二輪復(fù)習(xí)(二)冠詞

1、二輪復(fù)習(xí) （ 二） 冠 詞冠詞的基本用法 全析考法 I.單句語法填空1. （2018?全國卷n ）Cor n product ion has jumped n early 125 perce nt overpast 25 years,while rice has increased only 7 percent.解析： the 此處特指過去的 25 年，故用 the past 25 years。2. （2017?全國卷n ）This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strongroof ove

2、r top.解析： the top 是名詞，前面要用冠詞，此處特指在（地鐵的 ）頂部建造一個(gè)結(jié)實(shí)的頂，所以填定冠詞 the。3. （2017?全國卷川）lnstead, she is earning £6,500 a day asmodel in New York.解析： a 此處意為 “作為紐約的一名模特” ，在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 model 前應(yīng)該使用不定冠詞， 表示“一，一名” ，且 model 的讀音以輔音音素開頭，故填a。4（2017?11 月浙江高考 ）lt's not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocab

3、ulary. Like many things in life, it's ongoing process.解析：an此處表示積累詞匯是一個(gè)持續(xù)的過程，因?yàn)閱卧~ongoing的讀音以元音音素開頭，故填不定冠詞 an 。5（2017?6月浙江高考 ）For Pahlsson, its return was wonder.解析： a wonder 為可數(shù)名詞，表示“奇跡，奇事” ，此處為泛指，且 wonder 的讀音以輔音 音素開頭，故填不定冠詞a。6. （2015?全國卷 n ）The adobe dwellings （ 土坯房）built by the Pueblo Indians o

4、f the American Southwest are admired by even most modern of architects and engineers.解析： the 在形容詞最高級(jí)的前面用定冠詞the。7（2015?廣東高考 ）He owned farm , which looked almost abandoned.解析： a 此處指一個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)，表示泛指，且 farm 的讀音以輔音音素開頭，故用不定冠詞a。8. （2014?全國卷 I ）Now, years later, this river is one ofmost outstanding examples ofenv

5、ironmental cleanup.解析： the 此空后為形容詞的最高級(jí)形式，故應(yīng)填定冠詞 the。n.單句改錯(cuò)1. （2018?全國卷n ）As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I askedto watch them, my parents would not let me.解析：theta kid在此處表泛指，且 kid的讀音以輔音音素開頭，故用不定冠詞a。2. （2017?全國卷 I ）I still remember how hard first day was.解析： first

6、前加 the/my 表示第幾天，序數(shù)詞前要加定冠詞 the 或者用形容詞性物主代詞 my 進(jìn)行修飾。3. （2017?全國卷n ）They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.解析：第一個(gè)an/one hour的讀音以元音音素開頭，且是可數(shù)名詞， 所以用an/one hour表示“一個(gè)小時(shí)” 。4. （2016?全國卷n ）But in that case, we will learn little about world.解析： world 前加

7、 the 此處特指我們所生活的這個(gè)世界。5 （2016 ? 四 川 高 考 ）I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.解析： kitchen 前加 the 此處特指“我們家”的廚房。6. （2015?全國卷n ）He liked it so much that he quickly walked into the shop . A woman saw himcrying and told him to wait outside a shop.解析：outside后的athe 此處用定冠詞特指上文提到的商店。

8、7. （2014?全國卷 n ）There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroombuildings.解析：去掉第一個(gè) the 此處為泛指，不表示特指，故去掉 the。謹(jǐn)記規(guī)則 （一）不定冠詞表示類指或某類中的“任何一個(gè)” 。 A virus is a very small living thing that causes disease.表示泛指“某個(gè)” 。當(dāng)說話人第一次提及某人或某物時(shí)通常用不定冠詞；或由不定冠詞構(gòu)成 的名詞詞組往往帶有不確定的含義，相當(dāng)于a certain;或?qū)Ｓ忻~前加不定冠詞，表示具有某種

9、特性的人或物、某一位不認(rèn)識(shí)的人或某個(gè)不確定的時(shí)間。I have a question to ask you.In a sense what you said is true.All of a sudden, she burst into tears.Experts think that the recently discovered painting may be a Picasso.表示量指。不定冠詞表示“一”這個(gè)數(shù)量，但數(shù)的概念沒有one 強(qiáng)烈。 Suddenly theyheard a loud voice.表示"每”，相當(dāng)于per，用在表示價(jià)格、速度、頻率等的短語中。Pric

10、es start at £ 13.95a yard for printed cotton.用在某些物質(zhì)名詞或抽象名詞前，使之具體化。表示"一種的人或事”He suddenlyappeared on a rainy night, which was a great surprise to us.不定冠詞用于序數(shù)詞前，表示“再一，又一” 。 Live a good, honorable life.Then when you get older and think back, you'll get to enjoy it a second time.（二）定冠詞表示特指的

