主謂一致歸納詳解及試題

1、主謂一致(一 . 如果主語是不可數(shù)名詞 , 動名詞 , 不定式或從句的時候 , 謂語動詞用單數(shù) .1.What they said has been recorded .2.Smoking is not a good habit.3.To live happily needs a lot of things.6.What I said _(be true.(二 . 如果由 and 連接的兩個做主語的單數(shù)名詞指的是同一個人或物的時候 , 用單數(shù)動詞 .1.The singer and songwriter is dead.2.The science and technology plays an

2、 important part in China.3.Bread and butter(=buttered bread is a good food for patients.4.“War and Peace” is the best book I have ever read.如果由 and 連接的兩個或更多的主語之前有 each, every, many a/an, no時候用單數(shù)名詞 .1.Every boy and girl in the class works very hard.2.Many a student has been sent to plant trees.(三 . 主

3、語是單數(shù) , 后面跟有 with, along with, together with, besides, as well as, but, except, no less than rather than, more than, like, including, in addition to的時候 , 謂語動詞用單數(shù) . Jack with his family wants to go to China.1.He, as well as you, is very honest.2.No one but I is a student.3.Her brother, together with h

4、is wife and children, was killed in the accident.(四 , 由 some, any, no, every構成的復合代詞 (sb,sth-和 each,either, neither, one, the other, another, little, a little, much, no one, nothing做主語的時候 , 謂語動詞用單數(shù) .1.Each of you is cleverer than me.2.Neither student has passed the exam.3.Is anybody here?4.Neitner of

5、 the girls _(be pretty .5. Every one of the students _(be studying hard .(五 , both, few, a few, several, many以及 others 做主語的時候 , 永遠用復數(shù)動詞 .1.Several friends were invited to the party.2.Both books are sold out.(六 , all, none, any, some, more和 most 要是修飾單數(shù)名詞 , 謂語動詞用單數(shù) ; 若是修飾復數(shù)名詞 , 就用復數(shù)動詞 .1.Most of the a

6、pple is bad.2.Most of the apples are bad.3.None of this money is yours.4.None one of the people here are teachers.(七 , 由 or 連接的兩個以上主語時 , 動詞和最接近的主語一致 .1.You or he is wrong.2.Are you or he wrong?. 由 either or, neither nor, not only but also連接的兩個以上主語時 , 動詞和最近的主語一致 .1.Either he or you have to tell the t

7、ruth.2.Neither my brother nor his friends are over 18 years old.3.Not only the basketball players but also the coach was nervous.4.Not only John but also I _(be going to Shanghai next week.5.Either you or she _(be to go.6.Here _(bea pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.在倒裝句中如一個句子由 there 或 here

8、 引起,而主語又不止一個,謂語動詞往往與最鄰近的一個主語保持一致。例如:Where is your mother and younger sisters? 你的母親和妹妹們在哪兒?There is a desk a table and three chairs in the room. 房間里有一張書桌,一張桌子和三把椅子 .(八 . 若主語的復數(shù)名詞表示的是”一段時間” , “一筆錢” , “一段距離” , “一個數(shù)量” , “一個面積”的時候用單 數(shù)謂語動詞 .1.Two weeks is to enough for me to finish it.2.Five thousand doll

9、ars is too much.3.Ten kilometers is too long for me to run.4.Eight hours of sleep is enough5.Ten pounds _(be missing from the till.6Thirty-six plus forty_(equal seventy-six.(九 . 集體名詞 people(人們 , police, cattle(牛群 等常用復數(shù)動詞 . 有一些集體名詞 , 如果表示的是整體就用單數(shù)動詞 , 如果 表示的是其中的個體就用復數(shù)謂語動詞 . 這樣的詞常見的有 family, class, aud

10、ience, crowd人群 public, team等等 .1.His family are all singers.2.His family is very large.3.The football team _(be having baths and then they are coming back here for tea.十 . 關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,謂語動詞與先行詞一致。1.Those who want to go please sign their names here.(十一 一些名詞只有復數(shù)形式,如 clothes, scissors, trousers,short

11、s, scales等作主語時謂語用復數(shù)形式1.The scales (天平 are mine.但是成雙的東西前面有 a pair of要用單數(shù)。2.This pair of scissors belongs to the tailor.3.This pair of scissors_(be made in Hangzhou.(十二 . 如果主語由“ a kind of ( a series of 構成, 謂語一般用單數(shù)形式。1.This kind of men is dangerous 如果是多種,謂語動詞要用復數(shù)。2.There are many kinds of apples.(十三 ,

12、算術式通常用單數(shù)。1.Thirty-six plus forty_(equal seventy-six.(十四 .ics 結尾的學科用單數(shù)謂語動詞。1.Politics is often a topic for discussion among us .(十五 書名劇名報紙名,國名的復數(shù)名詞作主語,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。1.The united states is a capitalist country.2.“ The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book. .群島 , 山脈 , 瀑布等專有名詞如 :the Alps, the Phili

