八年級英語下冊 1---5單元講解和練習(xí) 人教新目標(biāo)版

1、八年級下冊Unit 1 1. People will have robots in their homes.。l will助動詞，表單純的未來。用于陳述句表“將，會”。e.g. I will (I'll) be 15 next month. Mr. Green will be back soon.l 否定句：won't = will not eg. He won't be back before 10.l will用于疑問句意為“會嗎？”e.g. Will you be free on Friday evening?Will people have robots?2.

2、There will only be one country. There will be 是there be句型的將來時。l There won't be any paper money. （否定）l Will there be less pollution? (疑問) Yes, there will./ No, there won't.l There will be more people. (肯定) 常見錯誤：there will have3.  I think there will be more / less pollution. fewer 與less及m

3、ore表數(shù)量的用法。（1） few（形容詞）“幾乎沒有，很少的”，修飾可數(shù)名詞。其比較級、最高級為規(guī)則變化：fewfewerfewest?！癮 few”表示“一些”，“few”帶否定含義，“幾乎沒有”。例：a few days ago, for a few weeks, He has few friends here. There will be fewer trees. （2）little（形容詞）“很少的，幾乎沒有的”（“小的，幼小的”），修飾不可數(shù)名詞。其比較級、最高級為不規(guī)則變化：littlelessleast?！癮 little”表“一些”，“l(fā)ittle”帶否定含義，“幾乎沒有”。

4、例：Theres little food left. We have to buy some. Theres a little water in the cup. （3）many“許多”，修飾可數(shù)名詞。much“許多”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞。    many / more比較級、最高級為不規(guī)則變化：many / much moremost。    例：I have many magazines. She has more magazines. But he has the most.     There wil

5、l be more people on the earth in future.     More and more students start to exercise more every day to keep fit.  4. in 與 after的區(qū)別  I'll be back in half an hour. 本句中的in作"以后"解，不能用after代替。l after和in都可以表示"以后"的意思，其區(qū)別是：1）after以過去為起點，表示過去一段時間以后，常用于過去時

6、態(tài)的句子。例如： They started working after lunch. The film was shown after the meeting. 2）in以現(xiàn)在為起點，表示將來一段時間以后，常用于將來時態(tài)的句子。如： They will start working in half an hour. The film will be shown in 2 or 3 days.3）在某個特定的時間以后，after也可用于將來時態(tài)的句子。例如： They will start working after 10 am. The film will be shown after 5 o&

7、#39;clock. 4) after+一段時間或一段時間+later表示“（在過去某個時間看來）一段時間之后”。He went home after two days. Three years later，she had a baby. 5. fall in love with 愛上 fall fell fallen feel felt felt.      fall in love with a girl fall in love with a country 注 fall 是“陷入”的意思. 它與feel（感覺）很像。6alone

8、0; adj.（只作表語） adv.  獨自；單獨 He was alone in the house I went to the movies alone，I felt lonelyl alone 表示“單獨的，獨自一人的”，不含感情色彩.做形容詞時，只能在be動詞或系動詞之后做表語。與lonely不同，lonely表示“孤獨的，寂寞的”含有豐富的感情色彩.l lonely做形容詞時，可做定語和表語。如: a lonely village 孤寂的村莊.7keep  vt.& vi. keep在本課中做“飼養(yǎng)；喂養(yǎng)”講，相當(dāng)于feed。  

9、60;   keep a pet parrot feed a cat with fish （1）保住；保留：Ill try my best to keep my job. （2）保守（秘密）：keep a secret（3）保持（某狀態(tài)）：Keep silent! Keep top side up! 請勿倒放！（4）繼續(xù)；持續(xù)：They kept walking. 他們繼續(xù)步行。8.That may not seem possible now. seem 是連系動詞,意為“似乎”“好像”“看上去”,用來表示說話人內(nèi)心的有一定依據(jù)的推測判斷或猜想其主要用法如下: 1. see

10、m 后面接動詞不定式 to do ，構(gòu)成固定詞組：seem to do sth”似乎要.”例: My father seemed to know the news. 2. “It seems/seemed that.從句.”: It seemed that you were lying. 語法: 1)  一般將來時1用be doing表示將來：主要意義是表示按計劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動作，常用于位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞。 如：go, come, leave, arrive等，也可用于其他動作動詞。 We are having fish for dinner. We are moving

