are associated with the following phase of the project:A. conceptualB. executionC. cut-overD. post project evaluationE. A and D onlyANS: A14. The auditing function that provides feedback about the quality of output is refer

20、red to as:A. quality control.B. quality planning.C. quality assurance.D. quality improvementE. All of the above.ANS: C15. The sending or conveying of information from one place to another is the process ofA. NetworkingB. TransmittingC. InteractingD. PromotingE. InterfacingANS: B16. Project life cycl

21、es provide a better means of measurement of progress and control. The four phases of a project are conceptual development, , and .A. Preliminary planning, detail planning, closeoutB. Implementation, reporting, terminationC. Development, implementation, terminationD. Execution, reporting, finishingE.

22、 Implementation, termination, post-audit reviewANS: C17. All of the following are categories of a milestone in a schedule except:A. End date.B. Contract dates.C. Key events scheduled.D. Imposed dates.E. Task duration.ANS: E18. Uncertainty refers to a situation where:A. the outcomes are known but the

23、ir probabilities are highB. the outcomes and their probabilities are knownC. neither the outcomes nor their probabilities are knownD. states of nature can change at any timeE. probabilities of various states of nature can change at any timeANS: C19. Excessive flexibility in specifying requirements w

24、ill the likelihood of time overruns.A. Reduce.B. Eliminate.C. DoubleD. IncreaseE. Not affectANS: D20. Which of the following is closet to Deming's definition of Quality:A. conformance to requirements.B. fitness for use.C. continuous improvement of products and services.D. customer focus.E. All o

25、f the above.ANS: C21. The key purpose of project control is to:A. Plan ahead for uncertainties.B. Generate status reports.C. Keep the project on track.D. Develop the project road map.E. All of the above.ANS: C22. Which of the following constitute Juran's "quality trilogy":A. planning,

26、inspection, control.B. planning, improvement, control .C. planning, organization, control.D. product, price, customer.E. design, build, deliver.ANS: B23. Most project (and non-project) managers prefer communications.A. OralB. WrittenC. UpwardD. DownwardE. LateralANS: A24. On a precedence diagram, th

27、e arrow between two boxes is called:A. An activity.B. A constraint.C. An event.D. The critical path.E. None of above.ANS: B25. Quality control charts show a characteristic of the product or service against:A. the specification limits.B. customer requirements.C. control limits based on three standard

28、 deviations in each direction.D. control limits based on six standard deviations in each direction.E. A and D onlyANS: C26. In the arrow diagramming method (ADM), do notconsume time or resources.A. Events.B. Dummy ActivitiesC. Slack elements.D. B and C only.E. All of the above.ANS: A27. Activities w

29、ith zero time duration are referred to as:A. Critical path activites.B. Noncritical path activities.C. Slack time activities.D. DummiesE. None of above.ANS: D28. In the PDM, common constraints include:A. Start-to-startB. Finish-to-startC. Finish-to-finishD. B and C onlyE. A, B, and C.ANS: E29. Non-v

30、erbal communication includes:A. Body movementB. GesturesC. Facial expressionsD. The way we move our handsE. All of the aboveANS: E30. Which one of the following is not an acquisition method?A. advertisingB. invitationC. negotiationD. purchaseE. all are acquisition methodsANS: A31. For communication

31、to occur, there must be:A. Two or more people involvedB. the transmittal of informationC. a communication processD. All of the aboveE. B and C onlyANS: D32. Job continuity would be an example of in Maslow'shierarchy of needs.A. Self-actualizationB. EsteemC. PhysiologicalD. BelongingE. SafetyANS:

32、 E四、簡(jiǎn)單題(2*10=20 ) 。1. What are the major characteristics of a project?項(xiàng)目的主要特點(diǎn)有哪些1) .An established objective. 既定的目標(biāo)2) .A defined life span with a beginning and an end.定義的壽命，有開始和結(jié)束3) .Usually, the involvement of several departments and professionals. 通常情況下，幾個(gè)部門及專業(yè)人士參與。4) .Typically, doing something that has never been done before. 通常情況下，做一些從來沒有過5) .Specific time, cost, and performance requirements.具體的時(shí)間、 成本和性能要求。2. What factors do you consider when choosing project management structure? At least f