13、ppines,Niagara Falls等作主語時 , 謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式 . 如 :Niagara Falls are a splendid scene.(十六 “ the+形容詞(分詞 “指人謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。指抽象謂語動詞用單數(shù)。1.The sick here are very well cared for.2.The English speak English.3.The new always beats the old.(十七 百分數(shù) , 分數(shù)作主語時的主謂一致當百分數(shù) , 分數(shù)后面加名詞或代詞時 , 要根據(jù)這個名詞或代詞來決定其謂語動詞的單復數(shù)形式 . 如果是復數(shù)名詞或代詞 ,

14、謂 語動詞用復數(shù) ; 如果是單數(shù)名詞 (或不可數(shù)名詞 或代詞 , 謂語動詞用單數(shù) . 如 : Fifty percent of the students in our school are girls. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.(十八 one and a half加復數(shù)名詞作主語謂語動詞用單數(shù)。1. One and a half bananas is left on the table.A number of +名詞復數(shù) +復數(shù)動詞 .The number of +名詞單數(shù) +單數(shù)動詞 .【考例】 Look! There

15、 _ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square.A. are a number of deer B. are a number of deersC. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers答案:A 。 該題考查的是主謂一致。 這個句子的主語是 a number of deer, 是個復數(shù)概念, 因此謂語動詞應用復數(shù)形式。 (deer 單復數(shù)相同The number of _ in our class _ fifty.A. student, isB. the students, are C. the stu

16、dents, isD. students, are答案 : C用 half of, part of, most of, a portion of 等詞引起主語時 , 動詞通常與 of 后面的名詞 , 代詞保持一致 .1.Most of his money is spent on books.2.Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.2 在一些短語 , 如 many a 或 more than one 所修飾的詞作主語時 , 謂語動詞多用單數(shù)形式 . 但由 more than of 作主語 時 , 動詞應與其后的名詞或代

17、詞保持一致 .1.More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.【語法過關】1. How time flies! Ten years _ passed.A. have B. has C. is D. Are1. B . 解析 該題考查的是主謂一致。 Ten years通常被看作是一個時間整體,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。2. Not only his parents but also his brother _ to the Summer Palace. They haven t been back.A. have been B. hav

18、e gone C. has been D. has gone2. D . 解析 該題考查的是主謂一致。如果由 not only but also連接兩個并列主語,其謂語動詞同相鄰的主語保持一致,謂語動詞應用單數(shù)形式。又因為他們還都沒有回來,所以用 has gone而不用 has been。3. Neither my father _ going to see the patient.A. nor I am B. nor I are C. or me are D. or me is3. A . 解析 該題考查的是主謂一致。 Neither nor 是一組連詞,可連接連個并列主語,其謂語動詞應同靠

19、近的主語 I 保持一致 , 因此應選 A 。4. Look! There _ playing with the tourists on Yinhe SquareA. are a number of deer B. are a number of deers C. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers4. A . 解析 該題考查的是主謂一致。 這個句子的主語是 a number of deer, 是個復數(shù)概念, 因此謂語動詞應用復數(shù)形式。 (deer 單復數(shù)相同5. The number of _ in our class _ fifty.A.

20、student, isB. the students, are C. students, isD. students, are5. C . 解析 本題考查主謂一致的用法。 the number of 后接復數(shù)名詞,作主語時,其謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。故應選 C 。7. Not only I but also Jane and Mary_ tired of having one examination after another.A . is B . are C . am D . Be7. B 。 “不僅是我而且簡和瑪莉都已厭煩了一個接著一個的考試。 ” not only 需用到就近原則, but

21、also 之后又是兩個 人,是復數(shù)。故選 B 。8. A library with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift.A . is offered B . has offered C . are offered D . have offered8. A . 解析 “一座藏書量是 5000冊的圖書館作為禮物送給了那個國家。 ” 要找出這句話的主說是 a library還是 books , 根據(jù)主謂一致原則 with 后面的短語是修飾、補充主語的情況的,故主語應是 a library ,又因為此題是被動語態(tài),因此 選擇 A9. When an

22、d where to build the new factory _yet.A . is not decided B . are not decided C . has not decided D . have not decided9. A . 解析 “還未決定何時何地建設新工廠。 ” “兩個并列連詞 +主語 +謂語” 作主語看作一個整體, 謂語動詞用單數(shù), 根據(jù)題意又應用被動語態(tài),故選 A 。11. Between the two buildings _a monument.A . is standing B . standing C . stands D . Stand11. C . 解

23、析 “一座紀念碑聳立在兩樓之間。 ”倒裝句的謂語動詞要與后面的主語保持一致。12. Many a student _that mistake before.A . had made B . has been made C . have made D . has made12. D . 解析 “許多學生以前就犯過這種錯誤。 ” “ many a”雖然表達復數(shù)概念,意為“許多” ,但當它作主語時,謂 語動詞用單數(shù)。13. None of the money _his.A . is B . are C . belongs D . Were13. A . 解析 “錢都不屬于他。 ” none 作主語,