11、to a different hotel the day after tomorrow. 這種用法通常帶有表示將來的時間狀語，如果不帶時間狀語，則根據(jù)上下文可表示最近即將發(fā)生的動作。 2用be going to do表示將來：主要意義:一是表示“意圖”，即打算在最近的將來或?qū)磉M行某事。 Are you going to post that letter? How long is he going to stay here?另一意義是表示“預(yù)見”，即現(xiàn)在已有跡象表明將要發(fā)生或即將發(fā)生某種情況。 Its going to rain.3. 用will/ shall do表示將來：主要意義

12、，一是表示預(yù)見。She will come to have class tomorrow. She wont come to have class tomorrow. 4. 用一般現(xiàn)在時表示根據(jù)規(guī)定或時間表預(yù)計要發(fā)生的動作，在時間和條件狀語從句中，都可用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時。如：1. The new term starts /begins on August 29th. 2. If it doesnt rain tomorrow，we will go out for a picnic. 3. Ill call you as soon as he gets home. 2） There be結(jié)構(gòu)

13、英語中,There be句型表示“某處有某人或某物”。There are always more than one hundred birds in the big tree every evening. l There be句型的用法:1)There與be中間可插入一些表示推測的情態(tài)動詞、表示時態(tài)的短語和一些動詞短語,以強調(diào)某種語氣。例如:There must be some flowers in the box.There will be a meeting this afternoon.注意:be不能換成have及have的變化形式。2)There be句型常與過去時間狀語連用,構(gòu)成一些

14、固定句型,用于故事發(fā)生的開頭,交代故事發(fā)生的時間。例如:Many years ago,there was such a beautiful girl called Cindy. 3)There be句型中，動詞be單復(fù)數(shù)形式要跟there be之后的真正的主語一致。并且要根據(jù)就近一致原則來變換be的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。There is a desk, two chairs and three benches in the room. There are two chairs, a desk and three benches in the room. Unit 1 練習(xí)題一丶單項選擇1.The spo

15、rts meeting will be held in our school _C_ several days.A .after B.about C.in D.till2. Lots of people want to _C_ to the moon. A.walk B.take C.fly D.run3. Its cold outside. Please _B_ your coat.etter now. A.wear B.put on C.dress D.have on4. It _B_ all young people love listening to music. A.looks B.

16、seems C.sounds D.likes5. Im better. Ill _D_ go to school tomorrow. A. can B.be able C.able D.be able to 6. Everyone has his own dreams, but those dreams dont always _A_. A.come true B.come over C.keep true D.get out7. _A_ tourists visit Mount Tai every day. A. Thousands of B. Thousand of C.Five thou

17、sands of D.Seven thousands8. Last year I want to Qingdao and _D_ it. A. fell love in B.loved with C.fell in love D.fell in love with9. It will be bad for your health to eat _B_ food and take _ exercise. A.fewer,more B.more, less C.little,much D.less,less10. Where _A_ they will go for the vacation? A

18、.do you think B.as for you C.as you want D.do you like11. She has never seen _B_ picture before. A.so a beautiful B.such a beautiful C.so beautiful D.such beautiful12.”The Great Wall is wonderful . I hope we will visit it again.” “_A_” A.I agree with you B.Have a good time C.Thats OK D.Its very kind

19、 of you13. I heard you liked small animals very much. - Yes, I _A_ a dog and a cat as pets. A.kept B.looked C.found D.felt14. They _A_ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A.are having B.will have C.are going have D.is going to have15.- Tell him about the news when he _A_ ,John. - Yes, I will. A.comes B.wi

20、ll come C.would come D.is coming二丶句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. She will work in Shanghai in 5 years.(改為一般疑問句并作否定回答)_Will she ? _No, she wont._.2. My mother gets up at 6:00 every day.( 用tomorrow代替every day) _My mother will get up at 6:00 tomorrow .3. They will play basketball after school.( 對劃線部分提問)_what will they do_.4.