11、人或物， 或者雙方都知道的或心中都明確的人或物， 或者指上文已經(jīng)提到過的人 或事物。 Take your time it's just a short distance from here to the restaurant. 用在世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前。The earth goes around the sun.用于序數(shù)詞或形容詞、副詞的最高級(jí)前。Is this the first time that you have visitedQingdao？ 用在表示姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前， 表示一家人或夫妻倆; 或用于形容詞或分詞前， 表示某一類 人或物。 The explosion saw

12、people rush to help the injured.用在世紀(jì)前或用在逢十的年代前，后者表示“在某世紀(jì)幾十年代”。 It's said that corn wasgrown a lot in Tibet in the 17th century.（三）零冠詞He is living in專有名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞、人名、地名等名詞前，一般不加冠詞。Canada now.季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)假日、一日三餐前一般不加冠詞。 We usually have breakfast at 7 o'clock.語言、學(xué)科名稱、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)、棋類游戲等名詞前不用冠詞。 I'm i

13、nterested in English. 表示頭銜和職務(wù)的名詞作表語、同位語或補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，其前通常不用冠詞。 Dr.Peter Spence, headmaster of the school, told us ，“ A fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford or Cambridge.”系動(dòng)詞 turn（ 變成 ）后的單數(shù)名詞作表語不用冠詞。His brother has turned writer.“（零冠詞+ ）單數(shù)名詞/形容詞最高級(jí)+ as/though（ +主語+謂語）”，意為"盡管但是”。 Hero as/though

14、he is, he has some shortcomings.冠詞的固定搭配 全析考法 I .單句語法填空1. （2018?全國卷川）Unexpectedly, rm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at top of her lungs.解析： the at the top of one's lungs 為固定搭配，意為“盡量大聲地，聲嘶力竭地” 。2. （2017?全國卷I ）When fat and salt are removed from food, the food tastes as if it i

15、s missingsomething.As result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that somethingmissing.解析： a as a result 為固定搭配，意為“結(jié)果” 。3. （2016?全國卷 I ）The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that whileone is being bottle - fed, other is with mum she never suspects.解析：the one .th

16、e other為固定搭配，意為"一個(gè)另一個(gè)”。此處表示雙胞胎大熊貓中的另一只，兩者之間的“另一個(gè)”應(yīng)該使用 the other 。4. （2016?全國卷 n ）Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside forwhile,exercising, or doing something you enjoy.解析： a for a while 為固定搭配，意為“一會(huì)兒” 。5（2014?廣東高考 ）She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on top

17、 floor.解析： the on the top floor 為固定搭配，意為“在頂層” 。n.單句改錯(cuò)1. （2018?全國卷 I ）During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.解析： countryside 前加 the go to the countryside 是固定用法，意為“去鄉(xiāng)下” 。2. （2016?全國卷川）At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisio

18、ns bymyself.解析：去掉 the at first “起初” ，為固定短語。3（2015?浙江高考 ）On the right side of the class was the road.I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.解析： hurry 前加 a in a hurry “匆匆忙忙” ，為固定短語。4. （2014?全國卷 I ）As result, the plants are growing everywhere.解析：As后加a as a result結(jié)果”，為固定短語。5（

19、2014?遼寧高考 ）Besides, Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day.解析：第一個(gè)atan an average of ."平均有”，為固定短語。謹(jǐn)記規(guī)則 （一）不定冠詞用于固定搭配中an average of 平均for a while 一會(huì)兒as a result 因此 as a rule 通常as a whole 總體上as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上at a loss 不知所措in a hurry 匆忙in a word 總之 in a sense在某種意義上in a way 在某種程度上 kee

20、p an eye on 照看，留意 put an end to 結(jié)束 once upon a time 從前 be on a diet 節(jié)食 have/catch a cold 感冒 have/take a rest 休息in a short while 不久 pay a visit to 拜訪 once in a while 偶爾all of a sudden 突然 have a gift for 有天賦make a living 謀生 give sb.a lift 讓某人搭便車（二）定冠詞用于固定搭配中 in the middle of 在中間 in the end 最后by the wa

21、y 順便說一下 in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)處 in the way 擋道 on the whole 總的來說 at the same time 同時(shí)on the other hand 另一方面to tell the truth 說實(shí)話for the time being 暫時(shí)on the spot 在現(xiàn)場(chǎng) on the top floor 在頂層 the other day 前幾天 take the place of 代替 at the moment 此刻，目前in the countryside 在鄉(xiāng)村make the most/best of充分利用one .the other

22、. 一個(gè)，另一個(gè)（三）零冠詞用于固定搭配中at present 目前take part in 參加in peace 平靜 by chance/accident 碰巧 on purpose 故意 on second thoughts 再一想 ahead of time 提前 in advance 提前 by law 根據(jù)法律 by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地 under repair 處于維修中 lose heart 灰心 out of control 失控 out of work 失業(yè)in danger 處于危險(xiǎn)之中at risk 處境危險(xiǎn)；遭受危險(xiǎn)day and night 整日整夜from m