24、謂語動詞單復數(shù)都可,但這里的 money 為不可數(shù)名詞,因此用單數(shù) 形式為好,而 belong to才是“屬于”的意思,所以選 A 。14. About three fifths of the work _done yesterday.A . had B . was C . were D . Have14. B . 解析 “昨天做了大約 3/5的工作。 ”主語含有分數(shù),百分比等等,謂語動詞要根據(jù)其后面的名詞而定,是 不可數(shù)名詞和單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞用單數(shù),是復數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞用復數(shù)。15. Neither your sister nor mine _the good news. Let

25、9;s tell them.A . know B knows C . knew15. B . 解析 句中的主語是 your sister和 mine , 由并列連詞 neither nor 連在一起, 所以謂語動詞要與后一個主語 mine 相一致,這里 mine 指 my sister。【 2011廣安市】 33. -How much is the pair of shoes?-Twenty dollars _ enough.A. is B. are C. am答案:A【解析】考查 be 動詞的用法。根據(jù)文意, twenty dollars看成一個整體,表示單數(shù)概念,故用 is ?！?2011

26、? 蘭州】 32. I have changed my job.A. So do I B. So have I C. So I do D. So I have答案:B【解析】倒裝句的用法。答句意為“我也改變了工作” ,上句是由 have 構成的完成時態(tài),因此答句由 have/ has 構 成完全倒裝句,因此選 B ?！?2011山東德州】 27. -I haven t seen the film Pirates of the Caribbean: On stranger Tides.-_.A. Neither have I B. So have IC. Neither I haveD. So

27、I have答案:A【解析】考查倒裝句。 Neither+系動詞(助動詞或情態(tài)動詞+主語表達否定,意為“另一者也不” 。 So+系動 詞(助動詞或情態(tài)動詞+主語,表示 “另一者也” 。根據(jù)句意“我從沒看過電影加勒比海盜:驚濤怪浪可 知,答語為“我也沒看過” ,故選 A ?！?2011浙江衢州】 28. One of my friends _moved to America. I miss her so much.A.has B. have C. is D. are答案:A【解析】現(xiàn)在完成時。我的一個朋友搬到美國了,我很想念她。后一句是前一句的影響和后果,因此用現(xiàn)在完成 時;主語是 one ,用

28、單數(shù)。(2011 湖南衡陽 31. Do you like your new T shirt? Yes. Not only I but also my mother _ it.A. likes B. like C. doesn t like答案:A【解析】連詞考查。 Not only-but also謂語動詞的確定是臨近原則。(2011 湖南衡陽 26. Peter, I will visit our teacher this Sunday. .Let s go together.A. Nor do I B.I will so C. So will I答案:C【解析】考查倒裝句。 So+系動詞

29、(助動詞或情態(tài)動詞+主語,表示 “另一者也” ?！?2011山東】 23.- What can you see in the picture?- I can see a farm. And there _ a lot animals on it.A. is B. areC. will beD. be23. 答案:B【解析】考查點:本題考查 there be 句型的用法。解題思路:動詞 be 單復數(shù)形式要跟 there be 之后的真正的主語 一致。本題 there be之后的真正的主語是復數(shù) animals ,故本題選擇 B 。【 2011湖北黃石】 34. The head teacher

30、with his students _Teanchengshan Park if it _tomorrow.A. is going to; isn t rainy B. are going to; isn t rainyC. is going to; won t rain D. are going to; doesn t rain答案:A【解析】主謂一致和狀語從句。 The head teacher 為主語, with 后面的不是主語,所以應為第三人稱單數(shù); if 后用 一般現(xiàn)在時表將來的意思?！?2011廣東】 37. David, there _ a dictionary and some

31、 books on your desk. Please put them away. OK. Mum. I ll do it right away.A. isB. areC. hasD. have答案:A【解析】本題考查 there be句型的就近原則。 There be后面接并列名詞時,謂語動詞 be 應與最鄰近的名詞在數(shù)上 保持一致 , 首先排除 C 、 D 項。又因為句中的名詞為單數(shù) a dictionary,由此可排除 B 項。故選 A ?！?2011四川德陽】 8. Physics _ more difficult than Chinese, do you think so?- Ye

32、s, I think so.A. is B. are C. has答案:A【解析】本題考查系動詞的用法。句意“物理比中文難學多了,你也這樣認為嗎?” ?？芍?Physics 在此作為一門 學科,應用單數(shù)形式 is ,故選 A ?！?2011烏魯木齊】 32. _ Lily _ Lucy is going with you because one of them must slay at home.A. Not only; but also B. Neither; norC. Both; and D. Either; or【答案】 D【解析】連詞的考察 Not only; but also “不

33、但而且” ; Neither; nor “既不也不”Both; and “和” ; Either; or“或者或者” ,由下文“他們中的一個必須呆在家里” ,可知“或者露西或 者莉莉與你一起去”【2011 廣東深圳】6. He, together with his parents _going to visit Shanghai in July. How about you? I'm afraid I have to stay at home _ _. A. are; on my own B. is, by myself C. is; by my own D. are; on myself 答案：B 【解析】 考查主謂一致與 by oneself 的用法。 介詞 with 后的謂語動詞應和它前面的主語 he 一致， A,D 錯。 oneself 故 by 是“獨自”的意思。故選擇 B。 (2011 湖南岳陽中考21.There a football mat