21、Shell clean her bedroom tomorrow moring.(改為否定句)_she wont clean._.5. They did their homework at school.(改為否定句)_they didnt do _.三丶用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空.1. Whats your _prediction_ (predict) about the future?2. Nothing in the world is _impossible_ (possible), if you decide to do it.3. Most people like easy jobs a

22、nd dont like _unpleasant_ (please) work.4. There _will be_ (be)a class meeting next Friday.5. My life will be a lot better (good) than it is now.6. Kids _wont go_ (not go) to school in 100 years.7. I _fell_ (fall) off the tree yesterday afternoon.8. I'll be a computer _programmer_ (programme).9.

23、 There will be _more_ (many) people in the future.10. I think there will be _less_ (little) pollution.八年級下冊Unit 2 What should I do? 一丶重點短語1argue v爭論；爭吵 argue with sb與某人吵架 I argued with my best friend 2 either   adv.（用于否定句）也  He doesnt have any money, and I dont, either   I cant p

24、lay chess. She cant, either.   too 也（用于肯定或疑問句）  Im a teacherHe is a teacher, too 3ask （sb）for sth向某人尋求某物；要   Don't ask for food every dayGo and find some work I dont think you should ask your parents for some money.  4the same as. 與相同 （注意前后兩個比較對象的屬性保持一致）The clothes are the sa

25、me as my friends' Tom is the same age as Anna Tom is as old as Anna  Her backpack is the same as mine.     5except 除以外；（不包括在內(nèi)） My class has been invited except me All the students went to the park except him They all traveled America except her. 注意區(qū)別：besides 除以外，還有.（包括在內(nèi)

26、） We all went there besides him( He went thereWe went there, too) There are five more visitors besides me.加上我是6個6wrong adj錯誤的；有毛病的；不合適的 What's wrong with you? I've got a headache Whats wrong with your watch? It doesn't work. 注意：Whats the matter with you?= Whats wrong with you ?=Whats the

27、 trouble with you? 7get on（well） with sb與某人相處（融洽） get on ( well ) with sth 某事進展地好The students will get on well with the teacher How are you getting on with your new friends? These days ,Mr Green gets on well with his new job. 8have a fight with sb fight with sb與某人打架 I dont want to have a fight with

28、my cousin They never fight with each other.They are really good friends.             二、主要句型(Key Sentences Structures) What should I do?  You could write him a letter What should he do? Maybe he should say sorry to him What should they

29、do? They shouldn't argue 三、詞語辨析 1. borrow sth. from sb.   從某人處借進某物 （借回來） 是指該句的主語從別人處(往里)借進某物e.g.:He borrowed the dictionary from Lucy yesterday.lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth   把某物借給某人 （借出去） 是指該句的主語把某物（往外）借給別人用 e.g.: Could you lend me your car? =Could you lend your

30、 car to me?2. get sb. to do  使做（以人為對象時，有“說服使做”的含義）     He could get a tutor to come to his home.     Youll never get her to agree.  ask sb. to do  邀請（人）做 We asked her to come to our party. tell sb. to do讓某人做某事  例如：     The teacher told

31、 him to finish the work that day. 3、be in style   時髦的，流行的 be out of style    過時的，不時髦的 例：Look! Her new dress is in style. Those clothes are out of style.  四、課文解釋1、I dont want to surprise him.    此處surprise是及物動詞  surprise sb. 使某人感到吃驚   

32、eg. My friend always surprises me.2、talk about it on the phone  用電話就此事進行交流On the phone 在電話里 。不能使用 in the phone、eg. They talk about a lot on the phone yesterday.3、call sb. (up) =give sb. a call   給某人打電話4、write sb. a letter = write a letter to sb.    給某人寫信5、give him a tic

33、ket to a ball game. (注意to 譯為：.的)  eg. They got two tickets to tonights show. 6、She has the same haircut as I do. 。eg. Tim has the same clothes as his brother does. 7、find out （經(jīng)過某人的研究、努力）發(fā)現(xiàn)，查出，找出You should find out the answer for yourself. 8、Everyone else in my class was invited

34、except me.此句中else一詞不能單獨使用，它必須跟在不定代詞像“someone, anyone nobody”等詞的后面，或跟在特殊疑問詞像“what, where”等詞的后面使用意思是“別的”eg. What else 別的什么， Who else 其他誰 someone else 其他人9、I cant think what I did wrong.  此句中 what I did wrong是賓語從句，應(yīng)用陳述語序 （即 ：主語+動詞）10、Im very upset and dont know what to do.此句中 what to do是不定式作know的賓