23、orning till night從早到晚 語法填空解題“ 2 定向”1 根據(jù)泛指或特指選擇冠詞如果空格后的名詞或“形容詞+名詞”前沒有形容詞性物主代詞、不定代詞、名詞所有格或指示代詞等限定詞時(shí)很可能填冠詞。（1）如果空格及后面的名詞可翻譯成“一個(gè)（本、種等）”，一般填a/an。如果可翻譯成“這/那個(gè)，這/那些” 一般填the;如果名詞后有of短語、不定式、分詞或從句等作定語時(shí)很可能填the。2 根據(jù)固定句式或固定搭配選擇冠詞英語中有很多帶有冠詞的固定句式或短語，記住這些句式和短語也有利于解決此類問題。據(jù)第1條解題1 She stayed up un til eleve n thirty on

24、e evening on purpose just to see the moon light.2 In Chinese culture, each year is related to a Chinese animal according to the 12 -year cycle.3 He not only is the best stude nt in our class, but also has an excelle nt sense of humour and a genuine in terest in other people.4 Like many other uni ver

25、sities at that time, Harvard at the early stage ofte n ran into a finan cial crisis.5 Dino saurs died out because of an un expected in cide nt.6 The “ Spider- story ” is ofte n told.Robert Bruce, leader of the Scots in the 13th cen tury, was hid ing in a cave from the En glish.據(jù)第2條解題7 As a matter of

26、 fact, there are two trophies （ 獎(jiǎng)杯）in history.8 For most in dividuals, as a result of eat ing foods rich in fats and sugar several years, they choose to go on a diet but do not succeed at the end.9 He smiled back as if to give me a receipt and I would preserve his smile for a long time.10 It is also

27、 a cultural bridge betwee n Xishua ngba nna and Southeast Asia n coun tries that share the same festival culture of water -splashing.11 I usually go to my workplace coffee shop to place an order, but this Wed nesday, it was slightly differe nt.12 At the same time, great progress made in scie nee and

28、 tech no logy was really amaz ing.短文改錯(cuò)解題“ 4視角”1. 注意單詞首字母的音素看到讀音以輔（元）音音素開頭的名詞要想到應(yīng)用不定冠詞a（n）。2 明確特指與泛指如果名詞表示特指，則應(yīng)用定冠詞 the,泛指用a/an。3 掌握可數(shù)與不可數(shù)看到單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞要想到是否少用了冠詞；看到不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指要想到是否多用了冠詞。4 記熟固定搭配牢記含冠詞的固定搭配，確定冠詞的增與刪。據(jù)第1條解題1 Last but not least, we should take a active part in sports and build up our body.a an2

29、 Besides, this will be my first experienee to participate in such a activity.a an據(jù)第2條解題3 On en teri ng the flat, you will find yourself in the sitt ing room.To be hon est, a sitt ing room is my favourite part.a the4. Zhang Wei was watching TV while his father was preparing dinner in the kitchen on a

30、n evening of January 9th. an the5. It is the great honour for me to take part in the volunteer work, and I learn the significanee of helping others.第一個(gè) thea據(jù)第3條解題6. It started when teacher set up a volleyball club in our school, hoping that more students would take part in the sport and keep fit.tea

31、cher 前力口 a7. Last summer vacati on, I worked in restaura nt. restaura nt 前力口 a8. The blogs serves as open platform where you can do lots of things.open 前力口 an據(jù)第4條解題9. Though there are a lot of changes, the great number of men still guard their rights. the a10. Mr Yang found me and apologized to me f

32、or his sharp words next day.next 前力口 the11. With his help, we have made a great progress.去掉 a12. When the Iandlady discovered what had happened, she decided to do him favor.favor前力口 a 語篇綜合檢測(cè)I .語法填空As an exchange student, Wei Hua studied in a British high school for one year.She was happy _1_ the sch

33、ool hours in Britain because school starts around 9: 00 a. m. and ends around 3 :30 p. m.On the first day, all the new stude nts _2_ (atte nd) an assembly in the school hall.Wei Hua sat n ext to a girl _3_ n ame was Dian a.Duri ng the assembly, the headmaster told the stude nts that the best way to

34、earn respect was to devote _4_ (they) to study and achieve high _5_ (grade). As there were many students in her class, it was a struggle for Wei Hua _6_ (remember) all the faces and n ames.Although the homework was not as heavy as what she used to get in her old school, it was a bit _7_ (challe nge)

35、 for her at first because all the homework was in English._8_ (lucky), all her teachers gave her much encouragement.To improve her En glish, Wei Hua used En glish every day and spe nt _9_ hour each day readi ng En glish books in the library.In a word, _10_ (study) in Britai n was a very enjoyable and excit ing experie nee for Wei Hua. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了魏華在英國上高中的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷。1. with考查介詞。be happy with "對(duì)感到滿意的”，是固定用法。2. atte nded考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。由下文可知，此處講述過去的事，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。3 . whose考查定語從句引導(dǎo)詞。所填詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，并在從句中作定語，修飾名詞name, 故填whose。4 . themselves 考查代詞。devote on eself to sth."全神貫注于某事”，是