35、語，可用賓語從句來代替?？梢哉f成“I dont know what I should do.”背熟以下兩個常見結(jié)構(gòu)：I dont know what to do .我不知道該做什么。 I dont know how to do it. 我不知道該怎么去做它。11、There are a lot of things you could do. 此句中 you could do是定語從句，修飾前面的名詞“things”12、You left your homework at home.leave sth. +介詞短語，是“把忘在，落在（某處）的意思。eg. He left his umbrella

36、 on the bus.他把傘忘在公交車上。 注：千萬不能根據(jù)漢語的說法寫為：forget sth ,只能用leave sth.表示“落下”13、You should try to be funny.  Try to do努力做，試著做，盡量做   而try not to do  是盡量不做Please try not to be late again.  14、Their school days are busy enough.    enough必須放在形容詞/副詞的后面,表示“足夠的” （后置）eg. He is ta

37、ll enough to reach that apple. 他足夠高的可以夠著那個蘋果。15、be under too much pressure. 16、see other children doing a lot of things    see sb. doing    看見某人正在干某事 （強調(diào)動作正在進行）See sb do sth 看見某人做過某事 （強調(diào)動作已結(jié)束）eg. We saw them playing basketball at that time.17、find it hard to do sth

38、.  發(fā)現(xiàn)做（事）很難 He found it hard to learn math well.  注：it 初中階段常作：形式主語 /形式賓語 ，而句子真正的主語/賓語則由to do 來擔(dān)當(dāng).Unit 2 What should I do? 練習(xí)題一丶單項選擇 1. Im not good at math. I really dont know_.A. what should I do B.how should do C.what to do 2. My best friend is the same_. We are both 12 years old. A. as m

39、y age B.age as me C.as me age3. Can you_ what time the meeting starts? A.find out B.look after C.find4. My mother knows little about fashion. Her clothes are always_ A.in style B. Out of style C.new and smart5. Dad, I dont have enough money to buy a CD. Could you_me some? A.borrow B.lend C.keep6. Do

40、nt argue_ your parents. Its not polite. A.to B.for C.with7. “What should I do ?” “_ you could get_part-time job.” A.Maybe ,a B.May be ,/ C.Really, a8.-Youd better not go out now. Its raining. - It doesnt matter. My new coat can keep_ the rain. A.in B.of C.out9. Its a beautiful coat. But he _ only 30

41、 dollars for it. A. paid B.bought C.spent 10.The weather is_ for us to go swiming. A.enough warm B.warm enough C.too warm11.He_ his homework at home yesterday. A. left B.leaves C.forgot12. Could you give me_ to eat? Im hungry.A.anything B.something C.some thing13. If you are wrong, you should _sorry

42、 _others.A. talk, to B.say, to C.speak, about14. I was told to be here before seven. - Oh, you_ .Im sorry for not telling you that we have changed the plan.A. must B.cant C.neednt15. Whats wrong _ your radio? - It doesnt work. A. to B.with C.for二丶根據(jù)首字母及句意完成單詞。1. We a_ with the taxi driver about the

43、money yesterday.2. Under the p_ of modern life, many people feel very tired.3. Everyone went to play soccer e_ Tom ,because he doesnt like it.4. She didnt go to bed u_her mother came back last night.5. Julia f_ her test,so she was very upset.三丶甩所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Dont be stressed out. You should try _ (b

44、e) relaxed.2. Give me_ (free) or let me die3. I plan to _ (surprised) her at her birthday party.4. Could you please _ (pass) me those dumplings?5. Im very upset and dont know what _ (do). 四丶根據(jù)漢語完成句子。1. 她生你的氣了，所以你她打電話。 She _ _ _ you, so you should _ _ _.2. 你能給我一些建議嗎？Could you give me _ _ ?3. Henry很失落

45、，不知道該怎么做。Henry is very _ and doesnt know _ _ _ .4. 星期三詹姆斯把他的歷史書落在家里了James_ his history book _ _ on _.5. 孩子們需要時間和自由去玩耍與思考。Children need _ _ and _ _ to play and think.Unit 3 what were you doing when the UFO arrived? 【重難點分析】一. 過去進行時過去進行時表示過去某一時刻或者某段時間正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，常和表過去的時間狀語連用。   過去進行時的構(gòu)成：l 肯定形式

46、：主語+was/were+V-ingl 否定形式：主語+was not (wasn't)/were not (weren't)+V-ingl 疑問形式：Was/Were+主語+V-ing?；居梅ǎ?. 過去進行時表示過去某一段時間或某一時刻正在進行的動作。常與之連用的時間狀語有：at that time/moment, (at) this time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week), at+點鐘+yesterday (last night / Sunday)，when sb. did sth等時間狀語從句。如：What were you d

47、oing at 7p.m. yesterday?     I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time.     I was cooking when she knocked at the door.   2. when后通常用表示暫短性動詞，while后通常用表示持續(xù)性動詞，因此它所引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，謂語動詞常用進行時態(tài)，如：   When the car exploded I was

48、 walking past it.= While I was walking past the car it exploded. 3.when用作并列連詞時，主句常用進行時態(tài)，從句則用一般過去時，表示主句動作發(fā)生的過程中，另一個意想不到的動作發(fā)生了。如：    I was walking in the street when someone called me.   4. when作并列連詞，表示“（這時）突然”之意時，第一個并列分句用過去進行時，when引導(dǎo)的并列分句用一般過去時。如：    I was

49、 taking a walk when I met him. We were playing outside when it began to rain. 特點 ：while之后的從句一般用：進行時態(tài)（be+doing） When之后的從句一般用：過去時態(tài) 【注：本特點不是while和when的全部用法，更多的用法會在以后的學(xué)習(xí)中見到】二. 情態(tài)動詞(Modal Verbs ) must 用于表示“必須”、“務(wù)必”注：以must引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，否定回答習(xí)慣上用 No，you neednt或 don't have toMust I pay now? Yes,you must . No,

50、 you neednt./ No, you dont have to.三. 重點詞匯 1cut v切；剪；割cut (ones)hair   理發(fā) Be carefulDon't cut yourself2alien n外星人 An alien got out of the UFO.  3land v登岸；登陸；降落 n.陸地The plane will land in ten minutesA UFO landed in the middle of the field.4while conj當(dāng)?shù)臅r候；在之時While I danced, she sang

51、While he was singing, I was playing baseball.  5right adv正好；恰好The accident happened right over there He lives right in the center of the city. 6surprised adj驚奇的；吃驚的I was surprised that he was late for the party She was surprised that I didnt know about that.  注：ed形容詞用于修飾Sb,而ing形容詞用于修飾

52、sth7kid v欺騙；哄騙I'm not kidding you Youre kidding = No kidding.   8anywhere adv到處；無論哪里（用于否定句和一般疑問句中）Did you go anywhere yesterday?They didnt go anywhere the day before yesterday.9happen v發(fā)生A funny thing happened in the subway yesterday What happened to him on that day?  注：happe

53、n 常用于以下兩個結(jié)構(gòu)：l sth. happen to +名詞 ：發(fā)生于身上l happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 She hoped nothing bad would happen to him 10get out of 從出去She tried to get out of helping her mother Tom got out of the lift and walked to the station.  11run away 跑開；迅速離開；逃走The thief ran away when someone noticed him12at the docto

54、r's 在診所；在醫(yī)院 I'm thinking of going to the tailor's表示診所、店鋪或某人的家時，經(jīng)常用名詞所有格的形式。Mr. Cools = Mr. Cools clothes store at Jasons = at Jasons storeShe is staying at Mary's I want to go to the tailors.  13. see sb. do sth. 看見某人做(過)某事 she saw the alien get out.  14. 感嘆句是英語的一種重要的句型，用來表示人的強烈感情。一般說來，感嘆句是由what或how引導(dǎo)，句末用感嘆號. 感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)為：What a/an + adj(形容詞） + n（名詞） +（主+謂） What +adj(形容詞) +名詞復(fù)數(shù) + （主+謂） What +adj(形容詞) +不可數(shù)名詞 + （主+謂）How +adj/adv+ （主+謂）四詞語辨析 1、in front of 與in(at) the front of l in the fron